Browsing by Author "Amit Mishra"

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Effect of lipid matrix on repaglinide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery
(Newlands Press Ltd, 2010) Manoj K Rawat; Achint Jain; Amit Mishra; Madaswamy S Muthu; Sanjay Singh
Aim: To study the effect of different types of lipid on the entrapment efficiency (EE) and physical stability of repaglinide (RG)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). RG-loaded SLNs were prepared by modified solvent injection method using stearic acid (RSA), glycerol monosteratae (RGM), glyceryl behenate (RGB) and tristearin (RTS). Poloxamer F68 was used as a stabilizer. Results: SLNs were characterized by particle size, zeta-potential, EE, in vitro release, solid-state properties (differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction) and stability at 30°C/65% relative humidity for 3 months. The mean particle size and zeta-potential of RG-loaded SLNs prepared with different lipids in varying concentrations ranged from 150 to 355 nm and -21.04 ± 3.10 to -30.54 ± 2.76 mV, respectively. Conclusion: EE was found to vary with lipids in the following order: RSA < RGM < RGB < RTS. Tristearin-prepared SLNs showed a significant prolonged drug release up to 24 h. Differential scanning calorimetry and electron diffraction microphotograph results indicated that RG entrapped in the SLNs existed in an amorphous or molecular state. SLNs prepared with stearic acid, glycerol monostearate and glyceryl behenate after storage showed significant increases in particle size, polydispersity index and EE. The SLNs prepared with tristearin were stable. © 2010 Future Science Ltd.
Effects of sowing dates and mulching on growth and yield of wheat and weeds (Phalaris minor Retz.)
(Bangladesh Botanical Society, 2019) Manoj Kumar Singh; Amit Mishra; Naveen Khanal; Saroj Kumar Prasad
Weed infestation, particularly Phalaris minor Retz. is a serious threat for increasing wheat productivity in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The primary objective of this research was to study the effect of sowing dates and mulching on the growth of wheat and weeds. In general, early sowing (November-25) exhibited less growth of P. minor, but increased weed biomass and lower wheat yields than the delayed (December-10) sowing date. Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat; and drastically reduced weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minor. Moreover, under no weed management, delayed sowing increased the wheat yield, over earlier sowing. It was concluded that organic mulches can sustainably manage the weed infestation, particularly P. minor and increase the wheat yield. © 2019 Bangladesh Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
PLGA nanoparticle formulations of risperidone: preparation and neuropharmacological evaluation
(2009) Madaswamy S. Muthu; Manoj K. Rawat; Amit Mishra; Sanjay Singh
The aim of this work was to develop extended-release poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles of risperidone and thermal-responsive in situ gel containing risperidone nanoparticles for parenteral (subcutaneous) delivery and to reduce the dose-dependent extrapyramidal side effects of risperidone. PLGA nanoparticles of risperidone were designed by nanoprecipitation method using polymeric stabilizer (Poloxamer 407). The prepared nanoparticles were characterized for particle size by photon correlation spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Poloxamer 407-based in situ gel containing PLGA nanoparticles of risperidone was prepared by modified cold method to control the initial rapid release from the nanoparticles. The in vivo efficacy (antipsychotic effect) of prepared formulations (nanoparticles and in situ gel containing nanoparticles) was studied by administering them subcutaneously to mice. Extrapyramidal side effects of the formulations were also studied. The particle size of the prepared nanoparticles ranged between 85 and 219 nm. About 89% to 95% drug encapsulation efficiency was achieved when risperidone was loaded at 1.7% to 8.3% by weight of the polymer. During in vivo studies prepared risperidone formulations showed an antipsychotic effect that was significantly prolonged over that of risperidone solution for up to 72 hours with fewer extrapyramidal side effects. The prolonged effect of risperidone was obtained from the risperidone formulations administered subcutaneously, and this may improve the treatment of psychotic disorders by dose reduction. From the Clinical Editor: The development of extended-release poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles of risperidone is reported in this paper, along with the development of thermal-responsive in situ gel containing risperidone nanoparticles for parenteral (subcutaneous) delivery and to reduce the dose-dependent extrapyramidal side effects. In vivo studies showed a significantly prolonged antipsychotic effect with fewer extrapyramidal side effects. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Role of biofertilizers in conservation agriculture
(Springer Singapore, 2016) Mahendra Singh; M.L. Dotaniya; Amit Mishra; C.K. Dotaniya; K.L. Regar; Manju Lata
In the present time, chemical fertilizers are more in practice for crop production which affected the soil and environment quality. The higher amount of chemical inputs in agricultural production system affected the sustainability of the agricultural crop production systems, increased cost of cultivation, and caused partial factor productivity decline, and maintaining the global food security and environmental quality became a daunting challenge. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of fertilizers, mostly urea, and the poor application of organic matter to cropland have led to considerable reduction in soil health. Nowadays our agriculture has shifted to old-age practice like conservation agriculture. It is using old tool and techniques with incorporation of modern science and scientific principles. In general, biofertilizer is organic in nature containing an effective particular microorganism in a concentrated form which originated either from the plant root nodule or from the soil of the rhizosphere. Biofertilizers have emerged as potential environment-friendly inputs that are benefited for agricultural crop production system. They hold vast prospective in fulfilling the plant nutrient requirements, which are reducing the chemical fertilizer application and minimizing environmental pollution. The bioinoculants are used as a seed treatment or soil treatment, improving plant nutrient availability and finally crop growth and yield. These contain living cells of diverse types of microorganisms and have the potential to solubilize and mobilize plant nutrient elements from insoluble form through biological process and also fix atmospheric nitrogen. The adequate use of biofertilizers helps in maintaining soil quality and thus provides a low-cost approach to manage crop yield along with protecting the environment. © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016.
Stimulus-responsive targeted nanomicelles for effective cancer therapy
(2009) Madaswamy S. Muthu; Chellappa V. Rajesh; Amit Mishra; Sanjay Singh
Emerging nanotechnology has already developed various innovative nanomedicines. Nanomicelles, self-assemblies of block copolymers, are promising nanomedicines for targeted drug delivery and imaging. Stimulus-responsive targeted nanomicelles are designed to release drugs based on stimuli such as pH, temperature, redox potential, magnetism and ultrasound. This article will focus on recent advancements in the design of stimulus-responsive targeted nanomicelles loaded with anticancer drugs to fulfill the challenges associated with cancer cells (e.g., multidrug resistance) for the effective treatment of cancer. The significant toxicity issues and a possible future perspective associated with nanomicelles are also discussed here. © 2009 Future Medicine Ltd.