Browsing by Author "Anand Kumar Gaurav"

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Alpinia officinarum
(Elsevier, 2020) Arpan Mukherjee; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Saurabh Singh; Koustav Chatterjee; Akhilesh Kumar; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma
Alpinia officinarum Hance (galanga) is a perennial ginger family plant. Galanga has been traditionally used for many years to treat several different diseases including cold, pain, inflammation, stomach ache, and microbial infection, and it also works as an antioxidant and anticancer agent. Different parts of A. officinarum have been used either directly or by processing through different methods for treatment. Plant parts like rhizomes, leaves, aerial parts, and roots of galanga were extracted both in polar and nonpolar solvents to induce the disease control property. Flavonoid extract of this plant is more effective in all kinds of disease. This chapter summarizes the application of A. officinarum in curing different diseases from microbial infection to neural disease. Our main focus in this chapter is on the mechanism of galanga on curing Alzheimer disease. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chickpea seed endophyte Enterobacter sp. mediated yield and nutritional enrichment of chickpea for improving human and livestock health
(Frontiers Media SA, 2024) Arpan Mukherjee; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Saurabh Singh; Ankita Sarkar; Saman Abeysinghe; Jay Prakash Verma
Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) are used as a good source of proteins and energy in the diets of various organisms including humans and animals. Chickpea straws can serve as an alternative option for forage for different ruminants. This research mainly focussed on screening the effects of adding beneficial chickpea seed endophytes on increasing the nutritional properties of the different edible parts of chickpea plants. Two efficient chickpea seed endophytes (Enterobacter sp. strain BHUJPCS-2 and BHUJPCS-8) were selected and applied to the chickpea seeds before sowing in the experiment conducted on clay pots. Chickpea seeds treated with both endophytes showed improved plant growth and biomass accumulation. Notably, improvements in the uptake of mineral nutrients were found in the foliage, pericarp, and seed of the chickpea plants. Additionally, nutritional properties such as total phenolics (0.47, 0.25, and 0.55 folds), total protein (0.04, 0.21, and 0.18 folds), carbohydrate content (0.31, 0.32, and 0.31 folds), and total flavonoid content (0.45, 027, and 0.8 folds) were increased in different parts (foliage, pericarp, and seed) of the chickpea plants compared to the control plants. The seed endophyte-treated plants showed a significant increase in mineral accumulation and improvement in nutrition in the different edible parts of chickpea plants. The results showed that the seed endophyte-mediated increase in dietary and nutrient value of the different parts (pericarp, foliage, and seeds) of chickpea are consumed by humans, whereas the other parts (pericarp and foliage) are used as alternative options for forage and chaff in livestock diets and may have direct effects on their nutritional conditions. Copyright © 2024 Mukherjee, Gaurav, Chouhan, Singh, Sarkar, Abeysinghe and Verma.
Developing eco-friendly endophytic bioinoculants for enhancing productivity and soil fertility in wheat
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Arpan Mukherjee; Saurabh Singh; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Babita Kumari; Jay Prakash Verma
The main aim of this study was to explore the potential role of wheat endophytic bacteria on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production and soil health management under pot and field trials. Seven plant growth-promoting putative endophytes were isolated from different wheat plant parts (root, shoot, leaf, and seed). We selected two effective bacterial strains, Pseudomonas sp. BHUJPV-WRO5 (from the “Pseudomonas koreensis” subgroup) originating from the root and Staphylococcus sp. BHUJPV-WLE7 isolated from leaf, based on plant growth-promoting traits like indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization. We conducted pot and field experiments with treatments T1 (uninoculated), T2 (Pseudomonas sp.), and T3 (Staphylococcus sp.). In pots, grain yield was higher with Pseudomonas sp. or S. xylosus than in the control. Similarly, grain yield in the field was increased with Pseudomonas sp. BHUJPV-WRO5 or Staphylococcus sp. BHUJPV-WLE7 compared with control. Pseudomonas sp. BHUJPV-WRO5 also resulted in higher soil electrical conductivity (both pot and field), total organic carbon (in field), soil contents in available N, P, and K (in pot and field), and potential activity in soil of alkaline phosphatase (pot and field), dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase (in pot). The effects of Staphylococcus sp. BHUJPV-WLE7 were smaller, with however, higher soil levels for electrical conductivity (in pot), total organic carbon (in field), available P (in pot and field), and higher potential activity of alkaline phosphatase (in pot) than control. Overall, the putative wheat endophytes effectively enhanced plant growth, crop productivity, and soil quality, and Pseudomonas stain is promising as a bio-inoculant for sustainable wheat production. © 2023 The Authors. Agronomy Journal © 2023 American Society of Agronomy.
