Browsing by Author "Anjani Kumar"

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Anti-neoplastic action of aspirin against a T-cell lymphoma involves an alteration in the tumour microenvironment and regulation of tumour cell survival
(2012) Anjani Kumar; Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma; Abhishek Tyagi; Alok Chandra Bharti; Sukh Mahendra Singh
The present study explores the potential of the anti-neoplastic action of aspirin in a transplantable murine tumour model of a spontaneously originated T-cell lymphoma designated as Dalton's lymphoma. The antitumour action of aspirin administered to tumour-bearing mice through oral and/or intraperitoneal (intratumoral) routes was measured via estimation of survival of tumour-bearing mice, tumour cell viability, tumour progression and changes in the tumour microenvironment. Intratumour administration of aspirin examined to assess its therapeutic potential resulted in retardation of tumour progression in tumour-bearing mice. Oral administration of aspirin to mice as a prophylactic measure prior to tumour transplantation further primed the anti-neoplastic action of aspirin administered at the tumour site. The anti-neoplastic action of aspirin was associated with a decline in tumour cell survival, augmented induction of apoptosis and nuclear shrinkage. Tumour cells of aspirin-treated mice were found arrested in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and showed nuclear localization of cyclin B1. Intratumoral administration of aspirin was accompanied by alterations in the biophysical, biochemical and immunological composition of the tumour microenvironment with respect to pH, level of dissolved O2, glucose, lactate, nitric oxide, IFNγ (interferon γ ), IL-4 (interleukin-4), IL-6 and IL-10, whereas the TGF-β (tumour growth factor-β) level was unaltered. Tumour cells obtained from aspirin-treated tumourbearing mice demonstrated an altered expression of pH regulators monocarboxylate transporter-1 and V-ATPase along with alteration in the level of cell survival regulatory molecules such as survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor, heat-shock protein 70, glucose transporter-1, SOCS-5 (suppressor of cytokine signalling-5), HIF-1α (hypoxiainducible factor-1α) and PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis). The study demonstrates a possible indirect involvement of the tumour microenvironment in addition to a direct but limited anti-neoplastic action of aspirin in the retardation of tumour growth.
Artificial light harvesting gel based on saponification-triggered gelation of aggregation-induced emissive BODIHYs
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Durgendra Yadav; Vishwa Deepak Singh; Ashish Kumar Kushwaha; Anjani Kumar; Roop Shikha Singh
The present work provides a detailed study on saponification-triggered gelation of ester-based BODIHYs (B1 and B2) derived from ethyl 4-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl(cyano)methylene)-hydrazinyl)-benzoate (L1) and diethyl 5-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl(cyano)methylene)hydrazinyl)-isophthalate (L2). The ligands and BODIHYs display good emission in the solution and solid states. This study describes the gelation of BODIHYs for the first time, wherein stable gels GL2 and GB2 were prepared via saponification-triggered gelation of L2 and B2, respectively. The gelation and optical properties of the ligands and BODIHYs were compared through single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. This work further explores the prospect of artificial light harvesting (ALH) via fabrication of ALHSs in the solution {B1/rhodamine B (RhB) and B2/RhB} and gel states (GB2/RhB). It was observed that in the presence of RhB, the emission intensities of BODIHYs and the gel decreased but those of RhB increased. The significant overlapping between the absorption spectrum of RhB and emission spectra of aggregates/gel suggests the possibility of energy transfer via noncovalent interactions. In these systems, B1, B2 and GB2 served as donors, whereas RhB served as an acceptor. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Effect of aspirin administration on reversal of tumor-induced suppression of myelopoiesis in T-cell lymphoma bearing host
(2012) Anjani Kumar; Alok Chandra Bharti; Sukh Mahendra Singh
The present investigation studied the effect of aspirin administration in tumor-bearing hosts on bone marrow cellularity and myelopoiesis. Aspirin administration to mice bearing a transplantable T-cell lymphoma, designated as Dalton's lymphoma (DL), augmented proliferation of bone marrow cells (BMC). BMC of aspirin-administered tumor-bearing mice were found to be predominantly in the S phase of cell cycle releasing them from G0/G1 arrest. Aspirin-exposed BMC also showed an altered expression of survival and cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, bcl2, caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD), cyclin B1 and cyclin D. Moreover, the BMC of aspirin-administered tumor-bearing mice showed an augmented colony-forming ability and differentiation in the macrophage lineage with an activated phenotype of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) with respect to macrophage-mediated tumoricidal activity and production of nitric oxide, IL-1β, TNFα and VEGF. On the other hand aspirin administration to normal mice showed little effect on bone marrow cellularity and myeloid differentiation. In this model, aspirin had a myelopoetic action in tumor-bearing host. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
