Browsing by Author "B.K. Das"

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Acardiac anomaly spectrum
(Wiley-Liss Inc., 2000) C. Mohanty; O.P. Mishra; C.P. Singh; B.K. Das; P.N. Singla
Background: Acardiac anomaly spectrum is a rare congenital malformation found in monozygotic twin pregnancy. Besides the absence of heart, the condition is associated with variable grades of developmental disruption. Thus, no two cases are similar. Methods: This case report is based on physical examination and autopsy findings. Results: The twin had acardia and partial development of head and face. There was complete absence of upper extremities. Conclusions: The twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) theory is the most accepted etiology of the disorder. Normally, the cephalic pole is the most severely affected, being most distal to the retrograde perfusion. In acardia, partial development of head, face, and brain is usually associated with the development of the upper extremities. However, in the present case, there was extensive cephalic development in the absence of upper extremity development. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis in typhoid fever [2]
(Oxford University Press, 1996) O.P. Mishra; B.K. Das; J. Prakash
[No abstract available]
Adenosine deaminase activity and lysozyme levels in children with tuberculosis
(Oxford University Press, 2000) O.P. Mishra; S. Yusaf; Z. Ali; G. Nath; B.K. Das
Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and lysozyme levels were measured in 51 patients with tuberculosis (21 pulmonary, 15 miliary, 11 neurotuberculoma and four abdominal plus osteoarticular) and 20 healthy controls. The mean serum ADA activity and lysozyme levels were significantly raised in children with different forms of tuberculosis in comparison with controls (p < 0.001). The neurotuberculoma cases had the lowest mean enzyme levels and the differences were significant when compared with other forms of tuberculosis. The cut-off serum ADA activity of ≥ 42 IU/l and lysozyme level of ≥ 20 U/l were diagnostic of tuberculosis with 100 per cent sensitivity. A significant correlation was observed between the two parameters (r = 0.66; p < 0.001). Thus, with compatible clinical presentation, the raised serum level of either ADA or lysozyme can be used as a supportive diagnostic test.
Anthropometric parameters for the assessment of nutritional status in (0-6) years children in Varanasi
(2000) Lipi Das; Indira Bishnoi; B.K. Das
For the assessment of nutritional status, anthropometric parameters of 232 children aged (0-6) years admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, I. M. S., B. H. U. were taken. The children were subjected to cross sectional assessment of physical growth. Various anthropometric characteristics like weight, length/height, circumferences of head, chest and mid-arm demonstrated progressive increase with advancing age of the child. Boys had superior mean values for all the physical parameters at all the ages as compared to the girls. The mean values for all the parameters in both boys and girls were significantly inferior to the 50th percentile of Harvard Standard.
Association of tissue transglutaminase with nerve growth factor, prolidase activity and oxidative stress in celiac patients
(Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2018) Akhilesh Kumar Verma; Ankur Sharma; B.K. Das; Shalabh Srivastava; Ragini Srivastava
Introduction: Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune gastrointestinal disorder; it is characterised by chronic inflammation and elevation of tissue Transglutaminase Immunoglobulin-A (tTG-IgA). Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and prolidase enzyme are elevated in different autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases; however, the status of NGF and prolidase enzyme remains unexplored in celiac patients till date. Aim: To evaluate the correlation of tTG-IgA to NGF, Serum Prolidase Activity (SPA) and oxidative stress in the CD patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 92 subjects, 46 patients with CD and remaining 46 healthy controls. The tTG-IgA and NGF were measured with the use of ELISA kit. SPA and oxidative stress were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: The tTG-IgA, NGF, SPA, Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) were significantly elevated in the serum of patients as compared to controls (all p<0.001); however, Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) was significantly decreased (p<0.001). The tTG-IgA showed a positive correlation with NGF, SPA, TOS and OSI in the patients (all p<0.001); while it was negatively correlated to TAS (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study concluded that elevated NGF, prolidase enzyme, tTG and oxidative stress might be associated with the pathogenesis of celiac disease. © 2018, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved.
Bacterial Antigen Detection Test in Meningitis
(The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2003) B.K. Das; Rajesh Lal Gurubacharya; T.M. Mohapatra; O.P. Mishra
Objective: To evaluate the role of bacterial antigen detection test in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for a rapid etiological diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Methods: The study included 36 cases of bacterial meningitis and 14 controls. Latex particle agglutination test (LPA test) for detection of bacterial antigen was done in the CSF using slidex meningitis kit (Biomeriux, France). Results: Using LPA test, an etiological diagnosis could be made in 83% cases of bacterial meningitis. In contrast, CSF Gram stain and culture showed 36% and 6% positivity, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of LPA test were 83% and 100%, respectively. The common etiological organisms were S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type b and N. meningitidis A. S. pneumoniae was encountered in all age groups while H. influenzae type b was found only below one year of age. Conclusions: LPA test is a rapid and superior diagnostic tool as compared to CSF Gram stain and culture. The study recommends LPA test as an adjunct laboratory test for rapid etiological diagnosis of bacterial meningitis for prompt institution of proper antibiotics.
