Browsing by Author "Ashish Verma"

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A comparative evaluation of neurophysiological activity, active tactile sensibility and stereognostic ability of complete denture prosthesis, and implant-supported prosthesis wearer—A pilot study
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Bappaditya Bhattacharjee; Ritu Saneja; Atul Bhatnagar; Ashish Verma; Romesh Soni; Ankita Singh; Pavan Dubey
Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of implant-supported prosthesis in completely edentulous participants in terms of osseoperception ability, neural activity, and stereognostic ability in comparison to removable prosthetic options. Materials and Methods: A total sample of 18 patients, irrespective of gender and age were allocated into three groups according to the three-treatment protocol (upper and lower complete denture, upper complete denture opposing lower implant-retained overdenture, implant-supported fixed prosthesis in both arches). Four weeks after completion of the treatment procedure active tactile sensibility (ATS) was checked by using varying thicknesses (12, 40, 80, 100, 200 μ) of articulating foils and papers. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed to record neurophysiological activity in cerebral cortex in all the participants. Various forms of test pieces (heat cure acrylic resin) were used to evaluate stereognostic ability. Data regarding the neurophysiological activity were analyzed by using Krushkal–Wallis test and p ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Data from stereognostic ability test procedure and ATS were compared by using chi-squared test and p ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Statistically significant difference was found in between the articulating foils in terms of true negative responses as the foil thickness increased in participants wearing complete denture in both the arches (p = 0.004) and implant-supported fixed prosthesis in both the arches (p = 0.010). Participants in implant-supported fixed prosthesis group showed significantly more activation in primary motor cortex (right side), somatosensory cortex (left side), angular gyrus (both sides), temporal lobe (left) compared to other groups. No significant difference found in thalamus and premotor cortex region in between the participants of different groups. No statistically significant difference found in between the groups in terms of true responses identifying correct shapes. Mean number of correct responses in stereognostic ability test were 4.16 (83.33%), 3.5 (70%), 3.83 (76.66%) for participants of complete denture group, upper complete denture opposing lower implant retained overdenture group, and implant-supported fixed prosthesis group, respectively. Conclusion: Primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and other regions of brain were diffusely activated in participants wearing implant-supported fixed prosthesis in both the arches. Less number of false responses were recorded in participants of implant-supported fixed prosthesis group and upper complete denture opposing lower implant-retained overdenture group in ATS test compared to participants wearing complete denture in both the arches. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
A comprehensive review on CFD simulations of left ventricle hemodynamics: numerical methods, experimental validation techniques, and emerging trends
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Priyanshu Soni; Sumit Kumar; B. V. Rathish Kumar; Sanjay Kumar Rai; Ashish Verma; Om Shankar
Globally, high death rates due to heart failure are an essential topic in medical research. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of cardiac dysfunction and collapse, with high mortality and morbidity rates. Early diagnosis and prognosis of CVD will reduce the risk of cardiovascular conditions. It is essential to develop various tools that provide accurate, real-time insight into the heart's physiology, functionality, and cardiac events. Due to the dispersed nature of the information and the reported results, a comprehensive literature review is required because there is a shortage of data about the hemodynamics analysis of blood flow in the ventricular region. Therefore, reviewing the status of hemodynamics analysis of ventricle blood flow is the prime importance of this review article. This article reviews the numerous investigations conducted over the past 15 years to simulate ventricular blood flow using experimental and computational techniques on patient-specific models or idealized models with or without specific medical conditions. This article discusses the fundamentals of hemodynamic analysis, such as the geometry types of a particular cardiac phase, medical conditions, and medical imaging methods. Recent developments in hemodynamic analysis, such as AI, HPC, and digital twins, were also mentioned in this comprehensive review study. This review article concluded that improvements in medical image processing and data acquisition techniques are needed to obtain accurate information regarding the functioning of the heart. Our review of previous studies shows that blood flow simulation is developing into a proper medical tool for instant heart function diagnosis. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 2024.