Gender-specific antitumor action of aspirin in a murine model of a T-cell lymphoma bearing host
(2012) Anjani Kumar; Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma; Alok Chandra Bharti; Sukh Mahendra Singh
Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug demonstrated to possess a tremendous anticancer potential. As progression of some tumors is influenced by sex hormones, we investigated if the antineoplastic action of aspirin shows gender dependence. Using a murine model of T-cell lymphoma, the present investigation was undertaken to study if the antitumor actions of aspirin against lymphoma cells display gender dimorphism. The findings of the present investigation indicate that aspirin administration to male and female tumor-bearing hosts resulted in gender dependent differential tumor growth retardation. Such gender dichotomy of aspirin's antitumor action was associated with a differential impact on cell cycle progression and expression of cell survival regulatory molecules. Aspirin administration was also found to modulate crucial parameters of tumor microenvironment, including contents of glucose, lactate and cell growth regulatory cytokines, in a gender specific manner. Aspirin was found to reverse estrogen-dependent augmentation of tumor cell survival in vitro. Taken together the results of the present study suggest that the antineoplastic action of aspirin is gender-dependent and should be considered in designing of gender-specific therapeutic applications of aspirin. © 2011 Elsevier Inc..
Hyperglycemia of tumor microenvironment modulates stage-dependent tumor progression and multidrug resistance: Implication of cell survival regulatory molecules and altered glucose transport
(2013) Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma; Anjani Kumar; Vivek Singh; Sukh Mahendra Singh
Using a murine tumor model, we demonstrate that tumor cells display a tumor stage-dependent differential glucose utilization associated with an altered GLUT-1 expression. Hyperglycemic tumor microenvironment modulates the tumorigenic ability, survival, apoptosis, and glucose utilization of tumor cells in late tumor-bearing stage accompanied by an altered tumor acidosis and expression of cell survival regulatory molecules: HIF-1α, p53, Bcl2, caspase-activated DNase, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and VEGF. Glucose-exposed tumor cells of late tumor-bearing stage also show a declined susceptibility to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic drugs: cisplatin and methotrexate, accompanied by an increased expression of MDR-1 gene. Taken together the results show that hyperglycemic tumor microenvironment differentially alters tumor growth depending on the stage of tumor progression. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lysosome-targeting solid state NIR emissive donor-acceptor molecules: a study on photophysical modulation through architectural distinction
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Ashish Kumar Kushwaha; Ankit Kumar Srivastava; Pradeep Kumar; Anjani Kumar; Saripella Srikrishna; Roop Shikha Singh
The prevalence of the D-A strategy in achieving red-shifted emission has been established through designing D-A molecules of D-A-D and A-D-A constructs. Architectural control over such D-A systems integrates solid state NIR emission with lysosome tracking and sets a multifarious goal of photophysical modulation in a comprehensive way. In particular, two compounds, CPM-1 (D-A-D) and CPM-2 (A-D-A), have been synthesized by introducing carbazole-based donors and difluoroboron acceptors. Lysosome targeting and imaging have been achieved through incorporation of a morpholine unit, which ultimately imparts viscosity sensitivity to the construct. The fluorophores exhibited significant emission in solution along with distinctive solvatochromism, viscochromism and TICT. A comparative account of these competitive photophysical properties revealed the superior charge transfer properties of the A-D-A construct (CPM-2), while the D-A-D molecule (CPM-1) was found to be a better molecular rotor with marked viscochromism. The solid state NIR emission has been found to be much more intense in CPM-1 relative to CPM-2, which further highlights the influence of structural aspects on photophysical behvaiour. Theoretical studies further established the distinctive characteristics of ground and excited states in these compounds. Owing to its excellent viscochromic behvaiour, CPM-1 has been successfully utilized in lysosome targeting in wild-type Drosophila fly gut tissues through co-localization studies. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Mechanochromism and aggregation-induced emission directed by donor strength in quinoxaline-based D-A molecules with application in latent fingerprinting and inkless writing
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) S. Dasaratha Kumar; Ankit Kumar Srivastava; Ashish Kumar Kushwaha; Anjani Kumar; Roop Shikha Singh
