Browsing by Author "Ashwani Kumar"

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Biodesulfurization of benzonaphthothiophene by an isolated Gordonia sp. IITR100
(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Ashok Kumar Chauhan; Abrar Ahmad; Surya Pratap Singh; Ashwani Kumar
Studies on the desulfurization of three or more ringed-compounds, which are considered to inhibit biodesulfurization of crude oil, are rare. In this paper, desulfurization of a three-ringed compound benzo[. b]naphtho[2,1-. d]thiophene (BNT) by an isolated strain Gordonia sp. IITR100 is described. The bacterium mediates desulfurization of BNT and utilizes the released sulfur for its growth. The reaction is accompanied with the formation of metabolites BNT-sulfone and BNT-sulfinate, in addition to the reported BNT-hydroxide. Recombinant E. coli cells, harboring DszC or DszA, were also able to mediate the metabolism of BNT to BNT-sulfone, or of BNT-sulfone to BNT-sulfinate, respectively. Desulfurization of BNT, both by IITR100 and E. coli-DszC cells was strongly inhibited in the presence of dibenzothiophene. The results are discussed in the context of the biodesulfurization of petroleum fractions where several organosulfur compounds are present together. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
Designer probiotics: Opening the new horizon in diagnosis and prevention of human diseases
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Nabendu Debnath; Pooja Yadav; Praveen K. Mehta; Priyamvada Gupta; Deepak Kumar; Ashwani Kumar; Vibhav Gautam; Ashok K. Yadav
Probiotic microorganisms have been used for therapeutic purposes for over a century, and recent advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have opened up new possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches using indigenous probiotic microorganisms. Diseases are often related to metabolic and immunological factors, which play a critical role in their onset. With the help of advanced genetic tools, probiotics can be modified to produce or secrete important therapeutic peptides directly into mucosal sites, increasing their effectiveness. One potential approach to enhancing human health is through the use of designer probiotics, which possess immunogenic characteristics. These genetically engineered probiotics hold promise in providing novel therapeutic options. In addition to their immunogenic properties, designer probiotics can also be equipped with sensors and genetic circuits, enabling them to detect a range of diseases with remarkable precision. Such capabilities may significantly advance disease diagnosis and management. Furthermore, designer probiotics have the potential to be used in diagnostic applications, offering a less invasive and more cost-effective alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. This review offers an overview of the different functional aspects of the designer probiotics and their effectiveness on different diseases and also, we have emphasized their limitations and future implications. A comprehensive understanding of these functional attributes may pave the way for new avenues of prevention and the development of effective therapies for a range of diseases. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Discovery of 5-(Substituted Phenyl)-2-aryl Benzimidazole Derivatives as SIRT1 Activators: Their Design, in silico Studies, Synthesis, and in vitro Evaluation
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2025) Shilpi Chauhan; Ashwani Kumar; Rajnish Kumar; Deepika Saini
Aim: Silent information regulator two homologue one (SIRT1) is an emerging target for managing metabolic disorders. This study aimed to synthesize novel 5-(substituted phenyl)-2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives and evaluate them for SIRT1 activation. Methods: The compounds were designed according to the findings of the QSAR models framed in our previous studies. Molecular docking and dynamics studies were also performed to explore the interactions of designed compounds with the active site of the SIRT1 enzyme using AutoDock Vina and Schrödinger Maestro version 11.8.012, respectively. Compounds with good binding affinity were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and spectrally characterized. The molecules were evaluated for their in vitro SIRT1 activation properties using a fluorescent screening kit. Based on the results of in vitro assay, a structure-activity relationship was established. SwissADME was employed to calculate the pharmacokinetics characteristics of the synthesized molecules. Results: The molecular docking studies revealed that all the activators were effectively docked in the catalytic active site. All compounds demonstrated interactions with important amino acids like Glu230 and Arg446. In molecular dynamics simulations, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of compound 5m and protein SIRT1 remained stable, i.e., below 3mm. Compound 5m, 4-(2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)benzaldehyde, was the most potent compound with an EC50 value of 0.006 mM (±0.001) and maximum activation of 240.5%. All the synthesized compounds had acceptable theoretical ADME profiles, and drug-likeness properties complied with Lipinski’s rule. Conclusion: According to the findings, synthesized compounds may be viable leads for SIRT1 activators and may be used to advance preclinical in vivo research utilizing animal models. © 2024 Bentham Science Publishers.
