Browsing by Author "Arun Kumar Mahanta"

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Cell proliferation influenced by matrix compliance of gelatin grafted poly(D,L-Lactide) three dimensional scaffolds
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Chelladurai Karthikeyan Balavigneswaran; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto; Arun Kumar Mahanta; Rajshree Singh; Mahalingam Rajamanickam Vijayakumar; Biswajit Ray; Nira Misra
Surface and mechanical properties of the biomaterials are determinants of cellular responses. In our previous study, star-shaped poly(D,L-Lactide)-b-gelatin (ss-pLG) was reported for possessing improved cellular adhesion and proliferation. Here, we extended our investigation to establish the cellular compatibility of gelatin-grafted PDLLA with respect to mechanical properties of biological tissues. In this view, linear PDLLA-b-gelatin (l-pLG) was synthesized and tissue-level compatibility of 1-pLG and ss-pLG against fibroblasts (L929), myoblasts (C2C12) and preosteoblasts (MG-63) was examined. The cell proliferation of C2C12 was significantly higher within l-pLG scaffolds, whereas L929 showed intensified growth within ss-pLG scaffolds. The difference in cell proliferation may be attributed to the varying mechanical properties of scaffolds; where the stiffness of l-pLG scaffolds was notably higher than ss-pLG scaffolds, most likely due to the variable levels of gelatin grafting on the backbone of PDLLA. Therefore, gelatin grafting can be used to modulate mechanical property of the scaffolds and this study reveals the significance of the matrix stiffness to produce the successful 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Engineered Cellular Uptake and Controlled Drug Delivery Using Two Dimensional Nanoparticle and Polymer for Cancer Treatment
(American Chemical Society, 2018) Sudipta Senapati; Rashmi Shukla; Yamini Bhusan Tripathi; Arun Kumar Mahanta; Dipak Rana; Pralay Maiti
Two major problems in chemotherapy, poor bioavailability of hydrophobic anticancer drug and its adverse side effects causing nausea, are taken into account by developing a sustained drug release vehicle along with enhanced bioavailability using two-dimensional layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with appropriate surface charge and its subsequent embedment in polymer matrix. A model hydrophobic anticancer drug, raloxifene hydrochloride (RH), is intercalated into a series of zinc iron LDHs with varying anion charge densities using an ion exchange technique. To achieve significant sustained delivery, drug-intercalated LDH is embedded in poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix to develop intravenous administration and to improve the therapeutic index of the drug. The cause of sustained release is visualized from the strong interaction between LDH and drug, as measured through spectroscopic techniques, like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared, UV-visible spectroscopy, and thermal measurement (depression of melting temperature and considerable reduction in heat of fusion), using differential scanning calorimeter, followed by delayed diffusion of drug from polymer matrix. Interestingly, polymer nanohybrid exhibits long-term and excellent in vitro antitumor efficacy as opposed to pure drug or drug-intercalated LDH or only drug embedded PCL (conventional drug delivery vehicle) as evident from cell viability and cell adhesion experiments prompting a model depicting greater killing efficiency (cellular uptake) of the delivery vehicle (polymer nanohybrid) controlled by its better cell adhesion as noticed through cellular uptake after tagging of fluorescence rhodamine B separately to drug and LDH. In vivo studies also confirm the sustained release of drug in the bloodstream of albino rats using polymer nanohybrid (novel drug delivery vehicle) along with a healthy liver vis-à-vis burst release using pure drug/drug-intercalated LDHs with considerable damaged liver. © 2018 American Chemical Society.
Polyurethane-grafted chitosan as new biomaterials for controlled drug delivery
(American Chemical Society, 2015) Arun Kumar Mahanta; Vikas Mittal; Nitesh Singh; Debabrata Dash; Sudip Malik; Mohan Kumar; Pralay Maiti
The present investigation focuses on the grafting of chitosan (CHT) with diisocyanate terminated polyurethane. Solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy confirms the grafting reaction and the degree of substitution (DS) was calculated from the deconvoluted area of the corresponding NMR peak. Solubility studies, swelling behavior and contact angle measurements support the hydrophobic chemical modification on CHT molecules and higher DS leads to the cross-linking of CHT molecules having polyurethane bridges resulting insolubility and regulated swelling in the graft copolymer. Molecular relaxations phenomena due to the constraint associated with the grafting have been revealed using spin-lattice relaxation tine (T1) and shifting of peak position in tan δ curve toward lower temperature in dynamic mechanical measurement at constant frequency indicating flexible nature of graft copolymers as compared to pure CHT. The sustained drug delivery has been achieved using graft copolymers vis-à-vis pure CHT following the Fickian diffusion behavior (n ≤ 0.45) and the release rate can be tuned by altering the DS. In depth biocompatibility studies through platelet aggregation, platelet adhesion, reactive oxygen species of the developed graft copolymers, and in vitro hemolysis assay and cell viability have been performed to understand its potential use in biomedical applications and compared the improved properties with respect to pure CHT. Hence, bio- and hemocompatible CHT graft copolymers have been developed with the capability of controlled and sustained drug release. © 2015 American Chemical Society.