A Rare Case of Multiple Intracranial Cysts
(Springer, 2019) Ishan Kumar; Srishti Sharma; Zeeshan Siddiqui; Priyanka Aggarwal; Ashish Verma
[No abstract available]
A Rare Cause of Acute Recurrent Pancreatitis in a Child
(Springer, 2024) Ishan Kumar; Sunil Meena; Pramod Kumar Singh; Priyanka Aggarwal; Ashish Verma
[No abstract available]
Acute Cardiac Events After ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Corona Virus Vaccine: Report of Three Cases
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2022) Rohit Singh; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Indrajeet Singh Gambhir; Ashish Verma; Ishan Kumar; Soumik Ghosh; Ashutosh Tiwari; Gourav Chandan; Sasanka Chakrabarti; Upinder Kaur
[No abstract available]
Acute kidney injury in pregnancy with special reference to pregnancy-specific disorders: a hospital based study (2014–2016)
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Jai Prakash; Vivek C. Ganiger; Suraj Prakash; Mohammad Iqbal; Deba Prasad Kar; Usha Singh; Ashish Verma
Introduction: There are numerous reports in the literature describing acute kidney injury in pregnancy (P-AKI) due to various obstetric complications. However, there is a dearth of studies on AKI related to pregnancy-specific disorders from India. We aimed to analyze clinical features and outcome of P-AKI related to pregnancy-specific disorders compared to total pregnancy, in India. Method: All pregnant women attending the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from November 2014 to July 2016 were screened for AKI based on: (1) sudden elevation of serum creatinine ≥ 1 mg/dl; (2) oligoanuria for > 12 h; and (3) need for dialysis. The detailed clinical profile of AKI in patients with preeclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E), hemolysis/elevated liver enzymes/low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome, acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), and pregnancy-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (P-TMA) was analyzed. Laboratory investigations included: complete blood count, renal function tests, urinalysis, coagulation profile (platelet count, INR, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time), and immunological assay (C3, C4, ANA, anti-dsDNA antibody, antiphospholipid antibody). Contrast-enhanced CT scan of kidney ureter and bladder (KUB) and renal biopsy were performed in selected cases. Maternal and fetal outcome were analyzed individually. The patients were followed for 3 months or longer to determine the recovery of renal function or progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Results: Overall, 4741 pregnant women (mean age 26.8 ± 4.8 years) were evaluated for AKI. P-AKI was found in 132/4741 (2.78%) patients. In the majority (91.6%), AKI developed in the late 3rd trimester and post-partum period. P-AKI was related to obstetric complications (in 61.4%), pregnancy-specific disorders (in 57.5%) and miscellaneous factors (7.5%). Puerperal sepsis, ante-partum and post-partum hemorrhage were contributing factors for P-AKI in 34 (25.8%), 11 (8.3%) and 28 (21.2%) patients, respectively. P-AKI due to pregnancy-specific disorders developed in 76/4741 patients, i.e. in 1:62 pregnancies. PE/E was the cause of P-AKI in 62 patients (46.9%) followed by HELLP syndrome in 9 (6.8%) and AFLP in 05 (3.8%). P-TMA causing AKI was not observed. Complete recovery of renal function occurred in 89.4% of patients while 6 (4.6%) progressed to CKD (ESRD: 3 and CKD stage IV: 3). Maternal mortality was 6%. Puerperal sepsis was the sole cause of patchy cortical necrosis in 5 (3.7%) cases. Premature delivery occurred in 40.9% patients and full-term delivery in 35.6%. Perinatal mortality was 23.5%, mainly due to intrauterine death (17.5%) and prematurity (6%). Conclusion: PE/E was the commonest cause of P-AKI in our study, similar to the situation in developed countries. Post-partum hemorrhage was the second-most common (21.5%) cause. Puerperal sepsis contributed to AKI in one-fourth of pregnant women. P-TMA was not recorded in this study and AFLP was an uncommon cause of P-AKI in our country. Renal function returned to normal in all patients with P-AKI due to pregnancy-specific disorders. However, perinatal mortality was high despite the good prognosis of P-AKI. © 2018, Italian Society of Nephrology.