The molecular structure influences essential properties such as photoluminescence, charge transfer, and mechanical responsiveness, directly impacting material performance in optoelectronics, sensing, and bioimaging. The present work is a systematic effort to develop three organic molecules (QPA1, QPA2 and QPA3) having a donor-acceptor construct, wherein the charge transfer (CT) states were augmented with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. The synthesized molecules feature an aminophenyl group as the donor and formylated quinoxaline core as the acceptor. The variations in the donor strength on the aminophenyl core, from -H (QPA1) and -Me (QPA2) to -Ph (QPA3), profoundly and intricately modulated the AIE attribute as well as the CT states. QPA1 turns out to be an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) fluorophore, while QPA2 and QPA3 behave as AIEgens, with QPA3 showing superior efficiency. Furthermore, the charge transfer properties are modulated by donor strength, with QPA3 demonstrating a more pronounced intramolecular charge transfer response. QPA1-QPA3 molecules have significant solid-state emission and have shown mechanofluorochromic (MFC) behaviour in response to mechanical stress. The MFC response varies with the change in substituents. The excellent AIE activity of QPA3 has enabled its exploration for latent fingerprinting with three levels of detailing. The good contrast and brightness in the solid-state emission of QPA1 and QPA3 were further utilized for inkless writing application. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Myelopotentiating effect of curcumin in tumor-bearing host: Role of bone marrow resident macrophages
(2012) Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma; Anjani Kumar; Ajay Kumar; Shiva Kant; Alok Chandra Bharti; Sukh Mahendra Singh
The present investigation was undertaken to study if curcumin, which is recognized for its potential as an antineoplastic and immunopotentiating agent, can also influence the process of myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host. Administration of curcumin to tumor-bearing host augmented count of bone marrow cell (BMC) accompanied by an up-regulated BMC survival and a declined induction of apoptosis. Curcumin administration modulated expression of cell survival regulatory molecules: Bcl2, p53, caspase-activated DNase (CAD) and p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) along with enhanced expression of genes of receptors for M-CSF and GM-CSF in BMC. The BMC harvested from curcumin-administered hosts showed an up-regulated colony forming ability with predominant differentiation into bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), responsive for activation to tumoricidal state. The number of F4/80 positive bone marrow resident macrophages (BMM), showing an augmented expression of M-CSF, was also augmented in the bone marrow of curcumin-administered host. In vitro reconstitution experiments indicated that only BMM of curcumin-administered hosts, but not in vitro curcumin-exposed BMM, augmented BMC survival. It suggests that curcumin-dependent modulation of BMM is of indirect nature. Such prosurvival action of curcumin is associated with altered T H1/T H2 cytokine balance in serum. Augmented level of serum-borne IFN-γ was found to mediate modulation of BMM to produce enhanced amount of monokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α), which are suggested to augment the BMC survival. Taken together the present investigation indicates that curcumin can potentiate myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host, which may have implications in its therapeutic utility. © 2012 Elsevier Inc..
Ozone-Induced Alterations in Rhizospheric Nitrogen Pools and Their Implications for N2O Emissions in Rice Soil
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Ziom Adam Michael; Anjani Kumar; Ashish Kumar Dash; Rameswar Prasad Sah; Periyasamy Panneerselvam; Sangita R. Mohanty; Abhishek Kumar Sahu; Prashantkumar S. Hanjagi; Triyugi Nath; Narayan Panda; Panneerselvam Peramaiyan; Pratap Bhattacharyya; Amaresh Kumar Nayak
Elevated tropospheric ozone (O3) may alter nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from rice soils by affecting soil nitrogen pools and microbial activity. Understanding these interactions is essential for predicting the future behavior of rice ecosystems under elevated ozone stress. This study investigates the responses of N2O flux in relation to soil nitrogen (N) pools and microbial activity in rice soil subjected to four levels of elevated tropospheric O3 (UC (ambient [O3] in an open-field, 30 ± 5 ppb), CC (ambient [O3] within an open-top chamber (OTC), 30 ± 5 ppb), EO40 (elevated [O3] within an OTC, 40 ± 5 ppb), and EO60 (elevated [O3] within an OTC, 60 ± 5 ppb). Rice soil exposed to e[O3] exhibited significant reductions in microbial biomass nitrogen (29%), ammoniacal nitrogen (30%), and nitrate nitrogen (32%) concentration over ambient (CC). Rhizospheric denitrifier populations decreased by 11%, whereas seasonal N2O emission was decreased by 21% under e[O3] as compared to CC. The PLS-PM model revealed that nitrifiers and denitrifiers exert a direct influence on N₂O emissions, with a more pronounced effect under e[O3] conditions compared to the CC. These insights enhance our understanding of the complex interactions between soil, plants, and microbial communities in an O3-enriched environment. © 2025 International Ozone Association.