Exploring the promise of psychobiotics: Bridging gut microbiota and mental health for a flourishing society
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Neel Kamal; Baljeet Singh Saharan; Joginder Singh Duhan; Ashwani Kumar; Payal Chaudhary; Chhaya Goyal; Mukesh Kumar; Nikita Goyat; Meena Sindhu; Priti Mudgil
Mental health problems have become one of the major issues worldwide. People of every age group and gender are facing psychological issues. Conventional medicines are not reliable due to their adverse effects like altered sleeping pattern, addiction and health problems throughout the entire body. Psychobiotics is a new class of probiotics that is serving a wide range of applications in psychological health. Psychobiotic refers to the biological formulation which when consumed in right amount, confers psychological benefits. A lot of studies have supported the function of gut microbiota in mood cognition and controlling anxiety. The mechanism of action of psychobiotics has not been completely investigated. However, it may confer benefits by modulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, by directly influencing immune system and through production of various neurotransmitters and neurohormones like proteins and short fatty acids chains. This review highlights the potential of different bacterial strains in human and animal trials. It latter also covers various psychobiotics formulations marketed by different companies. In addition to this, we also tried to cover the various hurdles in psychobiotic research that need to be addressed in the future to build a prosperous society. © 2024 The Authors
Load Shedding in Deregulation Environment and Impact of Photovoltaic System with SMES
(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Shailendra Singh; Deepak Tyagi; Ashwani Kumar; Saurabh Chanana
With the continuous increase in the load, the frequency of the system goes on decreasing and it reaches to its minimum allowable value after the further increase in load will result in more frequent drop resulting in the need of load shedding. To avoid load shedding and control of the frequency of the systems some approach have discussed here. The paper includes modeling of SMES with solar PV array for frequency control of three areas interconnected thermal system in deregulated environment. A comparative analysis of different load frequency control scheme such as:Using conventional integral controllerUsing PID controller,Using additional sources of energy (PV with SMES) on the basis of load to be shed have been discussed. The effects of bilateral contracts on the dynamics of a system including three areas, each of which consisting of two GENCOS and two Discos has been discussed. A case study of contract violation of DISCO's also being incorporated. For all the three strategies the critical load at which frequency of the areas tries to go below minimum allowable range also has been calculated. With the help of MATLAB software using Simulink, results have been obtained. From the comparison results indicates that on using the third strategy (with additional sources) we are increasing the efficiency of the system. When using system with PID controller and additional sources, frequency of the system doesn't go below minimum allowable range and there is requirement of load shedding has been eliminated. © 2016 The Authors.
Optimization of a Process for a Microgreen and Fruit Based Ready to Serve Beverage
(ISEKI Food Association, 2021) Anjali Sharma; Prasad Rasane; Anirban Dey; Jyoti Singh; Sawinder Kaur; Kajal Dhawan; Ashwani Kumar; Hari Shankar Joshi
A process for preparation of a microgreen and fruit based beverage was optimized using spin- ach (Spinacia oleracea) microgreen, pomegranate (Punicagranatum), pineapple (Ananascomosus) and sugar. The blended juice in different ratios was analysed for total soluble solids, viscosity, sediment- ation, acidity, metal chelation activity, free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The op- timized beverage had 17.26 mL 100 mL—1spinach microgreen juice, 57.07 mL 100 mL—1pomegranate juice, 1.01 g 100 g—1sugar and 24.66 mL 100 mL—1pineapple juice. The product was high in nutrients, particularly protein, minerals (sodium, potassium and iron) and vitamins (vitamin C), and bioactive compounds (total phenols and total carotenoids), and had high antioxidant activity (metal chelation activity, free radical scavenging activity and reducing power). The antioxidants and bioactive com- pounds present in juice were designed to help reduce oxidative stress during in ammatory cases such as arthritis. Copyright ©2021 ISEKI-Food Association (IFA)
Outcome of Open Long Bone Fractures in Dogs Stabilized with Linear External Skeletal Fixator
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2023) Tejpal Singh; Ashwani Kumar; Rahul Kumar Udehiya; Kirandeep Kaur Gill; Tejinder Singh Rai; Shashi Kant Mahajan
