Browsing by Author "Anjali"

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Bacillus subtilis-Mediated Induction of Disease Resistance and Promotion of Plant Growth of Vegetable Crops
(Springer, 2024) Sumit Kumar; Anjali; R. Arutselvan; Prahlad Masurkar; Udai B. Singh; Ruchi Tripathi; Ingudam Bhupenchandra; Tatiana Minkina; Chetan Keswani
Vegetable crops are the major nutrient source of food worldwide and are considered as perishable crops compared to cereal, oilseed, and legume crops. They play a crucial role in daily human life because they contain a plethora of immunity-boosting compounds like vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, and crucial macro- and micronutrients important for human life. India contributes 16% global vegetable crop production, making it as second-largest producer globally. Vegetable crop production is significantly limited because, during their whole lives, they are attacked by an armada of noxious pathogens that reduce quality and quantity as well as suppress the current food supply. Synthetic chemicals are frequently used, which has detrimental impacts on macro- and microflora as well as the environment and human wellbeing. A continuous increment in the population of resistant pathogens to chemicals puts pressure on pathologists to investigate novel, sustainable, and best alternative methods to combat dangerous microbes. From the various kinds of plant disease management prospects, the implication of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, i.e. PGPRs, is becoming an effective substitute strategy worldwide because of their environmentally friendly nature. One of the most promising PGPRs representing sustainable agriculture growth is Bacillus subtilis, which has been suggested as a potential tool for combating harmful vegetable diseases with respect to promoting plant health and growth. B. subtilis has the ability to produce a diverse range of compounds to promote plant growth and suppress pathogen ingression, which makes it a potential candidate. Furthermore, B. subtilis enhances plant immunity against pathogen infection by triggering the response via induced systemic resistance (ISR). Additionally, B. subtilis promotes plant growth via different mechanisms of action, such as nitrogen fixation, phytohormonal production, and phosphate solubilisation. In this chapter, a comprehensive study on the application of B. subtilis has been emphasized, with a focus on uses in the promotion of plant growth and controlling vegetable crop health issues. It would undoubtedly assist vegetable growers in reducing their reliance on agrochemicals while also providing profound perceptions and highlights on the environmentally friendly management of vegetable diseases. Farmers will be benefitted from cost-effective management once they have a better understanding of the management strategy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Connecting Climate-Resilient Farming Practices with Regenerative Agriculture for Enhancing Productivity, Profitability, and Environmental Security
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Rajeswari Das; Ajay Kumar Mishra; Vivek Manyapu; Shiveshwar Pratap Singh; Biswabara Sahu; Sangita Limma; Anjali; Subhrajyoti Mishra; Monalisha Sahoo; S. H. Sharma
The sustainability of diverse agro-ecologies at the global and regional scale is threatened by multifaceted challenges offered by climate change and food insecurity due to poverty, hunger, obesity, corporate dominance, a lack of resilience, industrial farming, an overreliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, poor food quality, environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, unfair labor practices, and animal welfare. Greenhouse gas emissions and soil degradation compound the ill effects of climate change on livelihood security. To address these challenges a paradigm shift from conventional agriculture to regenerative agriculture is required. The transition from conventional to climate-resilient agriculture and translation into regenerative agriculture focuses on the environmental aspect of sustainability, which includes increased nutrient cycling, improved soil health, optimal resource management, reduced climate change, and improved water quality and availability. This chapter addresses constraints and pathways for improving food security by provisioning food, feed, and fibre; regulating climate, soil erosion, and water purification; and supporting nutrient cycling and soil formation. Furthermore, this appraisal highlights the significance of integrated farming practices along with soil and crop diversification options to improve the livelihoods of small and marginal farmers. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Monitoring long-term storage of CO2 in a gas and condensate field in the North Sea off the coast of Norway using seismic methods
(Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2025) Ajay Pratap Singh; Satya Prakash Maurya; Ravi Kant; Brijesh M.N. Kumar; Gopal Hema; Manoj Kumar Srivastava; Abhay Kumar; Anjali; Shoharat; Rohit Chaurasia; Anupama Sharma; Ankita Devi; Swarnima Pandey
The rising concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere drives climate change, prompting the development of various mitigation strategies. One approach involves injecting CO2 into hydrocarbon reservoirs for long-term storage. For long-term storage, one needs to monitor the injected CO2 to see the CO2 storage location and detect any leakage. This study focuses on the monitoring of injected CO2 in the Utsira Formation from a gas and condensate field in the Sleipner Field off the coast of Norway. The monitoring of injected CO2 is carried out using seismic inversion techniques of time-lapse data acquired over the injected zone at different time intervals. Seismic inversion techniques transform seismic reflection data into quantitative acoustic impedance models of the subsurface. The objective of the present study is to compare model-based inversion, band-limited inversion (BLI), maximum likelihood inversion, linear programming inversion (LPI) and sparse layer reflectivity inversion (SLRI) approaches to monitor CO2. All inversion techniques show consistent results, with low impedance values ranging from 2115 to 5275 m/s*g/cm3 in the Utsira Formation. Among these techniques, SLRI and LPI outperform traditional methods by offering high-resolution imaging of CO2 migration pathways, making them particularly effective for early leak detection and reducing uncertainties in reservoir modeling. By enhancing storage security and predictive modeling, these methodologies significantly contribute to the scalability and reliability of carbon capture and storage as a critical tool in combating climate change. This research not only strengthens the scientific foundation of seismic monitoring techniques but also provides practical recommendations for optimizing subsurface CO2 storage assessment methods. © 2025 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.
