Browsing by Author "Anandkumar Naorem"

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Energy Use and Economic Evaluation Under Conservation and Organic Farming
(Springer Nature, 2023) Anandkumar Naorem; M. Jaison; P. Helena Chanu; Abhishek Patel; Truptimayee Suna; Shiva Kumar Udayana; Somasundaram Jayaraman
Organic farming is one of the approaches that can contribute to food and nutritional safety in sustainable agriculture. Organic farming has been reported to be more efficient and effective in lessening of greenhouse gases emissions, soil and water pollution, and also threat of human health as compared to conventional farming production system. Hence the farm level analysis of conventional and organic farming is most required to prompt the farmers and policymakers to prefer the most economical viable farming practices. This chapter aims at upgrading the current state of knowledge on organic-conventional debate and identifying the most efficient system in energy consumption and economic aspect. It is reasonable to assume that organic agriculture uses less energy than conventional methods because it is more comprehensive and thus more sustainable. However, a growing body of literature has been presenting some differences in this regard, providing some illumination of debates. Also, it’s not a new phenomenon to have discussions about the financial implications of buying organic food. Therefore, this chapter compares and contrasts conventional and organic systems in terms of energy use and cost. The purpose of this chapter is to improve our understanding of the organic vs. conventional argument and to determine which system is more cost-effective and energy-efficient. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Green Nanomaterials for a Sustainable Future Environment
(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Anandkumar Naorem; A. Patel; A. Bhaguna; S. Sharma; A. Singh; N. Priya; P.H. Chanu; R. Patel; P. Singh; M. Jaison; B. Sahu; G. Sahu; S.K. Udayana
Nanotechnology has been widely applied in several areas including fertilization, environmental remediation, chemical industry power generation, etc. However, the increasing use of novel nanomaterials has also increased the concern of possible human health and environment-related threats. Therefore, green nanomaterials are developed using an environmentally benign process to reduce these risks associated with long-term use of nanomaterials in the environment. There is a recognized body of literature that highlights the use of algae, plants, fungi, bacteria, and even viruses to construct affordable, energy-efficient, and nontoxic nanomaterials. These green nanomaterials can be explored to manage, mitigate, or remediate soil water and air pollution or to improve the conventional technologies. With low energy consumption during the synthesis of green nanomaterials, it is expected to solve a part of environmental issues with the application of green nanotechnology. This chapter addresses the applications and limitations of green nanomaterials in light of sustainability and cleaner future environment. © 2024 Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Unravelling the Significance of ACC-Deaminase in Sustainable Arid Soil Management
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Anandkumar Naorem; Abhishek Patel; Shiva Kumar Udayana; M. Ashajyoti; P. Helena; Truptimayee Suna
Drought stress is one of the most key environmental stresses that limit crop productivity, especially in dryland soils. The stress caused by low soil water availability could lead to huge economic losses. Such issues demand a sustainable approach that could either increase the tolerance of the crops to low water stress or increase water availability, which is of high concern during the era of climate change. Mining the beneficial microbes from soils and plants for their multifaceted activities could stimulate crop growth and enhance drought tolerance. The drought stress often results in an increased accumulation of ethylene in the crop, reducing the crop growth and yield. Soil dwelling beneficial microbes could play an imperative role in this regard. These microbes produce an enzyme, ACC-deaminase (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase) that are produced in response to the increased load of ethylene in the plant. The main reason for releasing this remarkable enzyme under a stressed environment is to break the ACC (an immediate precursor of ethylene) to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate, which are further utilised as nitrogen sources by the microbes. The conversion of ACC to these by-products lowers the ethylene levels in the plants and reduces drought stress. Therefore, understanding and unravelling the importance of ACC-deaminase producing microbes will benefit crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.