Development of indigenous microbial consortium for biocontrol management
(Elsevier, 2020) Arpan Mukherjee; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma
Excessive use of chemicals as fertilizer in agriculture to induce crop production in recent year is a potent agent of environment pollution and a serious threat to health. A lot of alternative sources (biofertilizers, biopesticides, INM, IPM, PGPR/PGPM, vermicompost, green manuring, and crop rotation) are now available to minimize the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides. Different soil microbes have potential ability to improve the productivity and nutritional quality as well as soil fertility and health. To date, many reports are available on single or dual consortium of microbes used as biofertilizers and biopesticides for enhancing crop production. Most recently, phytomicrobiome studies are offering further insights into alternative use of biological intervention for enhancing agricultural production. Under this approaches the whole microbiome community is considered for multiple application for survival of plant under both normal and stress condition. That may be culturable and nonculturable microbes. Culturable microbes are able to enhance the plant growth via either direct or indirect mechanism including biological nitrogen fixation, solubilization of inorganic nutrient, production of phytohormones, siderophore, HCN, chitinase, and antibiotics and help to induce systemic resistance (ISR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against a wide group of plant pathogen to protect the plant. If microbial isolate exhibiting different properties are mixed together, it is possible that they enhance each other’s property. The use of such consortia in field inoculation has great potential to facilitate crop protection and enhance yield. Because single microbes can’t play different roles that help the crops for their growth and protection too, so we need a potential consortium for better yield and growth. Therefore the main aim of this chapter is to review and highlight the impact of microbial consortium for biocontrol management of plants. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Experiment tools used as a biostimulant for sustainable crop plants improvement and practices
(CRC Press, 2025) Tushar Goyal; Deepak Kumar; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Arpan Mukherjee; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Jay Prakash Prakash Verma
A variety of methods are employed experimentally as biostimulants to improve the quality, production, and growth of crops. Biostimulants are chemicals or microorganisms that, when ingested by plants, stimulate their physiological functions in a way that increases nutrient absorption, increases stress tolerance, and fosters development. Physical, chemical, and biological substances such as plant growth regulators, humic substances, amino acids, seaweed extracts, advantageous bacteria (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), silicon, and nanomaterials-based biostimulants are utilized as experimental biostimulants. These experimental approaches have been found to boost nutrient absorption and water usage effectiveness, and increase plant tolerance to various environmental stresses and photosynthesis, which in turn increases plant growth, yield, and quality. A promising strategy for sustainable agriculture is the application of these experimental instruments as biostimulants, which can lower the applications of agro-chemical fertilizers, herbicides and water while increasing crop yield and resistance to biotic and abiotic challenges. To completely comprehend the processes by which these experimental instruments act as biostimulants and to optimize their application in various crops and environmental situations, more study is still required. © 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
Harnessing bacterial strain from rhizosphere to develop indigenous PGPR consortium for enhancing lobia (Vigna unguiculata) production
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Jay Prakash Verma; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Arpan Mukherjee; Ram Krishna; Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo Pereira
The rhizosphere microbes play a key role in plant nutrition and health. However, the interaction of beneficial microbes and Vigna unguiculata (lobia) production remains poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to isolate and characterize the soil microbes from the rhizosphere and develop novel microbial consortia for enhancing lobia production. Fifty bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil samples of lobia. Finally, five effective strains (e.g., Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V1 and Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V2, Serratia marcescens IESDJP-V3, Bacillus cereus IESDJP-V4, Ochrobactrum sp. IESDJP-V5) were identified and molecularly characterized by 16 S rDNA gene amplification. All selected strains showed positive plant growth promoting (PGP) properties in broth culture. Based on morphological, biochemical, and plant growth promoting activities, five effective isolated strains and two collected strains (Azospirillum brasilense MTCC-4037 and Paenibacillus polymyxa BHUPSB17) were selected. The pot trials were conducted with seed inoculations of lobia (Vigna unguiculata) var. Kashi Kanchan with thirty treatments and three replications. The treatment combination T3 (Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V2), T14 (Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V2 + A. brasilense), T26 (Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V1+ B. cereus IESDJP-V4 + P. polymyxa) and T27 (IESDJP-V1+ IESDJP-V5+ A. brasilense) were recorded for enhancing plant growth attributes, yield, nutritional content like protein, total sugar, flavonoid and soil properties as compared to control and others. The effective treatments T3 (Pseudomonas sp.), T14 (Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V2 + A. brasilense), T26 (Pseudomonas sp. IESDJP-V1+ B. cereus IESDJP-V4 + P. polymyxa) and T27 (IESDJP-V1+ IESDJP-V5+ A. brasilense) recorded as potential PGPR consortium for lobia production. The treatment of single (Pseudomonas sp.), duel (IESDJP-V2 + A. brasilense) and triple combination (IESDJP-V1+ IESDJP-V4 + P. polymyxa) and (IESDJP-V1+ IESDJP-V5+ A. brasilense) can be further used for developing effective indigenous consortium for lobia production under sustainable farming practices. These PGPR bio-inoculant will be cost-effective, environment-friendly and socially acceptable. © 2023 The Authors