Blood glucose and serum insulin response in protein-energy malnutrition following nutritional rehabilitation
(Oxford University Press, 1998) B.K. Das; Jayanthy Ramesh; J.K. Agarwal; O.P. Mishra; R.P. Bhatt
Fifteen children with protein-energy malnutrition and eight healthy children between the ages of 6 months and 60 months were studied for blood glucose and serum insulin levels in the fasting state and 120 minutes following oral glucose load. The measurements were repeated after normalization of the body weight following 6 weeks of nutritional rehabilitation. The fasting blood glucose increased significantly in the post-treatment period and became comparable to the control value. The abnormal blood glucose response to oral glucose load also normalized. The serum insulin level rose significantly (p < 0.001) in the post-treatment period but failed to normalize. The response to oral glucose load was similar. The observed lower insulin response, despite normoglycemia, after 6 weeks of nutritional rehabilitation indicates persistence of hormonal imbalance which may need a longer duration of rehabilitation for full recovery.
Blood sugar and serum insulin response in protein-energy malnutrition
(Oxford University Press, 1998) B.K. Das; Jayanthy Ramesh; J.K. Agarwal; O.P. Mishra; R.P. Bhatt
Blood sugar and serum insulin levels in the fasting state and following an oral glucose load in children with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) were studied. Twenty-nine children with PEM (15 marasmus, 7 kwashiorkor, and 7 marasmic kwashiorkor) and eight healthy children aged between 6 and 60 months were the subjects of the study. Fasting samples were collected after a 6 h fast. Post-glucose samples were collected after an oral glucose load of 1.75 g/kg. Serum insulin was estimated by radioimmunoassay and glucose by the glucose oxidase method. In malnourished children, the mean fasting blood glucose levels were significantly lower. Two hours following an oral glucose load, only marasmus and marasmic kwashiorkor patients showed significantly higher blood glucose levels. Similarly, the fasting serum insulin levels were significantly lower in malnourished children. Two hours after the oral glucose load, serum insulin levels increased significantly in malnourished children but fell well short of the control values. The insulin:glucose ratio was consistently low in all cases but was more marked in PEM patients, both in the basal state as well as after oral glucose loading.
Cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity and C-reactive protein in tuberculous and partially treated bacterial meningitis
(1995) O.P. Mishra; V. Loiwal; Z. Ali; G. Nath; L. Chandra; B.K. Das
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity measurement and C-reactive protein (C-RP) detection were done in CSF of 27 tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and 8 patients of partially treated bacterial meningitis, apart from routine biochemical tests. Both the groups had comparable CSF cell count, protein and sugar concentrations. The mean CSF ADA activity was significantly raised in TBM as compared to partially treated bacterial meningitis patients (p < 0.05). A cut-off ADA level of ≤5 IU/L and C-RP positivity were used for differentiation of partially treated bacterial from TBM cases. Based on this, the sensitivity and specificity of ADA and C-RP were 62.5%, 88.9% and 75%, 100%, respectively. Since both the tests are simple and take lesser time to perform, they can be used as rapid diagnostic tests to remove diagnostic dilemma between the two diseases.
Cerebrospinal fluid and serum zinc, copper, magnesium and calcium levels in children with idiopathic seizure
(2009) Rajniti Prasad; A. Singh; B.K. Das; R.S. Upadhyay; T.B. Singh; O.P. Mishra
Objectives: The present study was conducted to observe the alteration and their relations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) levels in patients with different types of idiopathic seizure and to determine the ratios of serum and CSF Ca/Mg and Cu/Zn. Methods: The children aged 1 to 14 years, having two or more unprovoked seizures, which were detected by normal MRI scan and abnormal EEG were included in the study group. The control group consisted of 40 healthy children without seizure. Zn, Mg and Cu levels in CSF and serum were analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The study subjects included 34 generalized seizures (GS), 5 cases of simple partial seizure (SPS) and 5 Complex partial seizures (CPS). Serum copper (Cu) was significantly elevated (P-0.01) in children with seizures. Within the seizure group, serum Mg was significantly increased in GS and serum copper (Cu) levels were significantly increased in CPS and GS as compared to controls (p-0.001). However, calcium and zinc levels did not show any significant change in all groups. CSF Calcium was significantly increased in CPS patients. The ratio obtained for the levels of these parameters revealed a significant increase in serum Cu/Zn ratio (P-0.002) and CSF Ca/Mg (P-0.04) in patients with idiopathic seizure as compared to controls. This ratio was also significant between SPS versus CPS and CPS versus GS. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that high serum Cu and the increased ratio of serum Cu/Zn and CSF Ca/ Mg may be responsible for enhanced neuronal excitability in children with idiopathic seizures.