Advancing Era and Rising Concerns in Nanotechnology-Based Cancer Treatment
(American Chemical Society, 2024) Harshita Tiwari; Priyamvada Gupta; Ashish Verma; Swati Singh; Rajiv Kumar; Hemant Kumar Gautam; Vibhav Gautam
Cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of mortality worldwide. The arena of cancer diagnosis and therapy has undergone a tremendous revolution since the development of nanotechnology. Due to their nanosize and biocompatibility, nanoparticles are extensively employed for gene therapy and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology-based approaches have also shown promising advancements in the utilization of extracellular vesicles for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Apart from this, the CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9)-based nanotherapy and the development of therapeutic nanovaccines have also demonstrated encouraging results in revolutionizing cancer treatment. Nanotechnology-based molecular imaging and contrast agents can detect cancer at very early stages, allowing for prompt treatment and better patient outcomes. Although nanoparticles offer multiple benefits for drug administration, they additionally possess certain pharmacokinetic limitations, such as body clearance, restricted tissue penetration, confrontation with biological barriers, biodistribution, and accumulation. However, improvements in nanoparticle design are intended to resolve safety issues and enhance the therapeutic effects of these particles in a variety of disease complications. While nanotechnology has demonstrated immense potential in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer, there are still several challenges to overcome, including guaranteeing the safety of nanomaterials, taking into account regulatory issues, and creating scalable and affordable solutions. Nevertheless, new developments in nanotechnology and current research hold promise for further revolutionizing cancer detection and treatment. © 2024 American Chemical Society.
An improved xie-beni index for cluster validity measure
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Munendra Singh; Romel Bhattacharjee; Neeraj Sharma; Ashish Verma
The pathology may appear as a new cluster(s) on radiological images and hence the information of cluster location cannot decide in prior. In this regard, the unsupervised methods of segmentation play the important role, however, these methods need the number of clusters as the input. The challenging tasks in clustering based image segmentation are to choose the number of segments in an image. This work proposes the segmentation quality index, which utilizes the trend of Xie-Beni index to obtain the optimum number of segments in an image. The proposed algorithm has been implemented on the segmentation results obtained by enhanced fuzzy c-means algorithm and compared with the classical validity indexes such as Xie-Beni index, partition entropy coefficient, partition coefficient and fuzzy hyper-volume on synthetic images and simulated brain MRI dataset images. The quantitative results show that the proposed method has greater ability to find the appropriate number of clusters on the ground truth and noisy images. © 2017 IEEE.
Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plant Ocimum sp.; A Comparative Biochemical Profiling and In-Silico Analysis
(MDPI, 2022) Prafull Salvi; Gulshan Kumar; Nishu Gandass; Kajal; Ashish Verma; Sivasubramanian Rajarammohan; Nilesh Rai; Vibhav Gautam
Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are a rich source of bioactive compounds that are immensely important due to their potential use in pharmacological and agricultural applications. Here, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) from three different species of Ocimum: O. gratissimum (EO1), O. tenuiflorum (EO2), and O. sanctum (EO3). The EOs were screened for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The essential oils EO1 and EO3 showed significant growth inhibition of the tested bacteria. Likewise, all EOs exhibited antifungal potential against the broad-spectrum plant fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that causes white-mould disease in plants. Moreover, the antimicrobial potential of the EOs correlates well with their antioxidant activity determined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The biochemical analysis of the EOs employing high-performance thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed the presence of distinct phytoconstituents that might be responsible for their differential bioactivity. Furthermore, an in-silico evaluation of the candidate phytoconstituents using molecular docking analysis suggests their potential for antimicrobial applications. Altogether, our results clearly show that EO1 and EO3 possess promising antimicrobial properties, and therefore could be utilized as a potential antimicrobial agent. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Antitumor action of 3-bromopyruvate implicates reorganized tumor growth regulatory components of tumor milieu, cell cycle arrest and induction of mitochondria-dependent tumor cell death
(Academic Press Inc., 2018) Saveg Yadav; Praveen Kumar Kujur; Shrish Kumar Pandey; Yugal Goel; Babu Nandan Maurya; Ashish Verma; Ajay Kumar; Rana Pratap Singh; Sukh Mahendra Singh
Evidences demonstrate that metabolic inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) exerts a potent antitumor action against a wide range of malignancies. However, the effect of 3-BP on progression of the tumors of thymic origin remains unexplored. Although, constituents of tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in regulation of tumor progression, it remains unclear if 3-BP can alter the composition of the crucial tumor growth regulatory components of the external surrounding of tumor cells. Thus, the present investigation attempts to understand the effect of 3-BP administration to a host bearing a progressively growing tumor of thymic origin on tumor growth regulatory soluble, cellular and biophysical components of tumor milieu vis-à-vis understanding its association with tumor progression, accompanying cell cycle events and mode of cell death. Further, the expression of cell survival regulatory molecules and hemodynamic characteristics of the tumor milieu were analysed to decipher mechanisms underlying the antitumor action of 3-BP. Administration of 3-BP to tumor-bearing hosts retarded tumor progression accompanied by induction of tumor cell death, cell cycle arrest, declined metabolism, inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential, elevated release of cytochrome c and altered hemodynamics. Moreover, 3-BP reconstituted the external milieu, in concurrence with deregulated glucose and pH homeostasis and increased tumor infiltration by NK cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes. Further, 3-BP administration altered the expression of key regulatory molecules involved in glucose uptake, intracellular pH and tumor cell survival. The outcomes of this study will help in optimizing the therapeutic application of 3-BP by targeting crucial tumor growth regulatory components of tumor milieu. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.