Harnessing of phytomicrobiome for developing potential biostimulant consortium for enhancing the productivity of chickpea and soil health under sustainable agriculture
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Arpan Mukherjee; Saurabh Singh; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo Pereira; Ajit Kumar Passari; Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem; Jay Prakash Verma
The main aim of the present work was to explore culturable bacteria and to develop potential microbial consortium as bio-inoculants for enhancing plant productivity, nutritional content, and soil health. For this study, we selected two bacterial strains e.g., Enterobacter hormaechei (BHUJPCS-15) and Brevundimonas naejangsanensis (BHUJPVCRS-1) based on plant growth-promoting activities We developed a consortium of both strains and estimated plant growth promotion (PGP) activity which recorded significant better production of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (61.53 μg/ml), siderophore (12.66%), ammonia (98.66 μg/ml), phosphate solubilisation (942.64 μg/ml), potassium solubilisation, and antagonistic activity against Fusarium sp. than individual bacterial strains. Bacterial consortium (E. hormaechei + B. naejangsanensis) treatment significantly enhanced plant growth attributes, grain yields, nutritional content in plant and seed, followed by E. hormaechei as compared to control. Seed treated with consortium recorded a significant increase in available N P K, enzymes and microbial communities in soils. Microbiome analysis revealed that the dominance of bacterial group and its functional properties is directly correlated with plant growth attributes, nutrient content, soil N P K, and enzyme activity. The relative abundance of bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (98%) was dominantly recorded in all treatments. The microbiome of seed and soil, treated with consortium (E. hormaechei + B. naejangsanensis) showed high amount of diversity of bacterial phyla Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria than E. hormaechei (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria) and control (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria). In soil, root and shoot, E. hormaechei treatment enriched ligninolytic, nitrogen fixation, cellulolytic, nitrate ammonification among other pathways. The main finding is that the consortium treated seed of chickpea recorded significant enhancement of plant growth attributes, productivity, nutritional content, and soil health as well as microbial colonization in soil and seed part. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Impact of bacterial volatiles on the plant growth attributes and defense mechanism of rice seedling
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Tushar Goyal; Arpan Mukherjee; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Deepak Kumar; Saman Abeysinghe; Jay Prakash Verma
Rice is a major dietary element for about two billion people worldwide and it faces numerous biotic and abiotic stress for its cultivation. Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae reduce up to 30 % rice yield. Overuse of synthetic chemicals raises concerns about health and environment; so, there is an urgent need to explore innovative sustainable strategies for crop productivity. The main aim of this study is to explore the impact of bacterial volatiles (BVCs) on seedling growth and defense mechanisms of rice under in-vitro condition. On the basis of plant growth promoting properties, six bacterial strains were selected out of ninety-one isolated strains for this study; Pantoea dispersa BHUJPVR01, Enterobacter cloacae BHUJPVR02, Enterobacter sp. BHUJPVR12, Priestia aryabhattai BHUJPVR13, Pseudomonas sp. BHUJPVWRO5 and Staphylococcus sp. BHUJPVWLE7. Through the emission of bacterial volatiles compounds (BVCs), Enterobacter sp., P. dispersa and P. aryabhattai significantly reduces the growth of rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae by 69.20 %, 66.15 % and 62.31 % respectively. Treatment of rice seedlings with BVCs exhibited significant enhancement in defence enzyme levels, including guaiacol peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids by a maximum of up to 24 %, 48 %, 116 % and 80 %, respectively. Furthermore, BVCs effectively promote shoot height, root height, and root counts of rice. All BVCs treated plant showed a significant increase in shoot height. P. dispersa treated plants showed the highest increase of 60 % shoot and 110 % root length, respectively. Root counts increased up to 30% in plants treated with E. cloacae and Staphylococcus sp. The BVCs can be used as a sustainable approach for enhancing plant growth attributes, productivity and defence mechanism of rice plant under biotic and abiotic stresses. © 2024
Molecular characterization of monocrotophos and chlorpyrifos tolerant bacterial strain for enhancing seed germination of vegetable crops
(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma; Ram Krishna; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Janardan Yadav
