Browsing by Author "A.K. Sanyal"

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A comparative study on the gastric secretory response of histamine and pentagastrin on the same Indian subjects
(1980) J.P. Gupta; Y. Rai; P.K. Debnath; A.K. Sanyal
[No abstract available]
A study of gastric aspirate in normal and preterm infants on first day of life
(1974) P.K. Debnath; N. Ahmed; V. Bhargava; A.K. Sanyal
A study was conducted on the gastric aspirate of 85 normal term and 53 preterm babies to find out their patterns of gastric acidity and peptic activity. The pH in normal term babies was 5.6 at birth and the value dropped to 2.2 by 2-8 hr. In contrast, in preterm, the pH value remained more than 4 even after 24 hr. Similarly, no titrable free acid was detectable in the preterm babies up to 24 hr of life. The peptic activity was detectable in full term newborns by 2-4 hr, while in the preterm babies this activity did not appear even up to 24 hr after birth.
Abnormal patterns of ossification in foot bones of rat fetuses induced by cyclophosphamide
(1974) A.K. Sanyal; S. Singh
A series of 346 hind limbs from rat fetuses was collected on the 21st day of gestation (D 21) and 432 on the 23rd day (D 23) after a single maternal administration of cyclophosphamide (8-20 mg/kg) on D 12-14 of gestation. One hundred control fetuses were also collected. Ossification centers of the feet were studied after staining with alizarin red S. The patterns of ossification deviated from normal in 96-98% of limbs treated on the 13th day of gestation. The appearance of various centers on the 23rd day of gestation that had been seen to be suppressed by the teratogenic effect of cyclophosphamide on the 21st day, resulted in a significantly higher (P<0.01) number of patterns in the D 23 group (27 patterns) as compared to the D 21 group (8 patterns). The disorderly manner in which various centers of ossification appeared during further skeletal maturation indicated mesenchymal damage by the drug as well as suppression of ossification. The teratogenic effect was most marked in those injected on D 13, and least marked in those injected on D 12, which conforms with the normal variability of hind limb development during these periods.
Abnormal patterns of ossification in the hands of foetuses produced by cyclophosphamide administration to pregnant rats
(1974) Shamek Singh; A.K. Sanyal
[No abstract available]
Antagonism of some central pharmacological actions of prostaglandin E1 by prostaglandin F(2α) in rat
(1978) S.K. Bhattacharya; P.K. Debnath; A.K. Sanyal
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) was found to significantly inhibit protaglandin E1 (PGE1) induced potentiation of morphine antinociception, anticonvulsant action of phenobarbitone and hexobarbitone hypnosis, as well as PGE1 induced inhibition of pentylenetetrazol convulsions in rat. Earlier studies suggested that all these pharmacological actions of PGE1 were serotonin-mediated. It appears that PGF2α-induced inhibition of PGE1 actions is brought about by modulating central serotonergic neurotransmission in the rat.
Anti-ulcerogenic effect of banana powder (Musa sapientum var. paradisiaca) and its effect on mucosal resistance
(1986) R.K. Goel; Saroj Gupta; R. Shankar; A.K. Sanyal
Orally administered banana pulp powder (Musa sapientum var. paradisiaca) was shown to have significant anti-ulcerogenic activity in rats subjected to aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, prednisolone and cysteamine and in guinea-pigs subjected to histamine. Banana powder not only increased mucosal thickness but also significantly increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into mucosal DNA. Relative to untreated control sections, histological studies showed that banana treatment increased staining by alcian blue in the apical cells with staining noted in the deeper layers of the mucosal glands. Banana-treated and control sections were also stained for DNA by the Feulgen reaction. The banana-treated sections showed a greater aggregation and intensity of pink spots when compared to controls. The present study suggests that banana powder treatment not only strengthens mucosal resistance against ulcerogens but also promotes healing by inducing cellular proliferation. © 1986.
