Browsing by Author "Archana Dwivedi"

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A Study on Quality of Life among the Elderly at Urban Health Center in North Delhi
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Gunjan Mahaur; Archana Dwivedi; Deepika Joshi; Nidhi Dwivedi
Background: Elderly population in India is growing around 3% annually and is supposed to triple by 2050 than that at the time of 2011 census, according to a country report published by the UN Population Fund (UNFPA, 2017). A better quality of life (QOL) of the elderly has become a major public health challenges of the 21st century, so timely emphasis on maintenance of physical health and psychological issues is crucial. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to measure QOL among the elderly population and to find out the association with sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done among the elderly population of an urban health training center. The study includes the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire‑Brief version and a questionnaire for sociodemographic variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine associations and P value. Results: The overall QOL scores ranged between 52 and 110, with a mean score of 78.59 ± 12.6. Good QOL was observed among 64.9%of the elderly, excellent was observed among 19.8%; and the rest 15.3% had fair/average, while none of the elderly had poor QOL. Determinants significantly associated with QOL with P < 0.05 are age, educational status, professional status, marital status, and behavior of children with them and the elderly with comorbidities. Conclusion: This study shows the association of multiple factors with QOL among the elderly. Factors such as age, educational status, professional status, marital status, and behavior of children with them and the elderly with comorbidities significantly affect the QOL of the elderly. Hence, strengthening the health-care system, increase in level of education, encouraging social interaction, social security systems, and better environmental infrastructure could potentially increase QOL of the elderly population. © 2024 Journal of Mid-life Health.
Association of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene rs4680 Polymorphism and Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2023) Archana Dwivedi; Nidhi Dwivedi; Anand Kumar; Varun K. Singh; Abhishek Pathak; R.N. Chaurasia; V.N. Mishra; Sujata Mohanty; Deepika Joshi
Introduction: Long-term levodopa therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) can cause levodopa induced dyskinesia (LID). Genetic predisposition has a significant role to play in inter-individual heterogeneity in the clinical manifestation of LID. Despite accumulating evidence for the role of COMT gene polymorphism (rs4680) as a genetic basis for LID, to date results have been inconsistent. Early assessment of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) genotype might be helpful to stratify PD patients concerning their individual risk for LID. Method: In this meta-analysis, we have used 9 studies, which were selected through online databases. Statistical analysis was performed using R (v-3.6) software. 5 genetic models have been used in the present study: Allele model (A vs. G), Dominant model (AA+AG vs. GG), Homozygote model (AA vs. GG), Co-dominant/heterozygote model (AG vs. GG), and Recessive model (AA vs. AG + GG). Results: The results indicated a significant association between COMT rs4680 (Val158Met) polymorphism and LID risk. The genotype AA of COMT rs4680 is a risk factor for LID in PD patients under the recessive model (AA vs GG+AG) in the random-effect model. Analysis based on ethnicity showed that COMT rs4680 SNP allele A is a risk factor for LID development in Asian PD patients, while GG genotype is a risk factor for LID development in non-Asian PD patients using different genetic models. Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis support that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism is a risk factor for the development of LID in PD patients having ethnic variations. © The Author(s) 2022.