The main aim of this study is to investigate the toxicity of organophosphate (OPs) insecticides monocrotophos (MCP) and chlorpyrifos (CLS) on plant growth promoting (PGP) properties and seed germination of brinjal, tomato and okra vegetables inoculated by Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans (BHUJP-P1), Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (BHUJP-P2), Bacillus licheniformis (BHUJP-P3) and Bacillus cereus (BHUJP-P4). Maximum increase in microbial growth (52.6% & 47.9%) with enhanced EPS production (447.67 mg/ml & 75.00 mg/ml) was showed by BHUJP-P4 and BHUJP-P3 at 10× dose of MCP and CLS over control, BHUJP-2 and BHUJP-P1 respectively. Simultaneously, both strains recorded minimum reduction in PGP activities and seed germination at 3× dose of both insecticides as compared to BHUJP-2 and BHUJP-P1, respectively. Strains BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 showed 83 and 81% of monocrotophos degradation at 50 mg/kg concentration; 81 and 80% at 150 mg/kg concentration within 5days respectively. Concurrently, these strains BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 were recorded 53 and 90% of chlorpyrifos degradation at 50 mg/kg concentration; 49% and 87% at 100 mg/kg concentration within 72 h, respectively. The OPs insecticide degrading gene opdA and opd was found in strain BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4, respectively. The multifarious biological activities of strain BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 showed maximum tolerance against insecticide, and minimum reduction in P-solubilisation, IAA, siderophore and HCN production for plant growth promotion and biological control under insecticide stress. Thus, these novel isolates may be used as biodegradation of organophosphate insecticide and plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) inoculum for enhancing seed germination of vegetables under stress insecticide. These novel strains will be environment friendly, socially acceptable and economically viable. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agricultural Applications
(Springer Nature, 2023) Saurabh Singh; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Arpan Mukherjee; Akhilesh Kumar; Jay Prakash Verma
Engineered nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to their successful implementation in different fields such as health, industry, and the space sector. Sustainable agriculture is a continuously evolving practice of various technologies working in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner. Further, recent advancements in sustainable agriculture practices can be attributed to nanotechnologies applied for different purposes in agricultural sectors. Studies suggest that nanoparticles of various materials can induce positive or negative effects on many plant growth parameters and regulate their hormones. Plant hormones such as auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, and abscisic acid can be regulated through nanoparticles to maintain plant growth, especially in stressful conditions for plants. Studies also suggest that these engineered nanoparticles exert a toxic effect on soil enzyme properties such as dehydrogenase, urease, and phosphatase that may negatively affect plant growth and also degrade soil quality in the long run. Further, many nano-based technologies used for disease control and pest control have also come into the picture. In this chapter, the readers will gain deep insights into nanotechnology for plant growth and disease control with sustainable agriculture practices in mind, exploring different technologies in practice and constraints related to them. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Biological Tools for the Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Plants
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2020) Akhilesh Kumar; Saurabh Singh; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Sudhakar Srivastava; Jay Prakash Verma
Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic stresses threatening sustainable crop production worldwide. The extent of salinity affected area is expected to cover about 50% of total agricultural land by 2050. Salinity stress produces various detrimental effects on plants’ physiological, biochemical, and molecular features and reduces productivity. The poor plant growth under salinity stress is due to reduced nutrient mobilization, hormonal imbalance, and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ionic toxicity, and osmotic stress. Additionally, salinity also modulates physicochemical properties and reduces the microbial diversity of soil and thus decreases soil health. On the other hand, the demand for crop production is expected to increase in coming decades owing to the increasing global population. Conventional agricultural practices and improved salt-tolerant crop varieties will not be sufficient to achieve the yields desired in the near future. Plants harbor diverse microbes in their rhizosphere, and these have the potential to cope with the salinity stress. These salinity-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) assist the plants in withstanding saline conditions. These plant-associated microbes produce different compounds such as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), antioxidants, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and volatile organic compounds (VOC). Additionally, the naturally associated microbiome of plants has the potential to protect the host through stress avoidance, tolerance, and resistance strategies. Recent developments in microbiome research have shown ways in which novel microbe-assisted technologies can enhance plant salt tolerance and enable higher crop production under saline conditions. This focused review article presents the global scenario of salinity stress and discusses research highlights regarding PGPB and the microbiome as a biological tool for mitigation of salinity stress in plants. © Copyright © 2020 Kumar, Singh, Gaurav, Srivastava and Verma.
