Browsing by Author "Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia"

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Groundwater Quality assessment using Water Quality Index (WQI) in parts of Varanasi District, Uttar Pradesh, India
(Geological Society of India, 2018) Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; H.K. Pandey; S.K. Tiwari; Ram Prakash; Prashant Pandey; Arjun Ram
The water quality index (WQI) is an important tool to determine the drinking water quality in urban, rural and industrial area. WQI is defined as an index reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters which is considered and taken for calculation of water quality index. In the present study, sixteen groundwater samples were collected from the southern portion of the Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the pre monsoon period of May, 2015. The twenty two water quality parameters have been considered for the calculation of water quality index viz. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solid (TDS), alkalinity, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), nitrates (NO3"), bicarbonate (HCO3 –), chlorides (Cl–), sulphates (SO4 –), fluorides (F–), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS, 2012) has been considered to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes and for the calculation of WQI. Correlation study between various physicochemical properties also reveals significant negative relationships. The current study shows that ~20% area is falling under the non suitable for drinking water category and rest is falling under good, moderate, poor, very poor as per the WQI classification. The present study is helpful in proper planning and management of available water resource for drinking purpose. © 2018, Geological Society of India.
Groundwater quality assessment using water quality index (WQI) under GIS framework
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Arjun Ram; S.K. Tiwari; H.K. Pandey; Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; Supriya Singh; Y.V. Singh
Groundwater is an important source for drinking water supply in hard rock terrain of Bundelkhand massif particularly in District Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh, India. An attempt has been made in this work to understand the suitability of groundwater for human consumption. The parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, copper, manganese, silver, zinc, iron and nickel were analysed to estimate the groundwater quality. The water quality index (WQI) has been applied to categorize the water quality viz: excellent, good, poor, etc. which is quite useful to infer the quality of water to the people and policy makers in the concerned area. The WQI in the study area ranges from 4.75 to 115.93. The overall WQI in the study area indicates that the groundwater is safe and potable except few localized pockets in Charkhari and Jaitpur Blocks. The Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram reveals that the groundwater of the study area falls under Na+-Cl−, mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl− and Ca2+-HCO3- types. The granite-gneiss contains orthoclase feldspar and biotite minerals which after weathering yields bicarbonate and chloride rich groundwater. The correlation matrix has been created and analysed to observe their significant impetus on the assessment of groundwater quality. The current study suggests that the groundwater of the area under deteriorated water quality needs treatment before consumption and also to be protected from the perils of geogenic/anthropogenic contamination. © 2021, The Author(s).
Groundwater resource assessment of an alluvial aquifer in parts of Varanasi and Sant Ravidas Nagar Districts, Uttar Pradesh, India using GRE-2015
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2020) Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; H.K. Pandey; S.K. Tiwari
The importance of groundwater in India can be realized from the fact that the 85% of rural drinking water supply is dependent on groundwater. There has been paradigm shift from surface to ground water in view of poor quality and reduction in river flow/discharge in the recent past. The concept of micro and sustainable irrigation may be achieved efficiently through groundwater. Therefore, the groundwater resource assessment is essential to make the development plan for meeting out the drinking and irrigation demand for any groundwater unit. An attempt has been made to evaluate the groundwater resource using the latest Ground Water Resource Estimation (GRE-15) of an area that has gone through extensive irrigation using groundwater so that the groundwater stress areas can be sustainably managed. The present research is based on the Groundwater Resource Estimation methodology- 2015 to evaluate the groundwater availability and the stress conditions occurring in the study area. The stage of groundwater development inferred after the study shows that Araziline block of Varanasi and Bhadohi block of Sant Ravidas Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh are falling under the critical category while Sevapuri block of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh falls under the semi-critical category. The current estimation warrants the immediate need for proper management of groundwater resources. © 2020 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.
Groundwater Stress Analysis using GIS in Parts of Varanasi District, Uttar Pradesh, India
(Springer, 2022) Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; H.K. Pandey; S.K. Tiwari; Prashant Pandey; Arjun Ram
The observation based on field as well as secondary data collected from the various observation wells in the district of Varanasi during pre- and post-monsoon periods which show continuous decline in the groundwater level during the year 2009–15 except year 2012. After the analysis of hydrogeological and rainfall data, the groundwater behaviour of the area has been accessed. The correlation among rainfall, sub-surface lithology and groundwater level have been carried out to access the interrelationship of these factors. Thickness of clay and fine sand are governing factors for groundwater level under phreatic condition in the study area. The groundwater regime has strong relationship with rainfall and sub-surface soil condition. The groundwater is under stress condition particularly in the northern part of the study area due to lower rainfall in comparison to excessive groundwater withdrawal and significant thickness of clay layer below the ground surface. © 2021, The National Academy of Sciences, India.