Antispasmodic activity of the tertiary base of Daucus carota, Linn. seeds
(1979) S.S. Gambhir; S.P. Sen; A.K. Sanyal; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Arundo donax L. (Graminae). Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation
(1969) S. Ghosal; S.K. Dutta; A.K. Sanyal; S.K. Bhattacharya
Five indole-3-alkylamine bases, viz., N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-N-methyltryptamine, bufotenine, dehydrobufotenine, and bufotenidine, were isolated from the rhizomes of Arundo donax L. This is the first reported occurrence of bufotenidine and dehydrobufotenine in a plant species. A defatted ethanolic extract of the rhizomes produced hypotensive and antispasmodic effects against histamine-, serotonin-, and acetylcholineinduced spasms. Bufotenidine showed three main pharmacological actions, viz., antiacetylcholine effect which appears to lie more specific against skeletal muscle than against muscarinic sites, histamine release, and uterine stimulant. Xone of these actions of this compound had been reported previously. © 1969, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Banana and Restraint Ulcers in Albino Rats
(1963) A.K. Sanyal; C.R. Banerji; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Barium-induced contraction of rat vas deferens in calcium-free solution
(1988) S.K. Mishra; P.K. Das; A.K. Sanyal
Barium-induced contraction of smooth muscle through membrane depolarization is well known. Participation of calcium in Ba2+-induced contraction of smooth muscle has been emphasized. The source of the activator Ca2+ translocated by Ba2+ is, however, equivocal. The present study employing whole rat vas deferens, compared the Ba2+ response of the tissue bathed in Ca2+-deprived salt solution with those in normal salt solution. The results indicate that 'phasic' component of Ba2+-induced contraction was due to both mobilization of intracellular calcium and influx of extracellular calcium, which is bound to the membrane while the 'tonic' component was entirely due to the influx of the extracellular calcium of the medium. The results also suggest that Ba2+ might induce a contraction independent of Ca2+. This Ca2+-independent Ba2+ contraction is blocked by verapamil. The data has been interpreted to suggest that the calcium channels in rat vas deferens might be of two types- 'fast' and 'slow' voltage dependent channels- and that fast channels might be more responsible to transmit Ca2+ for phasic component and slow channels for tonic component.
Canscora decussata (Gentianaceae) xanthones III: Pharmacological studies
(1972) S.K. Bhattacharya; S. Ghosal; R.K. Chaudhuri; A.K. Sanyal
Pharmacological studies of mangiferin, the major and most polar xanthone of Canscora decussata (Family Gentianaceae), and some of the less polar xanthonic constituents of the roots are reported. Mangiferin showed definite signs of CNS stimulation. Hydrocholeretic effect, cardiostimulant effect, and potentiation of subanalgesic doses of morphine are also demonstrated. The less polar xanthones, from the petroleum extract of the roots, elicited only a weak CNS depressant activity. Selected pharmacological screening of the water‐soluble xanthones indicated that this fraction contained the active principle(s) of the plant. Copyright © 1972 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company
Certain biochemical characteristics of rat amniotic fluid
(1979) C. Ghosh; A.K. Sanyal
A study was undertaken to estimate several biochemical parameters including proteolytic activity in the rat amniotic fluid, as gestational age can be accurately calculated in this species from the day the vaginal smear is positive for sperm. The results showed detectable proteolytic activity between day 13 and day 20 with a significant increase in the total proteolytic and specific proteolytic activities between day 16 and day 17 of gestation. These changes along with those of protein, creatinine, pH, volume and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat amniotic fluid indicate that the period between day 16 and day 18 may be 'critical' in the development of the rat foetus in utero, the term 'critical' meaning that after this period, the chances of survival of the foetus outside the uterus is relatively higher.
Cyclophosphamide induced hydrocephalus in chick embryos
(1974) A.K. Kar; S. Singh; A.K. Sanyal
Cyclophosphamide was injected into the yolk sac of chick embryos on 5th day of incubation and embryos collected from 6th to 19th day to study the teratogenic effect of this drug on the developing ventricles of chick brains. The treated embryos from 9th day onwards showed mild to moderate degree of dilatation of all the ventricles, leading to internal hydrocephalus. No stenosis or occlusion of the cerebral aqueduct could be found associated with this internal hydrocephalus as reported by earlier workers. The hydrocephalic brains also showed thinner ventricular walls without any significant change in the cytoarchitectural pattern. The thinness of the cortex resulting from the suppressive effect of the drug and the excessive cerebrospinal fluid resulting from the probable damage to choroid plexus accounted for ventricular dilatations. (22 references.)