Plant-Microbe Interactions Significance in Sustainable Agriculture
(CRC Press, 2022) Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Saurabh Singh; Arpan Mukherjee; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Jay Prakash Verma
Plant–microbe interaction is a key process that determines the survivability of plants. The plants are covered by numerous microbes and interact with them to bring about various adaptations against environmental stresses. The microbial density in the rhizosphere region is maximum and plays a major role in providing nutrients to the plants. The diversity of microbes and their interaction with plants are greatly affected by various physical, chemical, and biological factors, which is reflected in plants' growth. The interaction between microbes and plants can either be beneficial or pathogenic, depending on the dominance of the type of microbes inhabiting. When there is a deficiency of beneficial microbes or dominance of pathogenic microbes, deformities are reflected in the plants. The supplementation of beneficial microbes to the plant for their better growth and development is done in biofertilizer application. There are various ways in which beneficial microbes of the plants perform their activity when supplemented to the plants such as rhizoremediation that involves secretion of root exudates which help in performing various interactions with the root environment; biocontrol activity, when microbes are supplemented which help in preventing the development of pathogenic microbes in the surrounding environment. The harnessing of microbes and its application to plants is key to the development of sustainable agricultural practices. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Gustavo Molina, Zeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Abdelaziz Yasri, Vijai Kumar Gupta; individual chapters, the contributors.
Plant-specific microbiome for environmental stress management: Issues and challenges
(Elsevier, 2020) Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Arpan Mukherjee; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma
Plants are always subjected to face environmental stress factors such as biotic and abiotic stress from seed sowing to plant harvesting. These factors affect plants and cause severe losses in agriculture production around the world. Moreover, vigorous use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides in shrinking farmland presents additional risk, which causes detrimental effects on the environment and ultimately on human health. To overcome these problems, researchers are involved to use plant-specific microbiome, which can provide tolerance to the plants under both biotic and abiotic stress conditions and can solve the problem of lower agriculture production. In fact, application of plant-specific microbiome as an inoculant in agriculture fields presents alternative strategies, which will enhance future agriculture production around the world. On the other hand the demand of agriculture production for food and nutrient security with a growing global population is also causing pressure of how the use of microbiome can enhance crop yield and reduce losses due to environmental stresses. In this chapter, we highlight the plant-specific microbiome that may provide effective and sustainable increase crop production under both biotic and abiotic stress conditions and will ultimately lead to food and nutrient security around the world. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Rhizosphere soil microbiomes: As driver of agriculture commodity and industrial application
(Elsevier, 2020) Ram Krishna; Saurabh Singh; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Major Singh; Jay Prakash Verma
Of late a term microbiome in the study of microbial ecology has helped in establishing a holistic understanding of the role of earth’s microbial community (bacteria, archaea, lower and higher eukaryotes, and viruses). Its genome has revolutionized environmental issues, crop yields, biomanufacturing, and healthcare. Microbiomes in biosphere and humans are a key component in sustaining life amidst the arising challenges of the 21st century such as soil fertility, food insecurity, diseases, and worldwide energy crisis. A better understanding of the resilience of microbiomes could lead to new innovations in the areas of agriculture, energy, health, and environment. But due to lack of advance tools and technology, scientists argue about predictive and actionable understanding of global microbiome processes. Hence a group of microbiologists proposed an interdisciplinary Unified Microbiome Initiative (UMI) to discover and use advance tools to understand and harness the capabilities of earth’s microbial ecosystems. UMI would enable scientists to understand global microbial processes, at function levels, like increasing soil fertility (soil microbiome), enhancing the yield of crops (plant microbiome), geochemical cycling of nutrients (oceanic microbiome), and maintaining the health of an individual (gut microbiome). By focusing on the research striving to find the answers to some of the fundamental questions in microbiome studies like evolution and ecology of microbiomes and challenge and opportunities associated with microbiome-functional diversity in times of global change in context of agro ecology (like nutrient management and development of effective consortia of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), industry, and human welfare (bioremediation and phytoremediation of xenobiotic compounds and human and host fitness), microbiomes can be developed as an effective microbial consortia to resolve problems like soil health, food security, climate change, and human health at global level. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The bioactive potential of phytohormones: A review
