Browsing by Author "Arjun Singh"

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Delineation of groundwater potential zone and site suitability of rainwater harvesting structures using remote sensing and in situ geophysical measurements
(wiley, 2021) Prachi Singh; Akash Anand; Prashant K. Srivastava; Arjun Singh; Prem Chandra Pandey
The present situation of groundwater tables is falling at a rapid rate, because regular withdrawal of groundwater is high compared to the recharge rate. This study focuses on the delineation of a groundwater potential zone in Lalganj Ajhara block, District Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh, using in situ vertical electric survey data, remote sensing (RS), and geographic information system (GIS). Present research covers the spatial analysis of different thematic layers generated through satellite images and field data for the identification of suitable sites for rainwater harvesting structures within the study area. A Schlumberger array is generated through the geotechnical field survey and soil depth analysis is done for three cross-section profiles which are generated through the sample locations. Sentinel-2A data along with the digital elevation model (DEM) are used to prepare different thematic layers, and density analysis is done using GIS tools. The groundwater potential is estimated using multi-criteria overlay analysis and using in situ measurements. The site suitability analysis is done by estimating probable location of check dams, desilting points, dug well, and recharge pit within the study area. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
In Silico Rho Kinase Inhibition and FP-Agonist Potential Study of Rotenoids Present in Boerhavia diffusa Root for Curing Uveitic Glaucoma
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ajay Kumar Meena; Rudramani Tiwari; Gnanabhaskar Danaboina; Kundan Kumar Ojha; Arundhati Mehta; Jagriti Kamra; Ashwini Kumar Dixit; Arjun Singh
The acute pathogenesis with rapid inflammation enhances the intertrabecular spaces which refers to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) in uveitic glaucoma. Boerhaavia diffusa (B. diffusa) plant root contains boeravinone A–J, a class of rotenoids exhibiting hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory actions. This article reports a comparative in silico Rho-kinase inhibition and FP-agonists study of these rotenoids. ADMET study reflects the suitability of rotenoids in terms of drug-likeness, human intestinal absorption, mitochondrial subcellular localization, and class-III toxicological compounds for real application as drug molecules. Docking study for Rho-kinase inhibition potential with 3tku-protein shows binding energies between −6.101 and −4.129 kcal/mol with an inhibition constant of 0.05–2.54 mM for boeravinone A–J against standard fasudil (−4.285 kcal/mol) molecule which has inhibition constant of 0.015 mM. Docking study for FP-agonist potential with 2f38-protein shows binding energies between −9.647 and −5.602 kcal/mol for boeravinone A–J with inhibition constants of 0.01–0.09 mM, against standard bimatoprost (−9.603 kcal/mol) and latanoprost (−10.096 kcal/mol) molecule. This MD simulation results an equilibrized dynamic behavior and stability of 3tku-boeravinone-E and 2f38-boeravinone-E complexes, under reference standards conditions. This study suggests that these rotenoids can be useful as a curative agent in uveitic glaucoma as an anti-inflammatory agent and IOP reducer. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Tailored nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia: Highly stable aqueous dispersion of Mn-substituted magnetite superparamagnetic nanoparticles by double surfactant coating for improved heating efficiency
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Arjun Singh; Prashant Kumar; Saurabh Pathak; Komal Jain; Parul Garg; Megha Pant; Ajit K. Mahapatro; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Preasha Rajput; Sang-Koog Kim; K.K. Maurya; R.P. Pant
This study presents a significant advancement in cancer therapy through the application of Mn-substituted magnetite superparamagnetic (SPM) nanoparticles, highlighting the potential of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) as an effective modality. However, its clinical applications have been limited by challenges such as low heating performance, agglomeration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in blood veins, and cytotoxicity. To address these crucial issues, surface engineered MNPs were synthesised by adopting a reverse micelles-based co-precipitation approach that effectively overcomes MNP agglomeration, ensuring uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles. Through careful optimization of Mn ion substitution within magnetite, we have achieved a significant enhancement in the heating performance of the magnetite SPM nanoparticles. The substitution of Mn2+ ions in magnetite has notably increased the specific absorption rate (SAR) value, as evidenced by a remarkable 181% increase (SAR: 510 kW/kg) obtained using the Box Lucas Method. This enhancement can be attributed to the elevated saturation magnetization resulting from the appropriate cation distribution within the MNPs. Furthermore, the increase in spin relaxation time with higher Mn concentration also contributes to the improvement in SAR values as MNPs retain their magnetic moments for an extended period before relaxing, leading to enhanced energy dissipation and higher SAR values. The hemolysis assays demonstrated minimal hemolysis rates (<5%) when exposed to red blood cells (RBCs), confirming the high biocompatibility of the MNPs. Additionally, MTT assays revealed excellent cytocompatibility (>90% cell viability) for Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293) cells across all compositions, further affirming the potential of these MNPs for clinical treatments. Overall, this study unveils a sustainable approach for cancer therapy using Mn-substituted magnetite SPM nanoparticles. Their remarkable heating performance and excellent biocompatibility make them promising for clinical applications in MFH. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.