Cerebrospinal fluid Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) in children with tuberculous meningitis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Annapurna Rai; Rajniti Prasad; B.K. Das; Shampa Anupurba; Utpal Kant Singh
Objectives: To observe the role of CSF Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and determine its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Methods: A prospective study was done from October 2017 to March 2020. CSF samples of 55 children diagnosed as tuberculous meningitis as per defined clinical and imaging criteria, were subjected to routine CSF analysis, MGIT culture and CBNAAT. Children on prior anti-tuberculous therapy for more than one month were excluded from study. Results: Of 55 children, meningeal signs were present in 54.5% children. Neurological deficits were present in 47.3%. Common CT brain findings were communicating hydrocephalus followed by infarct and basal exudates. CSF Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) were positive in 9 (16.4%), of which 6 was also culture positive and 3; negative. Two children were rifampicin resistant. Fifteen (27.3%) children had positive CSF culture. Gene XPERT showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of 40%, 92.5%, 66.7%, 80.4% and 78.2% respectively as compared to culture. Conclusion: Although sensitivity of CSF CBNAAT is low i.e. 40% but positive result not only confirm bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis but also reveal about rifampicin sensitivity and resistance for plan of therapy. © 2021
Cerebrospinal fluid lysozyme level for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in children
(2003) O.P. Mishra; P. Batra; Z. Ali; S. Anupurba; B.K. Das
Lysozyme activity was assayed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 32 tuberculous meningitis (TBM), 17 bacterial meningitis, 10 partially treated bacterial meningitis, 18 encephalitis and 18 control subjects. The mean CSF lysozyme activity was significantly raised (p < 0.001) in TBM patients compared with other study groups. A cut-off CSF lysozyme level of ≥ 26 U/l had a sensitivity and specificity of 93.7 and 84.1 per cent, respectively for the diagnosis of TBM. Overall, it was found to be a better test than any other single test and thus can be used for rapid and early diagnosis of TBM in children.
Class I histiocytosis: Response to combination of etoposide and prednisolone
(1999) Vikram Datta; O.P. Mishra; B.K. Das; Mohan Kumar; V. Bhargava; P.N. Singla
[No abstract available]
Clinical profile and Japanese encephalitis viral serological screening of children with acute encephalitis in Varanasi, India [3]
(Oxford University Press, 1998) B.K. Das; A.B. Ponkshe; A.K. Gulati; O.P. Mishra
[No abstract available]
Clinico-radiological follow-up study of empyema thoracis in children [2]
(1996) O.P. Mishra; B.K. Das; A.K. Jain; T.K. Lahiri; P.C. Sen; V. Bhargava
[No abstract available]
Coagulation status and platelet functions in children with severe falciparum malaria and their correlation of outcome
(2009) Rajniti Prasad; B.K. Das; Rahul Pengoria; Om P. Mishra; Jyoti Shukla; Tej B. Singh
This study was undertaken to observe the changes in coagulation and platelet profile, and findings were correlated with their outcome. Forty consecutive children with severe falciparum malaria were studied for their coagulation status, i.e. prothrombin time (PT), activated thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and anti-thrombin-III (AT-III), platelet profile (platelet count, platelet aggregation with adenine diphosphate (ADP) and ADR and PF3 availability). Derangements in the coagulation profile in the form of increased PT, APTT and/or TT were seen in 47.5, 35 and 62.5% cases, respectively, but bleeding was seen in only six cases. Thrombocytopenia was found in 34 patients. Platelet aggregation with ADP and ADR revealed hypoaggregation in 95.3 and 97.5% cases, respectively, and were statistically significant. Platelet factor-3 availability was also significantly prolonged. Patients with prolonged PT, PF-3 and hypoaggregation with adrenaline had 1.4, 1.7 and 1.45 times higher risk of mortality. © The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Comparative outcome of low birth weight babies.