Priming effect of aspirin for tumor cells to augment cytotoxic action of cisplatin against tumor cells: Implication of altered constitution of tumor microenvironment, expression of cell cycle, apoptosis, and survival regulatory molecules
(2012) Anjani Kumar; Sukh Mahendra Singh
The present study was conducted to investigate if anti-inflammatory drug aspirin could alter the cytotoxic action of cisplatin on tumor cells. Using a transplantable T cell lymphoma in a murine model, we demonstrate that exposure to aspirin exerts a priming action on tumor cells, rendering them susceptible to induction of cell death by cisplatin with consequences on retardation of tumor progression. The priming action of aspirin on tumor cells was found to be dependent on an altered constitution of tumor microenvironment with respect to decline of acidosis and modulation in the expression of cell cycle and survival regulatory molecules like cyclin B1, cyclin D, bcl-2, bcl-xL, p53, and cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, IFN- γ & VEGF. The study also discusses possible mechanisms underlying augmentary action of aspirin on cisplatin-mediated tumor cells killing. This is the first report showing that pre-exposure of tumor cells to aspirin lowers the concentration of cisplatin to exert its cytotoxic action. The finding of this study will help in designing novel antitumor protocols with reduced dose of cisplatin. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Prospects and opportunities for exports of dairy products from India
(2011) Anjani Kumar; D.C. Rai; Khyali Ram Choudhary
The economic policy reforms triggered in India in 1991 were oriented towards liberalization and integration with the world economy. These policy initiatives of reforms and economic liberalization widened the market opportunities for international trade including the dairy products. In this context, this paper examines the issues of trade possibilities for India, in view of growing domestic consumption, augmented supply and growing international market for dairy products. The study revealed that growth in Indian dairy sector has been impressive and if the existing growth rate can be sustained, India can pursue export of dairy products more vigorously. The projected demand scenarios for domestic requirement of dairy products lend credence to this optimism. It has been clearly brought out that the dairy production is competitive in comparison with other countries. India further has a geographical advantage to serve milk deficit areas in neighbouring countries. The demand for milk products in these deficit countries is expected to be growing. India needs to capitalize on these advantages by improving quality and hygiene standards of the dairy products and bringing more efficiency in milk production and processing. India needs to develop more competitiveness in products which are being imported in countries like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal from other developed countries. For export to SAARC countries even some more liberal export policies may be explored.
Role of curcumin-dependent modulation of tumor microenvironment of a murine T cell lymphoma in altered regulation of tumor cell survival
(2011) Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma; Anjani Kumar; Sukh Mahendra Singh
Using a murine model of a T cell lymphoma, in the present study, we report that tumor growth retarding action of curcumin involves modulation of some crucial parameters of tumor microenvironment regulating tumor progression. Curcumin-administration to tumor-bearing host caused an altered pH regulation in tumor cells associated with alteration in expression of cell survival and apoptosis regulatory proteins and genes. Nevertheless, an alteration was also observed in biophysical parameters of tumor microenvironment responsible for modulation of tumor growth pertaining to hypoxia, tumor acidosis, and glucose metabolism. The study thus sheds new light with respect to the antineoplastic action of curcumin against a tumor-bearing host with progressively growing tumor of hematological origin. This will help in optimizing application of the drug and anticancer research and therapy. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Trends and volatility in domestic and international prices of livestock products in India
(2011) Anjani Kumar; D.C. Rai
The economic reform triggered during 1990s has facilitated the integration between domestic and international markets. The integration between domestic and international markets has important implications on social welfare. This paper analyse the trends and volatility in the prices of livestock products and the extent of transmission of international prices to domestic markets. The international prices of dairy products have been more volatile than domestic prices. The prices and the level instability of meat products were similar in both the markets. The transmission of global prices would help in reducing the domestic prices of meat products except bovine meat. The prices of bovine meat would increase as a consequence of transmission of prices from international to domestic markets.