Antral follicle count in normal (fertility-proven) and infertile Indian women
(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014) Arjit Agarwal; Ashish Verma; Shubhra Agarwal; Ram Chandra Shukla; Madhu Jain; Arvind Srivastava
Background: Antral follicle count (AFC) has been labeled as the most accurate biomarker to assess female fecundity. Unfortunately, no baseline Indian data exists, and we continue using surrogate values from the Western literature (inferred from studies on women, grossly different than Indian women in morphology and genetic makeup). Aims: (1) To establish the role of AFC as a function of ovarian reserve in fertility-proven and in subfertile Indian women. (2) To establish baseline cut-off AFC values for Indian women. Settings and Design: Prospective observational case-control study. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients undergoing workup for infertility were included and compared to equal number of controls (women with proven fertility). The basal ovarian volume and AFC were measured by endovaginal. USG the relevant clinical data and hormonal assays were charted for every patient. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS platform was used to perform the Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. Correlations were determined by Pearson's ranked correlation coefficient. Results: Regression analysis revealed the highest correlation of AFC and age in fertile and infertile patients with difference in mean AFC of both the groups. Comparison of the data recorded for cases and controls showed no significant difference in the mean ovarian volume. Conclusions: AFC has the closest association with chronological age in normal and infertile Indian women. The same is lower in infertile women than in matched controls. Baseline and cut-off values in Indian women are lower than that mentioned in the Western literature.
Application of deep learning models for accurate classification of fluid collections in acute necrotizing pancreatitis on computed tomography: a multicenter study
(Springer, 2025) Pankaj Kumar Gupta; Ruby Siddiqui; Shravya Singh; Nikita Pradhan; Jimil Shah; Jayanta Samanta; Vaneet Jearth; Anupam Kumar Singh; Harshal Surendra Mandavdhare; Vishal Sharma; Amar Mukund; Chhagan Lal Birda; Ishan Kumar; N. Suresh Kumar; Yashwant Patidar; Ashish Agarwal; Taruna Yadav; Binit Sureka; Anurag Kumar Tiwari; Ashish Verma; Ashish Sravanth Kumar; Saroj Kant Sinha; Usha K. Dutta
Purpose: To apply CT-based deep learning (DL) models for accurate solid debris-based classification of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) in acute pancreatitis (AP). Material and methods: This retrospective study comprised four tertiary care hospitals. Consecutive patients with AP and PFCs who had computed tomography (CT) prior to drainage were screened. Those who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) within 20 days of CT were considered for inclusion. Axial CT images were utilized for model training. Images were labelled as those with≤30% solid debris and >30% solid debris based on MRI or EUS. Single center data was used for model training and validation. Data from other three centers comprised the held out external test cohort. We experimented with ResNet 50, Vision transformer (ViT), and MedViT architectures. Results: Overall, we recruited 152 patients (129 training/validation and 23 testing). There were 1334, 334 and 512 images in the training, validation, and test cohorts, respectively. In the overall training and validation cohorts, ViT and MedVit models had high diagnostic performance (sensitivity 92.4–98.7%, specificity 89.7–98.4%, and AUC 0.908–0.980). The sensitivity (85.3–98.6%), specificity (69.4–99.4%), and AUC (0.779–0.984) of all the models was high in all the subgroups in the training and validation cohorts. In the overall external test cohort, MedViT had the best diagnostic performance (sensitivity 75.2%, specificity 75.3%, and AUC 0.753). MedVit had sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of 75.2%, 74.3%, and 0.748, in walled off necrosis and 79%, 74.2%, 75.3%, and 0.767 for collections >5 cm. Conclusion: DL-models have moderate diagnostic performance for solid-debris based classification of WON and collections greater than 5 cm on CT. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Application of deep learning models for accurate classification of fluid collections in acute necrotizing pancreatitis on computed tomography: a multicenter study
(Springer, 2024) Pankaj Gupta; Ruby Siddiqui; Shravya Singh; Nikita Pradhan; Jimil Shah; Jayanta Samanta; Vaneet Jearth; Anupam Singh; Harshal Mandavdhare; Vishal Sharma; Amar Mukund; Chhagan Lal Birda; Ishan Kumar; Niraj Kumar; Yashwant Patidar; Ashish Agarwal; Taruna Yadav; Binit Sureka; Anurag Tiwari; Ashish Verma; Ashish Kumar; Saroj K. Sinha; Usha Dutta
[No abstract available]
Approach to Acute Respiratory Illness in Children with Hematological Malignancy: A Prospective Study Evaluating Utility of CT Scan
(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022) Priyanka Aggarwal; Tapish Raipa; Ishan Kumar; Ashish Verma; Ram Chandra Shukla; Vineeta Gupta
Introduction Various pulmonary complications can occur in children with hematological malignancies including both infection and malignant disease infiltration of pulmonary parenchyma. Objectives To assess the role of CT scan in determining the etiology of acute pulmonary complications in children with hematological malignancies. Materials and Methods All children < 17 years with newly diagnosed hematological malignancy with respiratory symptoms (Group A) along with children who developed fever with persistent respiratory symptoms as well as worsening chest radiographs during treatment (Group B) and underwent CECT thorax, from February 2019 to July 2020 were enrolled. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical history, laboratory as well as radiological investigations and treatment response. Results Thirty-seven children with mean age of 7.5 ± 3.5 years and male to female ratio of 1.3:1 who underwent CECT thorax were included in our study. For newly diagnosed cases, i.e., Group A (n = 8), the most common cause of respiratory symptoms as identified on CECT thorax was pulmonary tumoral infiltration (n = 5) followed by tuberculosis (n = 3). However, in Group B (n = 29) the cause of persistent respiratory symptoms was identified as infection (n = 17) followed by leukemic infiltration (n = 12). Thus, chest CT could accurately identify pulmonary tuberculosis, fungal pneumonia, bacterial infection, and pulmonary tumoral infiltrates. Conclusion CT scan can be used as an adjunctive tool for prompt diagnosis and management of pulmonary complications in children with persistent respiratory symptoms as they are often non-specific. © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Assessment and comparison of fecal continence in children following primary posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and abdominoperineal pull through for anorectal anomaly using clinical scoring and MRI
(W.B. Saunders, 2016) A.N. Gangopadhyay; Vaibhav Pandey; D.K. Gupta; S.P. Sharma; Vijayendar Kumar; Ashish Verma
Introduction We aimed to compare and contrast these main surgical procedures for ARM in terms of structural outcome through pelvic MRI & functional outcome through Kelly's scoring. Material and method A prospective study was conducted from August 2011 to July 2013 including all the cases of ARM managed in single stage (operated by one surgeon, first author) since 1995 that came for follow up at age of 3 years or more. Patients were divided in three groups: Group 8.A, PSARP (60 patients); Group B, Abdomino-PSARP (40 patients); and Group C, APPT (40 patients). The functional assessment of anal continence was carried out at the age of 3 years or more using Kelly's method. Structural assessment was done by 1.5-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results In 24 patients with rectobulbar fistula, 71.5% of Group A patients had good continence. In 50 patients with rectoprostatic fistula, 73.7% of Group A, 70% of group B and only 36% of Group C had good outcomes. Better development of each muscle was associated with better outcomes in terms of anal continence (P = 0.001). Conclusion There is better outcome with PSARP and Abdomino-PSARP in patients with rectobulbar and rectoprostatic fistula. MRI is a valuable modality for postoperative structural analysis of patients with ARM and is also useful for predicting the long term functional outcome of these cases. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Assessment of Biological Activities of Fungal Endophytes Derived Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Amoora rohituka
(MDPI, 2022) Ashish Verma; Priyamvada Gupta; Nilesh Rai; Rajan Kumar Tiwari; Ajay Kumar; Prafull Salvi; Swapnil C. Kamble; Santosh Kumar Singh; Vibhav Gautam
Fungal endophytes have remarkable potential to produce bioactive compounds with numerous pharmacological significance that are used in various disease management and human welfare. In the current study, a total of eight fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaf tissue of Amoora rohituka, and out of which ethyl acetate (EA) extract of Penicillium oxalicum was found to exhibit potential antioxidant activity against DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals with EC50 values of 178.30 ± 1.446, 75.79 ± 0.692, 169.28 ± 0.402 and 126.12 ± 0.636 µg/mL, respectively. The significant antioxidant activity of EA extract of P. oxalicum is validated through highest phenolic and flavonoid content, and the presence of unique bioactive components observed through high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting. Moreover, EA extract of P. oxalicum also displayed substantial anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 56.81 ± 0.617, 37.24 ± 1.26 and 260.627 ± 5.415 µg/mL against three cancer cells HuT-78, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, respectively. Furthermore, comparative HPTLC fingerprint analysis and antioxidant activity of P. oxalicum revealed that fungal endophyte P. oxalicum produces bioactive compounds in a host-dependent manner. Therefore, the present study signifies that fungal endophyte P. oxalicum associated with the leaf of A. rohituka could be a potential source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anticancer activity. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Automatic segmentation of brain tumour in MR images using an enhanced deep learning approach
