Browsing by Author "A.H. Madakemohekar"

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Biotechnological and Biochemical Study for Improvement of non-toxic Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.)
(Society for Plant Research, 2014) A.S. Chavan; V.K. Gaur; S.S. Bornare; A.H. Madakemohekar; L.B. Gaur
Jatropha curcas L. (physic nut) is a bush or small tree and belongs to the euphorbia family. The genus Jatropha contains approximately 170 known species. Increasing J. curcas production as a biofuel source will increase seed cake as a by-product which is rich in protein and essential amino acids except lysine. However, major constituents contained in the seed cake are toxic compound like Phorbol which contain antinutritional factors. The toxic genotype is common but the nontoxic genotypes exist only in Mexico. Because of Phorbol ester present in seeds and vegetative parts, its use as edible feedstock become narrow. Present investigation is to study and validate the toxic and nontoxic segregants of Jatropha. The attempt is also being made to identify derivatives with low toxin based on variability for Phorbol ester content in segregating population through HPLC and also to validate the protocol already utilized to classify toxic and non -toxic plants based on molecular analysis using ISSR and RAPD primers. The present findings reveal matching values for Phorbol content and the segregant with no toxin to optimal content extend opportunities of molecular breeding and selection to develop varieties with low Phorbol content. © 2014 Society for Plant Research. All rights reserved.
Estimation of combining ability and heterosis for yield contributing traits in exotic and indigenous crosses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
(Gaurav Publications, 2018) A.H. Madakemohekar; L.C. Prasad; J.P. Lal; R. Prasad
Combining ability and heterosis were determined in a population obtained from crosses between four indigenous testers and 10 exotic lines and grown under irrigated condition during 2014-15. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed the presence of significant variance due to general combining ability (gca) as well as for specific combining ability (sca) among the parents for all the traits. Among the parents, Marriya, Moroc 9-75, V Morles and BH 902 were good general combiners for grain yield and its component traits. On the basis of sca effects, Yardu x Lakhan showed significant sca effect for grain yield under both the irrigated and rainfed conditions. Pristage x BH 902, Himani x RD 2508 and Atahualpa x Lakhan were recorded as desirable for number of grains per spike, whereas Marriya x K 603 for chlorophyll content. For grain yield, the maximum per cent heterosis over standard check (K 603) was observed in Moroc 9-75 x BH 902, Atahualpa x RD 2508, Marriya x Lakhan and Moroc 9-75 x K 603. Moroc 9-75 x RD 2508, Marriya x Lakhan and Rihane x BH 902 under rainfed conditions, while Atahualpa x BH 902, Yardu x Lakhan and V-Morles x RD 2508 exhibited heterobeltiosis under irrigated condition (2014-15). © 2018 Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All Rights Reserved.
Evaluation of drought tolerance indices in crosses of barley (hordeum vulgare L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions
(Plant Archives, 2018) A.H. Madakemohekar; L.C. Prasad; R. Prasad
In order to evaluate drought resistance criteria in four indigenous and ten exotic genotypes and their 40 crosses were tested under two different environment (rainfed and irrigated). Five drought tolerance indices, yield under drought (Yd), yield potential (Yp), drought susceptibility index (S), drought intensity index (DII) and geometric mean (GM) were used. There were significant differences for all criteria among the genotypes. The selection was based on yield under moisture stress (Yd) in first instance, which was followed supported by drought susceptible index (S) and geometric mean (GM) to identify drought tolerant/resistant cross. Marriya x BH 902 was most desirable cross from which selection of the plants gave highest mean yield under rainfed (Yd =28.19) along with the maximum geometric mean (29.90) having 2nd rank and S value <1 (0.61). Although the cross Athoulpa x BH 902 has higher Yd (27.27), maximum GM (30.67), but it showed poor value for drought susceptibility index (S = 1.17). V Morles × K 603 ranked 3rd for Yp and 4th for drought susceptibility index (S = 0.61). Considering drought susceptible index out of 40 crosses 20 showed value less than 1, while Pristage x Lakhan (S= 0.50) and Pristage x RD 2508 (S= 0.55) showed 1st and 2nd rand respectively. Among the parents Yardu showed highest drought susceptible index (S= 0.66) and also good rank for Yd, Yp and GM followed by Marriya and K 603.
Exploitation of heterosis and combining ability for yield and its contributing traits in crosses of two-row and six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under rainfed environment
(Society for Plant Research, 2014) S.S. Bornare; L.C. Prasad; J.P. Lal; A.H. Madakemohekar; R. Prasad; Jaswant Singh; Sudhir Kumar
Combining ability for grain yield and its components in barley was studied in a set of four females (Testers 6 rowed), six males (lines 2 rowed) and their resultant F1’s with standard check k-603. Twenty two crosses, excluding BCU -4925 x K-603 and BCU-4922 x Karan-16, showed significant positive economic heterosis for grain yield per plant. Analysis for variance for combining ability analysis revealed that the variance due to General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combing Ability (SCA) were highly significant for most of the traits studied. The estimated value of σ2A was higher than its σ2D for plant height and thousand seed weight which indicated the predominance of additive gene action as the ratio of σ2A/σ2D was more than unity, while rest of the traits showed preponderance of non-additive gene action. The value of average degree of dominance for plant height and thousand seed weight indicated partial dominance while rest of the traits viz., chlorophyll content, spike length, awn length, number of effective tillers, number of grains per spike, harvest index and grain yield per plant showed over-dominance. Two male parents (BCU-4925 and BCU-4927) and one male parent (Lakhan) had significant and positive effect for grain yield per plant. Five crosses were found to be good specific combiners for grain yield with maximum SCA effect in cross BCU-4922 x Lakhan. © 2014, Society for Plant Research. All rights reserved.
Generation mean analysis in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under drought stress condition
(Plant Archives, 2018) A.H. Madakemohekar; L.C. Prasad; R. Prasad
Barley is one of the drought tolerant crop in rabbi season. The objective of study is was to generate genetic information, which can help to study genetic control of drought tolerance in barley. Four varieties (K 603, RD 2508, Lakhan and BH 902) evaluated to make four different cross combination and to determine the genetic parameters contributing to 13 characters. Generation mean analysis was carried out on six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, Bc1 and Bc2) to complement the genetic information obtained from analysis. The gene effects indicate that additive component was predominant over dominant one for majority of the character under rainfed condition. While among the epistatic interaction the major role played by additive x additive type of epistasis which was followed by additive x dominance and dominance x dominance in all the four crosses, which shows that transgressive segregants obtained from these crosses may perform well in the next generations and variety can be develop by selection from these breeding material.
Molecular characterization of parents and genetic study in their cross combinations for drought tolerance in barley under irrigated and water stressed conditions
(Society for Plant Research, 2017) S.S. Bornare; L.C. Prasad; A.H. Madakemohekar; R. Prasad
In pursuit of enhance the productivity along with drought tolerance level of barley cultivar, a generation means analysis of selected 10 cross combinations was conducted under two environments viz., irrigated (moisture non- stress) and rain fed (moisture stress) conditions in Rabi 2012-13 with aimed to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene action controlling the inheritance of drought tolerance, yield and its contributing traits. Before crossing program the degree of diversity of selected genotypes were tested using SSR markers for better outcome. Based ongeneration mean analysis, both additive and dominant types of gene effects were important for most of the traits studied. Moreover, dominance gene effects (h), in general were higher than additive gene effects (d) under both the conditions. In presence of epistasis, almost all the crosses showed duplicate type of gene interaction under both the irrigated and water deficit conditions. In such crosses, the selection should be mild in the earlier and intense in the later generations because it marks the progress through selection.As dominance gene effects (h) were in higher magnitude, it would be worthwhile to resort the methods which will exploit non-additive gene effect and take care of nonallelic interactions, such as, diallel selective mating or biparental mating in early segregating generations for the development of high yielding barley genotypes with desirable drought tolerance related traits. Dendrogram generated based on SSR marker reveals that 10 parents formed three major clusters in which second and third cluster further subdivided into two minor groups with 22 to 76 ranges of variation. Addition of this result before choosing the parents for genetic analysis of such complex traits could be more fruitful under breeding program for crop improvement. © 2017, SciTechnol, All Rights Reserved.
Stability analysis of yield and its component traits of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes in multi-environment trials in the north eastern plains of India
(Society for the Advancement of Breeding Researches in Asia and Oceania, 2015) R.D. Lodhi; L.C. Prasad; S.S. Bornare; A.H. Madakemohekar; R. Prasad
Stability performance of 105 barley genotypes including commercial cultivars and elite lines (indigenous and exotic) were compared by using regression on environmental means for grain yield and its components under 3 different environments during Rabi 2012-2014. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the traits studied over all 3 individual environments. Genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for all the characters studied. The linear component of G x e interaction was preponderant for days to heading, days to maturity, effective tillers per plant, grains per ear and grain yield per plant. Most of the genotypes did not satisfy the stability criteria indicating the presence of non-linear component of G × E instead of the linear component for most of the traits studied. The genotypes RD-2618, PL-760 and NDB-1229 for days to heading; Lakhan, Clipper, JB-57, PL-760 and Maria for short duration; BH-688, BC-112, K-603, RD-2624 and BH-548 for dwarf stature; CIHO-3510 for tiller number; JB-16 for peduncle length, DL-88, BCU-IC-437851, Karan-15, RD-2660, Lakhan and JB-15 for spike length; BCU-550, EIBGN-04-14 and RS-6 for flag leaf length; Manjula and EIBGN-04-14 for grains per ear; EIBGN-2-1 and Jyoti for grain yield per plant were found to be comparatively stable by meeting all the 3 parameters of stability over the environments. These promising genotypes may be utilized as donors in barley improvement program for target ecosystems. © Society for the Advancement of Breeding Research in Asia and Oceania (SABRAO) 2015.