Browsing by Author "Anubhav Pradeep"

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Enzymes From Soil Algae and Their Applications
(Springer Nature, 2025) Swati Mishra Shukla; Anubhav Pradeep; Vijayata Singh
Microalgae have a great potential for enzyme synthesis for several applications in the industry; hence, they are referred to as biofactories. In comparison with other microbial cells, microalgae have the advantage of having a photoautotrophic attribute with minimal nutritional requirements. Enzymes are widely investigated in aquatic microalgae while some of them are studied to explore their abundance in soil and their role in the environment like laccases in green algae. The group of taxa that demonstrate Laccase enzyme activity includes taxa Tetracystis sp., Trebouxia sp., Scenedesmus sp., Chlamydomonas sp., Chlorococcum sp., Nostoc muscorum, and Chlorella vulgaris. Nostoc ellipsosporum are significantly responsible for phenolic/pesticide degradation. For example, enzymes for biodiesel production and for the production high-value-added lipids (acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase in Chlorella ellipsoidea) and enzymes utilized in healthcare applications (polytone synthase, l-asparaginase, Lycopene -cyclase, -Carotene Oxygenase, found in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris). Enzymes like glutathione reductase, dismutase, and laccases play significant role to removing toxic metals, pesticides, and phenolic pollutants. This environmental breakdown of phenolic pollutants contributes as a fundamental process of biodegradation. The source of these enzymes is the group of algal taxa includes Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., Trebouxia sp. This chapter is an attempt to achieve the objective of “state-of-the-art” enzymes by illustrating the methods and enzymatic regulations and focusing on the microalgal enzymes in industrial, health, or environmental applications. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Weighted morphology: a new approach towards phylogenetic assessment of Nostocales (Cyanobacteria)
(Springer-Verlag Wien, 2015) Swati Mishra; Poonam Bhargava; Siba Prasad Adhikary; Anubhav Pradeep; Lal Chand Rai
The classification of order Nostocales (Cyanobacteria) and inter relationships of morphologically similar taxa is still debatable due to ever changing morphological features. No attempt has been made to improve the morphological taxonomy despite the fact that it is the morphology that represents the totality of genes. To test the validity of morphological taxonomy and fine tune the phylogenetic relationships within the order Nostocales a new weighted morphology approach was applied by using 76 isolates and their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Further, the study was extended with morphological data set of the remaining 232 taxa for which no molecular data are yet available. Trichome aggregation, heterocyst shape, and akinete shape are suggested as important and stable features for identification. At 30 % weight assignment to the selected morphological characters, morphological taxonomy found 36 % compatible with 16S tree. Adding weight to the morphological characters considerably improved the congruence between the morphology and 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic trees of the order Nostocales. When the weighting procedure was extended to all the Nostocalean members irrespective of molecular data availability, it was found that Nostoc sphaericum and Nostoc microscopicum closely assembled in a single clade. Closer arrangement of Aulosira and Nodularia represent the subfamily aulosirae (Bornet and Flahault Ann Sci Nat Bot 7:223–224, 1888) while taxonomic affiliation of Cylindrospermum with Nostoc, Anabaena, and Raphidiopsis representing the subfamily anabaenae (Bornet and Flahault Ann Sci Nat Bot 7:223–224, 1888) was resolved. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Wien.