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Sumit Tripathi; Ashish Verma; Neeraj Sharma
The presented manuscript proposes a fully automatic deep learning method to quantify the tumour region in brain Magnetic Resonance images as the accurate diagnosis of brain tumour region is necessary for the treatment of the patients. The irregular and confusing boundaries of tumours regions make it a challenging task to accurately figure out such regions. Another challenge with the segmentation task is of preserving the boundary details of the segmented tumour regions. The proposed network focuses on delineating the irregular tumour region as the best feature maps are learnt by the network, which is used for decoding; thus, it preserves the accurate boundary and pixel details. The proposed method incorporates internal residual connections in encoder and decoder to transfer feature maps directly to the successive layers to avoid loss of information contained in the images. The use of cross channel normalization (CCN) and parametric rectified linear unit (PRELU) gives a more balanced network output. The trained network produced remarkable results when tested on images of other datasets. Further, external clinical validation was performed by comparison of the algorithmic segmented images with those generated by a manual segmentation done by an experienced radiologist. We have termed our network as CCN-PR-Seg-net. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Bat optimization based neuron model of stochastic resonance for the enhancement of MR images
(PWN-Polish Scientific Publishers, 2017) Munendra Singh; Ashish Verma; Neeraj Sharma
Stochastic resonance (SR) performs the enhancement of the low in contrast image with the help of noise. The present paper proposes a modified neuron model based stochastic resonance approach applied for the enhancement of T1 weighted, T2 weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences of magnetic resonance imaging. Multi objective bat algorithm has been applied to tune the parameters of the modified neuron model for the maximization of two competitive image performance indices contrast enhancement factor (F) and mean opinion score (MOS). The quality of processed image depends on the choice of these image performance indices rather the selection of SR parameters. The proposed approach performs well on enhancement of magnetic resonance (MR) images, as a result there is improvement in the gray-white matter differentiation and has been found helpful in the better diagnosis of MR images. © 2017 Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Beyond the synthetic drugs: Fungal endophytes derived bioactive compounds in the management of neurodegenerative disorders
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Ashish Verma; Nilesh Rai; Swapnil C. Kamble; Pradeep Mishra; Suvakanta Barik; Rajiv Kumar; Santosh Kumar Singh; Prafull Salvi; Vibhav Gautam
Fungal endophytes are a group of fungi that reside in plant tissues and show a symbiotic relationship with the host plants. They protect against pathogens and increase food availability without causing any harmful effects on the host plant. Fungal endophytes are known to produce a wide range of bioactive compounds with several biological activities, including neuroprotective effects. Neurodegenerative disorders lead to miscommunication between nerve cells, damage or loss in structure and function of the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). Reactive oxygen species, neuroinflammation, protein degradation or aggregation, familial history, mutation in mitochondrial genes, and aging contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. Plant-associated fungal endophytes produce bioactive compounds, which show anti-neuroinflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cholinesterase activities. Several pro-inflammatory (TNF-α and NF-κB) and depressant (serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline) molecules or neuronal signaling pathways leading to neurodegenerative disorders are known to be inhibited or down-regulated by fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds. Therefore, bioactive compounds produced from fungal endophytes could be a promising approach to treating various health ailments. The present chapter discusses selected fungal endophyte-derived potential bioactive compounds with neuroprotective effects for managing neurodegenerative disorders. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. All rights reserved.
Bimanual compression therapy of uterine Pseudoaneurysm
(2011) Ashish Verma; Madhavi Verma; Shivi Jain; Ram Chandra Shukla; Anuradha Khanna; Sonali Gupta; Shikha Sachan; Arvind Srivastava
[No abstract available]