Co-occurrence of Parkinson's disease and Retinitis Pigmentosa: A genetic and in silico analysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Archana Dwivedi; Anand Kumar; Mohammad D. Faruq; Varun Kumar Singh; Nidhi Dwivedi; Kamaljeet Singh; Ibrahim Hussain; Swati Parida; Gaurab Kumar Jha; N. Suresh Kumar; Deepika Srivastava Joshi
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily driven by the protein Alpha Synuclein (A-Syn) accumulation. Synphilin-1 protein, encoded by the SNCAIP gene, which co-localizes with A-Syn is a known risk factor for PD. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), is a cluster of retinal degenerative disorders, and Cyclic Nucleotide Gated channel subunit Alpha 1 (CNGA1) is one of the initial genes associated with RP. Patients with PD can have various kinds of visual dysfunction as a non-motor manifestation, but to date, CNGA1 mutation and RP as a PD associated visual symptom has not been reported. We report a mutation in the SNCAIP gene in a PD patient, not reported earlier, and its co-occurrence with RP-associated CNGA1 gene mutation. Method: Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the patient DNA sample and in-silico protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis performed to find out proteins interacting with SNCAIP relevant concerning reported mutation of SNCAIP and further, CNGA1 interaction with SNCAIP. Result: We are reporting, a missense mutation (p.Thr64Ser) at the SNCAIP gene, co-occurring with a missense variation (p.Gly509Arg) in the CNGA1 gene. In silico PPI analysis suggests SIAH1 as an important protein affected by SNCAIP mutation. LGALS4 and SNCA (gene encoding A-Syn) are common interactors between SNCAIP and CNGA1. Conclusion: The current study has determined the co-occurrence of RP and PD, whole exome sequencing ascertains the mutations in SNCAIP and CNGA1 genes, which could be the cause of PD and RP co-occurrence. © 2024 International Brain Research Organization (IBRO)
Indopathy for Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022) Archana Dwivedi; Deepika Joshi
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, multi-system, complex neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by motor dysfunctions caused mainly due to the loss of dopamine (DA) neurotransmitters producing dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. In Ayurveda, which is an indigenous medicine system of India, various medicinal herbs have been used for the treatment of PD since ancient times. A growing number of studies have proven that these Ayurvedic herbs can protect DAergic neurons from neuronal degeneration and hence can increase the level of DA. Phytochemicals or active ingredients present in these Ayurvedic herbs can target oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy and can reduce α-synuclein (α-syn) protein aggregation, which are the basic pathological causes of neurodegeneration and can improve the motor ability and sometimes longevity in animal models of PD. The mainstay of treatment of PD is levodopa (L-Dopa), a precursor of DA, used for achieving the optimal level of DA. But its long-term use has debilitating side effects. Ayurvedic herbs have provided relief in PD with no or minimal side-effect even after long-term administration. Some plants, such as M. pruriens, are a natural source of L-Dopa. Here, we have discussed the major classes of phytochemicals found in Ayurvedic medicines and the pathogenic mechanisms of PD targeted by them. After that, we have discussed the recent advances in experimental and clinical data that support the neuroprotective properties of these phytochemicals used in Ayurveda and their potential to be developed as a therapeutic intervention for the prevention of PD. © 2022, Bentham Books imprint. All Rights Reserved.
Insights of dental postgraduate students and guides toward change in MDS examination pattern: A cross-sectional study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Shrivardhan Kalghatgi; Mahesh Khairnar; Tanushri Dalvi; Archana Dwivedi; Hrishikesh Saoji; Akhilesh Chandra
Introduction: According to the notification dated May 17, 2018, no. DE-14-MDS-2018/2131 published by the Dental Council of India, basic sciences theory examination (Paper-1) will be conducted before the commencement of II-year MDS academic year instead of III-year MDS end. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the opinions regarding this recent change in the curriculum among I MDS students, II MDS students, and their respective postgraduate (PG) guides. Methodology: The study was conducted on 120 participants from three dental colleges. All the participants were interviewed using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The initial part of questionnaire consisted of demographic information of the study participants followed by ten questions targeted to assess the perception toward change in MDS examination pattern. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software v20, and Chi-square test was used for comparison of responses among PG students and PG guides. Results: Questions pertaining to the need of allowed to keep term (ATKT), assumption to improved concentration on specialization subjects, and increase in understanding of the subject have received maximum positive response. Negative responses were more for the questions such as hampering of PG curriculum, effect on dissertation selection process, and rendering quality treatment to the patient. Responses to necessity of ATKT and the assumption to better concentrate on specialization subject later differed significantly among the participants. Conclusion: The present study results revealed an overall positive perception toward the change in MDS curriculum pattern among the study participants. © 2022 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.