Cyclophosphamide induced malformations of axial skeleton of rats observed in the perinatal period
(1974) A.K. Sanyal; S. Singh; B. Raju
[No abstract available]
Cytological changes in gonadotrophs of rat adenohypophysis after castration and oestrogen administration
(1977) S. Singh; A.K. Sanyal
[No abstract available]
Digital anomalies induced by cyclophosphamide (endoxan-asta) in rat foetuses
(Informa Healthcare, 1974) Shamer Singh; A.K. Sanyal
[No abstract available]
Effect of 5 hydroxytryptamine antagonist on gastric secretion in albino rats
(1975) P.K. Debnath; R.K. Goel; A.K. Sanyal
[No abstract available]
Effect of banana powder (Musa sapientum var. paradisiaca) on gastric mucosal shedding
(1987) K. Mukhopadhyaya; D. Bhattacharya; A. Chakraborty; R.K. Goel; A.K. Sanyal
Banana pulp powder (Musa sapientum Linn. var. paradisiaca) was studied for its effects on gastric mucosal resistance. Banana-treated (0.5 g/kg orally, twice daily for 3 days) rats of either sex showed: (i) a significant increase in the [3H]thymidine incorporation into mucosal cell DNA; (ii) a significant increase in the total carbohydrate (sum of total hexoses, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid) content of gastric mucosa; (iii) a significant decrease in gastric juice DNA and protein; (iv) a significant increase in the total carbohydrates and carbohydrate/protein ratio of gastric juice. Aspirin treatment to rats caused similar effects as banana on the [3H]thymidine incorporation into mucosal cell DNA but showed opposite effects on the other parameters. These results suggest that banana treatment increased and aspirin decreased the gastric mucosal resistance as evidenced by a respective decrease and increase in gastric juice DNA, the latter serving as an index of the rate of mucosal shedding. Increased cellular mucus may be the factor for increased mucosal resistance. The results of the present study tend to confirm that plantain banana powder strengthens mucosal resistance and promotes the healing of ulcers. © 1987.
Effect of brain monoamines on the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone
(1982) A. Amar; S. Mandal; A.K. Sanyal
The role of brain monoamines (5-HT, NA and DA) in the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) was studied in view of contradictory reports. Plasma corticosterone levels and the rate of synthesis of corticosterone in vitro by the adrenal gland were estimated in albino rats and have been taken as the index of ACTH activity. These estimations were done in unstressed and stressed, and in untreated and treated rats. Drugs were administered intracerebroventricularly to the rats to cause selective degeneration of tryptaminergic, noradrenergic or dopaminergic neurons. The results show that plasma corticosterone levels and the rate of synthesis of corticosterone were significantly decreased after selective degeneration of tryptaminergic neurons in unstressed rats. After selective degeneration of either tryptaminergic or noradrenergic neurons, the acute increase in the plasma corticosterone levels and rate of synthesis of corticosterone in vitro by adrenal glands in stressed rats were significantly inhibited. These results have been interpreted to suggest that the central tonic control on adrenal glands may be 5-HT mediated and that during stress ACTH secretion may be both 5-HT and NA mediated. DA does not seem to have significant role in the regulation of ACTH secretion.
Effect of Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan-Asta) on Palate Development in Albino Rats
(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2024) Shamer Singh; A.K. Sanyal; S.P. Singh
Single intraperitoneal injection of varying doses of Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan-Asta) was given 51 pregnant albino rat of Wistar Strain during 12th through 16th days of gestation (the day of sperm positive vaginal smear designated as zero day of peg). Ten pregnant rats were used as controls where similar amount of saline was injected without the drug. Rats were sacrificed on 21st day of gestation and foetuses removed after uterotomy and examined under the dissecting microscope for presence of any ibft palate. Highly arched palate showing defective closure was observed in most of the litters where injections were given on 12th-15th days of gestation while rats injected on 16th day of gestation showed normal palate in all the litters. Varying degrees of actual cleft in the palate was found in 27% of foetuses treated on 12th day. 70% in those of 13th day treatment and 42% in case of 14th day group. No cleft palate was deleted in the 15th & 16th day treated foetuses or in the control ones, though the 15th day treated group showed high arched palate in 100% of the foetuses. Mechanism of the production of the developmental defect has been discussed. © 2024 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved.