Browsing by Author "Anu Singh"

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A retrospective clinicopathological study of inherited bleeding disorders in a tertiary care centre of Uttar Pradesh
(Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2022) Deepa Rani; Pawan Pandey; Anu Singh; Sandip Kumar
BACKGROUND: Inherited Bleeding Disorders (IBD) include various disease that reflect abnormalities of primary and secondary hemostasis. The pathophysiology of these disorders can be explained on the basis of vessel wall abnormalities, platelet disorders and coagulation factor defects. To further elaborate and enhance our understanding on these disorders, a 6-year retrospective study (2014-2020) was conducted on the patients referred to the coagulation section of the Hematology Department (Department of Pathology, IMS BHU). These included the ones who had suffered from bleeding tendencies at one or more sites with other relevant clinical history. AIM:-This study was aimed to assess the prevalence, clinical spectrum, and haematological profile of inherited bleeding disorder among patients of Eastern UP and Bihar. It also focussed on various epidemiological factors including age, sex, family inheritance and consanguinity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and two patients matched our criteria. The age of these patients ranged from neonate to 50. A detailed relevant clinical history was taken for all the patients. These categories of patients were screened with routine tests like platelet count, Prothrombin Time (PT), Active Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Breathing Time (BT), Clotting Time (CT) and a Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC). A factor assay was performed if indicated by the results of the screening assays. RESULTS: Out of 302 patients, 280patients (92.70%) were diagnosed with factor VIII deficiency. This category further comprised of 63.57% Hemophilia A cases (n=192), and 12.58%hemophilia B cases (n=38). Another cluster of 16.55% were diagnosed as Von Willebrand Disease (n=50). Also, a subset of the total patient population (7.30%) was diagnosed with an entity called Rare Inherited Coagulation Deficiency (RICD) which was further designated on the basis of specific factor assays. Most common clinical feature encountered was hematoma followed by ecchymosis, hemarthrosis, gum bleeding and epistaxis. CONCLUSION: The most common IBD was Hemophilia A in this subcategory of patients. Children under 5 year age were most affected making it the most vulnerable age group amounting to 38.73% of all recorded cases. Male population was more affected forming majority of the patients. Sporadic cases were more common than the inherited ones. © RJPT. All right reserved.
An Immunohistochemical Study to assess the Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor in Endometrial hyperplasia and Endometrial carcinoma compared to normal Endometrium: A Prospective Pathological Study
(Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2024) Anu Singh; Purnima Bharati; Vinita Singh; Ratna Chowdhary
Background: To compare the expression of ER, PR, and Her-2/neu in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma within glands and stroma with normal endometrium. Methods: Samples of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue of 62 patients coming to a tertiary care center were immunohistochemically studied for expression of ER and PR. Results: Steroid Hormone receptor levels of both ER and PR were overexpressed in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma compared to normal endometrium. However, same was significantly reduced in adenocarcinoma compared to simple hyperplasia and revealed a statistical significance with a p-value <0.05. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical expression of ER and PR should be evaluated in all cases of simple and atypical hyperplasia, and adenocarcinoma as their expression can facilitate a prognostic marker and can entail hormonal therapy in future for such cases. © 2024, Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.
Prevalence of Antineutrophil cytoplasmic Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and its relevance with Clinical manifestations
(Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2024) Bitan Naik; Mahima Yadav; Vikas Kailashiya; Anu Singh; Anup Singh; Sandip Kumar
Background: Role of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) and its association with clinical manifestations is not completely understood. Prevalence data of ANCA in SLE patients of Indian population is limited. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to measure the prevalence of ANCAs in SLE patients and study its association with clinical manifestations of SLE. Material and Methods: Total 92 patients of SLE cases were included in this prospective observational study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data was collected in all patients. Serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-dsDNA antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibodies were measured by enzyme immune assay methods. Serum Complement C3 and C4 estimation was done by nephelometer. Unpaired t test was used to find the significance difference in mean value between ANCA positive and ANCA negative group. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data of two groups. Results: Nineteen cases (20.65%) showed ANCA positivity. Ten cases were positive for PR3-ANCA and seven cases were positive for MPO-ANCA. Two cases were detected with dual MPO and PR3-ANCA. Nephritis was significantly more common in ANCA positive SLE patients. Rest all of clinical manifestations, anti-dsDNA antibody positivity, ENAs antibodies positivity and reduction in complement level did not show any significant correlation with presence of ANCA antibody. Conclusion: In contrast to results of earlier studies, PR3-ANCA was more prevalent in our study population. Renal system involvement was significantly high in ANCA positive SLE patients as compared to ANCA negative patients. © RJPT All right reserved 24; 17(10):5065-5070.