Background: External skeletal fixator (ESF) has been recommended as biological method to stabilize open fracture as it does not involves the wound site, besides protecting adjacent soft tissue structures. Considering the advantages of ESF, this study was envisaged with an objective to study the outcome of open fractures of radius-ulna and tibia-fibula stabilized with linear ESF in dogs. Methods: This study included 17 dogs suffering from open long bone fractures of radius-ulna and tibia-fibula, divided into three groups; linear ESF type I or II (group I, n=8) and type III (group II, n=3). In group III (n=6), open fractures were initially treated using conservative methods i.e management of open wound till complete healing followed by delayed internal fixation using intramedullary pin or bone plating. Result: Majority of the open fractures of radius-ulna and tibia-fibula were transverse (64.71%), involving distal third diaphysis (47.06%) in heavy weight (54.55%), 1-3 year old (64.71%), non-descript (35.29%), male (88.23%) dogs due to automobile accidents (58.82%). Neutrophilic (81.47±4.45%) leukocytosis (24610±2461.88 per cumm) and elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase were observed. Staphylococcus spp. was the common isolated bacteria sensitive to Gentamicin, Cefotaxime, Tobramycin, Amikacin and Neomycin. High per cent fractures (83.33%) in group III had acceptable functional outcome as compared to fractures treated with linear ESF (55.55%) in groups I and II. Osteomyelitis due to pin tract infections was the major complication (8/11; 72.7%) recorded in ESF groups (Group I and II) that lead to delayed and/or nonunion. Weight bearing score improved markedly after removal of the ESF frame. In conclusions, immediate fixation of the long bone fracture using linear ESF in the presence of open contaminated/infected wounds leads to unacceptable outcome. Poor animal compliance, pin tract discharge, osteomyelitis, delayed union and nonunion are major complications associated with linear ESF. Conservative management of the open fracture wound using standard treatment for 2-3 weeks till complete wound healing followed by internal fixation with intramedullary pin or bone plate is recommended for open long bone fractures in dogs. © 2023 Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Snacks and snacking: Impact on health of the consumers and opportunities for its improvement
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2020) Mehak Arora; Somya Singhal; Prasad Rasane; Jyoti Singh; Sawinder Kaur; Vikas Kumar; Ashwani Kumar; Ananya Mishra
Snacking is the most common social activity throughout the world. People often snack on various types of foods including, fried foods, dried foods, junk foods and beverages of various kinds. The snack manufacturing industry is now becoming a key food industry throughout the world. These snack products could be classified into various types based on the raw material used and the technique used in their manufacturing. Snacking has a dual impact on human health. It helps in controlling hunger and may help reduce excess calorie intake. On the otherhand, it can lead to obesity, dia-betes, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, if consumed uncontrolably and prepared with unhealthy ingredients. Thus, understanding the role of snack and development of healthy snack is equally necessary to determine the appropriate status of snack and snacking product in the human di-et. The present review aims to classify the various types of snacks into different categories based on the ingredients and techniques used. It also highlights the impact of snacks on human health and research progress made to develop healthy snacks. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.
Source Parameters and High Frequency Characteristics of Local Events (0.5 ≤ M L ≤ 2.9) Around Bilaspur Region of the Himachal Himalaya
(Birkhauser Verlag AG, 2017) Vandana; Ashwani Kumar; S.C. Gupta; O.P. Mishra; Arjun Kumar; Sandeep
Source parameters of 41 local events (0.5 ≤ ML ≤ 2.9) occurred around Bilaspur region of the Himachal Lesser Himalaya from May 2013 to March 2014 have been estimated adopting Brune model. The estimated source parameters include seismic moments (Mo), source radii (r), and stress drops (Δσ), and found to vary from 4.9 × 1019 to 7 × 1021 dyne-cm, about 187–518 m and less than 1 bar to 51 bars, respectively. The decay of high frequency acceleration spectra at frequencies above fmax has been modelled using two functions: a high-cut filter and κ factor. Stress drops of 11 events, with M0 between 1 × 1021 and 7 × 1021 dyne-cm, vary from 11 bars to 51 bars with an average of 22 bars. From the variation of the maximum stress drop with focal depth it appears that the strength of the upper crust decreases below 20 km. A scaling law M0 = 2 × 1022 fc −3.03 between M0, and corner frequency (fc), has been developed for the region. This law almost agrees with that for the Kameng region of the Arunachal Lesser Himalaya. fc is found to be source dependent whereas fmax is source independent and seems to indicate that the size of the cohesive zone is not sensitive to the earthquake size. At four sites fmax is found to vary from 14 to 23, 11 to 19, 9 to 23 and 4 to 11 Hz, respectively. The κ is found to vary from 0.01 to 0.035 s with an average of 0.02 s. This range of variation is a large compared to the κ variation between 0.023 and 0.07 s for the Garhwal and Kumaon Himalaya. For various regions of the world, the κ varies over a broad range from 0.003 to 0.08 s, and for the Bilaspur region the κ estimates are found to be consistent with other regions of the world. © 2017, Springer International Publishing.
