Browsing by Author "Anjney Sharma"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Current and future prospects of nanoparticles to combat bacterial infections
(Elsevier, 2022) Dinesh Prasad Gond; Atul Srivastava; Subhashini; Anjney Sharma; Kumari Mrinalini
Bacterial infections are a major public health problem that result high morbidity and mortality. There are several options for antibacterial therapy, however, their efficacies are limited, particularly due to the developing resistance mechanism. In the past decade, a great advance in nanomedicine has shown promise for the treatment of bacterial infection. In the current perspective for medicine application or medical therapies, nanotechnology using nanoscale materials is increasingly being utilized for clinical applications, especially as a new paradigm to combat bacterial infections. The nanoparticles can act as antibacterial agents or carriers for loading antibacterial drugs to promote the bioavailability and effectiveness of antibiotics. Nanoparticles may penetrate the cell membrane of pathogenic microorganisms and interfere with important molecular pathways, formulating unique antimicrobial mechanisms. These particles have also demonstrated synergy in combination with optimal antibiotics and may aid in limiting the global crisis of emerging bacterial resistance. In the current chapter, we have highlighted and summarized the potentially significant impact of nanoparticles as antibacterial agents, the recent progress on the development of antibacterial nanoparticles, and the subsequent approaches and challenges for clinical applications. This chapter offers an overview of the current and future prospects of antibacterial nanosystems. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Endophytic Bacteria in Plant Salt Stress Tolerance: Current and Future Prospects
(Springer New York LLC, 2019) Anukool Vaishnav; Awadhesh K. Shukla; Anjney Sharma; Roshan Kumar; Devendra K. Choudhary
Soil salinity is a major limiting factor for crop productivity worldwide and is continuously increasing owing to climate change. A wide range of studies and practices have been performed to induce salt tolerance mechanisms in plants, but their result in crop improvement has been limited due to lack of time and money. In the current scenario, there is increasing attention towards habitat-imposed plant stress tolerance driven by plant-associated microbes, either rhizospheric and/or endophytic. These microbes play a key role in protecting plants against various environmental stresses. Therefore, the use of plant growth-promoting microbes in agriculture is a low-cost and eco-friendly technology to enhance crop productivity in saline areas. In the present review, the authors describe the functionality of endophytic bacteria and their modes of action to enhance salinity tolerance in plants, with special reference to osmotic and ionic stress management. There is concrete evidence that endophytic bacteria serve host functions, such as improving osmolytes, anti-oxidant and phytohormonal signaling and enhancing plant nutrient uptake efficiency. More research on endophytes has enabled us to gain insights into the mechanism of colonization and their interactions with plants. With this information in mind, the authors tried to solve the following questions: (1) how do benign endophytes ameliorate salt stress in plants? (2) What type of physiological changes incur in plants under salt stress conditions? And (3), what type of determinants produced by endophytes will be helpful in plant growth promotion under salt stress? © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Microbial biofilm: An advanced eco-friendly approach for bioremediation
(Elsevier, 2019) Anjney Sharma; Hena Jamali; Anukool Vaishnav; Balendu Shekhar Giri; Alok Kumar Srivastava
Microbial biofilm is a new emerging subject for microbiologists to work in the areas of environment, industry, agriculture, and health. Biofilms enhance the proliferation and colonization of microbes on surface and protect cells in an adverse environment. The potential of microbes surrounded by biofilms has recently been realized for bioremediation processes. The mutually beneficial interaction of multiple microorganisms in biofilms attracts attention toward xenobiotics and their uses in industrial plants to degrade pollutants. Microbial biofilms are using in different bioreactors and biofilters for pollutant degradation on a large scale. Although limited information is are available on bioremediation through microbial biofilms, this chapter presents the fundamental aspects of biofilms and their application in the bioremediation field. A better understanding of the role of microbial mechanisms in pollutant tolerance and their degradation can be beneficial for bioremediation strategies. Understanding the mechanisms and genes involved in biofilm formation will help to develop new strategies for bioremediation. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.