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Arpan Mukherjee; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Saurabh Singh; Shweta Yadav; Shiuly Bhowmick; Saman Abeysinghe; Jay Prakash Verma
Plant hormones play an important role in growth, defence and plants productivity and there are several studies on their effects on plants. However, their role in humans and animals is limitedly studied. Recent studies suggest that plant hormone also works in mammalian systems, and have the potential to reduce human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and also improve cell growth. Plant hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) works as an antitumor, anti-cancer agent, gibberellins help in apoptosis, abscisic acid (ABA) as antidepressant compounds and regulation of glucose homeostasis whereas cytokinin works as an anti-ageing compound. The main aim of this review is to explore and correlate the relation of plant hormones and their important roles in animals, microbes and plants, and their interrelationships, emphasizing mainly human health. The most important and well-known plant hormones e.g., IAA, gibberellins, ABA, cytokinin and ethylene have been selected in this review to explore their effects on humans and animals. © 2022
Unlocking the potential plant growth-promoting properties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed endophytes bio-inoculants for improving soil health and crop production
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2021) Arpan Mukherjee; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Amit Kumar Patel; Saurabh Singh; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Ayush Lepcha; Arthur Prudêncio de A. Pereira; Jay Prakash Verma
Sustainable agronomic practices are tried all over the world to promote safe and eco-friendly crop production. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of seed endophytic bacteria and its consortium on soil biochemical property and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under field and pot conditions are investigated. Both the experimental results proved a significant increase in total soil organic carbon (OC), electric conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), and soil nutrients like available N, P, and K content and important soil enzymes like dehydrogenase (DHA), beta glucosidase, alkaline phosphate, urease, and microbial population in soil was observed under the Enterobacter hormaechei BHUJPCS-15 (T1), Enterobacter cloacae BHUJPCS-21 (T2), and combined T3 (consortium of T1 and T2) treatments. Similarly, a significant increase in the grain yield (27–45% and 57–73%) in microbial treatment was found in pot and field experiments, respectively, than in control. In addition, whereas the higher plant biomass (14–38% and 42–78%) was recorded in treated plant over the control plant. Similarly, the plant photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b, total Chl) were increased in microbial treated plant than the control untreated chickpea plant. Consortium of endophytes were recorded effective result for enhancing plant growth attributes, productivity, and soil health. The consortium can be further used as biofertilizers for sustainable chickpea production. Our present study highlights the significance of sustainable agronomic practices for improving the soil quality and agricultural yield while reducing adverse impacts of chemicals by the use of seed endophytic microbes and its consortium. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Yeast a potential bio-agent: future for plant growth and postharvest disease management for sustainable agriculture
(Springer, 2020) Arpan Mukherjee; Jay Prakash Verma; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Jai Singh Patel; Abd El-Latif Hesham
The native microbial flora and fauna are replaced by commercial chemical fertilizers and pesticides, in the current agricultural system. Imbalance of beneficial microbial diversity and natural competitors increases the severity of plant diseases. Hence, sustainable agricultural practices like bio-inoculant, stress tolerant consortium, crop rotation and mix cropping sequences is only the solution of recharging the microbial population in soils to make healthier for crop productivity and suppression of soil borne phytopathogen. Microorganisms use several direct mechanism activities, e.g. production of plant hormones (indole-3-acetic acid), ammonium, siderophore and nutrient solubilization, and indirect mechanism activities, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, chitinase, protease and antibiotic for plant growth promotion. The plant growth-promoting effect of bacteria, fungi, mycorrhizal fungi and algae is widely explored. Yeast is a single-celled microbe classified as members of the kingdom fungi. Yeast and their product use in the food industry, medical science and biotechnological research purpose but very few literatures reported that yeasts have the ability to produce a group of plant growth-promoting activities and biocontrolling activity. Therefore, the main aim of this mini review is to highlight the application of yeasts as biological agents in different sectors of sustainable farming practices. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.