Standardization and Evaluation of Diode LASER for the Excision of Superficial Growths in Dogs
(Indian Veterinary Assocaition, 2022) Devinder Pal Singh; Ashwani Kumar; Rahul Kumar Udehiya; N. Umeshwori Devi; Kuldeep Gupta; Arun Anand
This study standardized diode LASER on six adult canine cadavers for optimum power settings (6W to 12W at 980nm wavelength) required to make a 3 cm full thickness skin incision. Increasing the power setting reduced both the time required and the total energy absorbed by tissues. However, the low power setting (6W) was associated with more severe charring. Based on the gross and histological parameters, the power settings of 8W and 10W were assessed as optimum and used for the resection of superficial growths in 18 dogs. Growths<2cm (group I) and 2-5 cm (in group II) were excised using diode LASER at 8W; whereas, 10W was used in group III (5-10 cm). Growth size influenced the degree of charring, haemorrhage, total energy absorbed and time required for complete excision; however, degree of charring could not be correlated with the total energy absorbed. Presence of inflammation and oedema, quality of scar and cosmetic appearances were associated with the size of growth. Out of 18 cases, 3 showed wound dehiscence probably associated with the critical location of the lesions since the growths were near elbow and stifle joint and 2 cases (mast cell tumour and osteosarcoma) had local recurrence. Diode LASER (at 980 nm wavelength) is recommended as an alternative surgical modality at 8W and 10W for the excision of superficial growths in dogs sized<5 cm and 5-10 cm, respectively. © 2022 Indian Veterinary Assocaition. All rights reserved.
Synthesis, antimicrobial and α-glucosidase inhibition of new benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole-indoline derivatives: a combined experimental and computational venture
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Laxmi Deswal; Vikas Verma; Devinder Kumar; Yogesh Deswal; Ashwani Kumar; Rajnish Kumar; Mahavir Parshad; Meenakshi Bhatia
In the current research work, a new series of benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole-indoline derivatives (5a–r) were designed and synthesized by employing click reaction between substituted N-propargylated benzimidazole derivatives and in situ formed substituted 2-azido-1-(indolin-1-yl)ethanone derivatives in moderate to good yields. The structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed with the help of 1D, 2D-NMR, FTIR and HRMS. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their biocidal effects against four bacterial and two fungal strains. The obtained results indicate stronger inhibitory effect of compound 5o against E. coli, while compound 5r showed good inhibition against all the tested strains except B. subtilis. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition of all synthesized derivatives identified 5p (IC50 value = 0.015 ± 0.0003 μmol/mL) and 5r (IC50 value = 0.018 ± 0.0008 μmol/mL) as potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase, even better than standard drug Acarbose. Molecular modelling studies into the binding sites of α-glucosidase indicate the stable anchoring of 5p and 5r with favourable binding interactions. In addition, pharmacokinetic/dynamic attributes of compounds were estimated by using the ADMET profile. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2022, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences.
Urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker: synthesis, antimicrobial potential, pharmacokinetic profile and in silico mechanistic studies
(Institute for Ionics, 2022) Nisha Poonia; Kashmiri Lal; Ashwani Kumar; Anil Kumar; Srikanta Sahu; Anurag T. K. Baidya; Rajnish Kumar
Some urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker were synthesized via Cu(I)-catalysed click reaction. After successfully analysed by various spectral techniques including FTIR, NMR and HRMS, antimicrobial screening of the synthesized hybrids along with their precursors was carried out against two Gram (+) bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus endophyticus), two Gram (−) bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and two fungi (Candida albicans and Rhizopus oryzae). All the synthesized compounds (4a–4l) displayed better biological response than the standard fluconazole against both of the tested fungi. Compounds 4h and 4j were found to be the most active compounds against R. oryzae and C. albicans, respectively. Molecular docking of hybrid 4j and its alkyne precursor 1b in the active site of C. albicans target sterol 14-α demethylase was also performed and was also supported by molecular dynamics studies. In silico ADME prediction of synthesized urea-thiazole/benzothiazole hybrids with a triazole linker and their alkyne precursors was also predicted. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.