Groundwater vulnerability assessment using water quality index (WQI) under geographic information system (GIS) framework in parts of Uttar Pradesh, India
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; H.K. Pandey; S.K. Tiwari; Prashant Pandey; Arjun Ram
Groundwater resources are affected in principle by three major activities. First is excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural areas. The second is untreated/partially treated wastewater to the soil/water and the third one is excessive pumping and improper management of aquifers. Due to large-scale urban growth which has triggered domestic effluents and on the other hand industrial development activities has resulted in the generation of a copious volume of industrial effluents directly and indirectly contaminate the groundwater. In a drinking water quality assessment, the decision-making based on water quality data is a crucial issue because several parameters compromise its quality. There has been considerable advancement in the field of water quality assessment particularly based on the principle of the water quality index (WQI) using modified concepts. The study area which includes part of Varanasi and Sant Ravidas Nagar districts are centers for urban growth along with industrial setup in Uttar Pradesh, India. Water quality index (WQI) is an index reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters which is considered for calculation. 50 numbers of groundwater samples were collected from various locations in the study area as per the standard protocol prescribed by the American Public Health Association (APHA). Twenty-two water quality parameters have been considered for the calculation of water quality index viz. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), nitrates (NO3−), bicarbonate (HCO3−), chlorides (Cl−), sulphates (SO4−), fluorides (F−), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The Bureau of Indian Standard has been considered to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes and the calculation of the water quality index (WQI). Correlation study among various physicochemical properties also reflects certain significant negative relationships. The current study shows that 50% of the collected water samples are non-suitable for the drinking water category and the rest is falling under the good, moderate, poor, very poor as per the Water Quality Index (WQI) classification. The present study is quite helpful for the proper planning and management of available water resources for drinking purposes. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Identification of Potential Recharge Zones in Drought Prone Area of Bundelkhand Region, India, Using SCS-CN and MIF Technique Under GIS-frame work
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021) Prashant Pandey; S.K. Tiwari; H.K. Pandey; Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; Sachchidanand Singh
Jaspura watershed a part of Yamuna basin is situated in drought prone area lying in the Banda district of Bundelkhand region, Uttar Pradesh, India. The drastic decline of groundwater level and consistently drying up of the phreatic aquifer has led to the acute shortage of groundwater in the study area. The situation is further aggravated due to base flow in the areas adjoining the major order streams. To mitigate such problem in study area, MIF technique, combined with RS and GIS, has been effectively used to delineate the potential recharge zone using seven thematic layers, viz., LULC, soil, slope, drainage density (Dd), geomorphology, depth to water level map of post-monsoon, and groundwater fluctuation map. Relative rates and weight of each influencing factor have been calculated on the basis of major and minor effect of these thematic layers. Based on their influence on groundwater recharge capacity using seven thematic layers under potential zone, five classes under artificial recharge have been identified, viz., very high (96.4 km2), high (157.4 km2), moderate (146.1 km2), low (72.9 km2), and very low (34.2km2). The runoff in 15 micro-watersheds has been estimated using SCS-CN approach. Integration of runoff and potential recharge zone has yielded the suitable sites and type of groundwater recharge structure. On the basis of its percolation tank (PT), check dam (CD) and sub-surface dam (SD) have been identified as feasible and suitable groundwater recharge structure. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Stability analysis of rock slopes along Gangadarshan, Pauri, Garhwal, Uttarakhand
(Geological Society of India, 2017) Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia; H.K. Pandey; H.C. Nainwal; Jitendra Singh; S.K. Tiwari
The rock mass rating (RMR) and slope mass rating (SMR) has been carried out to classify the slope in terms of slope instability. To understand the RMR and SMR various geostructural, geomorphologic and hydrological parameters of the slopes were measured and analyzed. 32 rock slopes/rock cum debris slopes were identified in the study area. The present RMR and SMR study is an outcome of extensive field study along a stretch of about 10 km on road leading from Srinagar to Pauriarea along Alaknanda valley. The technique followed incorporates the relation between discontinuities and slope along with rock mass rating (RMR) and slope mass rating (SMR). The analysis of the 32 studied slopes shows that in the Gangadarshan area out of six rock slope facets, two falls in class II (stable) and four in class IV (unstable). It is significant to note that the slope facets coming under class IV are comprised of active landslide portions. While the slopes under class II show minor failure or old landslide debris. © 2017, Geological Society of India.