Role of plant secondary metabolites in defence and transcriptional regulation in response to biotic stress
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Anjali; Sumit Kumar; Tulasi Korra; Rajneesh Thakur; R. Arutselvan; Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap; Yasser Nehela; Victor Chaplygin; Tatiana Minkina; Chetan Keswani
Secondary metabolites in plants have been recognized as a novel basis of potential bio-pesticides, paving the way for their use in sustainable agriculture. Plant secondary metabolites have pivotal roles in plant-pathogen interactions. Some important secondary metabolites of plants are terpenoids, flavanols, flavones, etc., are stress-inducible phytochemicals playing an important role in plant immune response development. Pathogen enters into host cell, multiply and utilise the biological mechanism of plants, causing a hazard to world food assembly. Under stressed circumstances, plants evolve a powerful and intricate system of growth and defensive action. On the other hand, transcription factors (TFs) assist host plants to counter adverse environments by acting as mediators of stress signal and regulating the stress-responsive gene expression. The transcriptional and post-transcriptional manipulation of transcriptional factors is capable of aid in molecular breeding and genetic modification meant for improved secondary metabolite synthesis. Although the presence of numerous secondary metabolites has been established in plant life, very slight is known about their interaction with pathogens and the specific mechanisms involved in leading to plant immunity. Chemical pesticides are wreaking havoc on our environment. As a consequence, environmental-friendly alternatives to disease management, like plant-based metabolites, should be explored. In this appraisal, we have reviewed plant secondary metabolites in relation to pathogens, their contribution to innate immunity, mechanism of action, and regulation of TFs in response to combating plant infections in an eco-friendly approach. © 2023 The Authors
Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Pseudocercospora abelmoschi, a causal agent of black leaf mould of okra
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Shagun Sinha; Sudhir Navathe; Anjali; Shubham Vishwakarma; Priyanka Prajapati; Ramesh Chand; Ravindra Nath Kharwar
Pseudocercospora abelmoschi causes black mould on the leaves of okra. The disease is prevalent post-rainy season when high moisture and warm temperatures prevail. Severe defoliation is observed during favourable environments, leading to a significant loss in productivity. Based on the importance of the pathogen agriculturally, the P. abelmoschi isolate Cer 86 − 18 (MCC:9491) was selected for genome sequencing. The genome assembly of P. abelmoschi resulted in a genome of 31.90 Mb with an overall GC content of 54.26%. Quantitative genome assessment using BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs) identified 1,664 (97.53%) complete BUSCOs, reflecting a high representation of conserved genes with minimal duplication and strong orthologous uniqueness. Gene prediction analysis identified 11,325 protein-coding genes, of which 3,857 were annotated using the KEGG database. As per analyses, 410 genes were predicted to encode carbohydrate-active enzymes, whereas 369 genes were predicted to encode peptidases. Eighteen gene clusters involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis were also identified. A total of 143 proteins were predicted to be effectors using the in-silico pipeline. This is the first report on the genome organisation of P. abelmoschi. This study was designed to address this gap by enhancing our understanding of the genome organisation of P. abelmoschi and gene annotation, thereby paving the way for functional genomics studies, such as identifying virulence genes to aid in resistance breeding. Also, this genome could be another addition to the available genomic resources of the genus Pseudocercospora and can provide valuable insights into host-pathogen interactions and evolutionary relationships. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.