(1993) B.K. Das; R.N. Mishra; O.P. Mishra; V. Bhargava; A. Prakash
One hundred and fifty six babies with birth weight between 1500-2000 g and 103 full term-appropriate for gestational age (FT-AGA) babies delivered at University Hospital, District Hospital and village homes were included for a comparative study of mortality, morbidity and growth pattern. The low birth weight (LBW) babies from the three centres had similar birth weight and gestational age. Neonatal mortality rates for the LBW babies were similar at the three centres. The main cause of death were infections and aspiration with rates again being similar. Diarrhea and respiratory tract infections were common causes of morbidity. The mortality rates for the LBW babies were significantly higher as compared to FT-AGA babies irrespective of the place of delivery. The incidence of morbidities like diarrhea and respiratory infections were also higher in LBW babies. However, the differences were statistically significant mostly in the preterm group. The weight gain of all LBW babies was similar up to 3 months of age. The findings of an identical outcome for the LBW babies at village level to those managed at hospitals is an encouraging trend to increasing domiciliary care for LBW babies.; Between February 1985 and January 1986 in India, pediatricians compared outcomes of 156 low birth weight (LBW) infants (1500-2000 g) with those of 103 full term-appropriate for gestational age (FT-AGA) infants. They followed up on the infants at 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. The LBW infants consisted of 55 full term-intrauterine growth retardation (FT-IUGR) infants and 101 premature infants. Both sets of infants were born at Banaras Hindu University Hospital and Ishwari Memorial District Hospital both in Varanasi and in 10 villages of Cholapur Block in Varanasi. The village mothers were trained in neonatal care, which included general cleanliness, hand washing, adequate baby clothing, maintenance of body temperature, and cord care with spirits and triple dye. The birth weight and gestational age of LBW infants from the 3 centers were similar. The neonatal mortality rate was essentially the same for LBW infants in all 3 groups (e.g., 21% for the university hospital, 18% for the district hospital, and 18% for the villages). The neonatal mortality rate for LBW infants was significantly higher than that of FT-AGA infants (p .01 for university hospital, p .05 for district hospital, and p .05 for villages). The death rate due to infection was similar for all 3 groups (58%, 55%, and 66%, respectively). Diarrhea and upper respiratory infection were common causes of morbidity. Diarrhea and upper respiratory infection occurred more often in FT-IUGR infants and premature infants than in FT-AGA infants. The differences tended to be significant only between premature infants and FT-AGA infants, however.. The LBW infants born in the villages gained weight at a similar rate as those born in the university and district hospitals. These findings suggest that adequate care includes health and nutrition education, follow-up, and parental participation of infant's health care.
Congenital factor XIII deficiency.
(1993) J. Shukla; B. Dube; R.K. Dube; B.K. Das; O.P. Mishra
[No abstract available]
Cushing syndrome induced by parents: A report of two cases
(2010) S. Basu; N. Verma; A. Kumar; B.K. Das
Cushing syndrome developed in two children following inappropriate dosage and duration of corticosteroids by parents. One was a 7-year-old boy who was prescribed prednisolone for treatment of neurocysticercosis. The other was a 1-year-old boy who was prescribed oral betamethasone for a respiratory infection. © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2010.
Diagnosis of typhoid fever by polymerase chain reaction
(2007) S.R. Ambati; Gopal Nath; B.K. Das
Objective. To determine the efficacy of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detecting Salmonella typhi gene sequences in blood and urine specimens and to determine the cut-off titer of Widal test using PCR as gold standard test for diagnosis of typhoid fever. Methods. Study included 71 children between the ages of 8 months and 14 years; 52 of them were suspected cases of typhoid fever, 11 were febrile non-typhoid controls, and 8 were apparently healthy children. Nested PCR in Blood and Urine, Blood culture, Widal test and Urine culture were done and their results analyzed. Results. Among suspected typhoid cases, PCR in blood and urine had positivity of 82.7% each. Blood culture, Widal test (at cut off titer TO and / or TH ≥1:160) and urine culture had positivity of 26.9%, 50% and 3.8% respectively. In one case, urine PCR was positive and blood PCR was negative. Similarly, in another case, PCR in blood was positive however urine tested negative. Considering PCR as gold standard, the antibody cut off titer was evaluated. A cut-off titer of TO ≥ 1:80 and/or TH ≥ 1:160 had sensitivity and specificity of 72.7% and 84.2%, while the respective figures were 50% and 89.5% when the cut-off titer was TO and/or TH ≥ 1:160. Conclusion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratios were same for PCR based detection of S. typhi in blood and urine samples. Nested PCR had higher efficacy in detecting typhoid fever than Widal test, blood and urine cultures. A cut off titer of TO ≥ 1:80 and/or TH ≥ 1:160 was found to have better diagnostic value in this region. © 2007 Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation.