Browsing by Author "C.M. Pandey"

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Maternal determinants of immunization status of children aged 12-23 months in urban slums of Varanasi, India
(Elsevier, 2015) Ashish Awasthi; C.M. Pandey; Uttam Singh; Sarvesh Kumar; T.B. Singh
Problem considered: The risk of health problems from vaccine-preventable diseases is highest in those who experience barriers in accessing immunization services. These barriers could be cost, location, lack of awareness of immunization services and their health benefits or other limiting factors. Material & methods: The present study was conducted to identify the determinants of complete immunization status among children aged 12-23 months in urban slums of Varanasi in India. A modified WHO EPI cluster sampling method has been used for sample selection. Data on 384 children were collected using pretested questionnaire through house to house visit. Chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the factors associated with complete immunization status in the urban slums of Varanasi. Results: Only 57.03% children have received the complete recommended immunization schedule under universal immunization program. Significant determinants of the complete immunization were maternal age (OR. = 1.86, 95% CI 1.54-3.23), parity less than three (OR. = 2.84, 95% CI 1.98-3.73), employment status of mother (OR. = 1.39, 95% CI 1.21-2.63) and mother's education higher than secondary level (OR. = 1.59, 95% CI 1.30-2.88). Conclusion: More than half the way is complete to achieve the target of universal immunization against vaccine preventable diseases among children, but there is need to address the issue of dropout. Mother's education, low parity, maternal age and employment status of mothers are main factors associated with adherence of immunization schedule. It is necessary that interventions should be strengthened to minimize immunization dropout in the vulnerable children. © 2014 INDIACLEN.
Model for first birth interval and some social factors
(1988) B.N. Bhattacharya; C.M. Pandey; K.K. Singh
A probability distribution for describing the time of first live birth is developed which is more suitable for traditional societies where the age at marriage is low. The model takes account of temporary separation between husband and wife just after marriage and indirectly incorporates adolescent sterility and the restriction on sexual union imposed on younger couples. The model is applied to the data collected in the large scale sample survey entitled "Rural Development and Population Growth-A Sample Survey 1978" conducted by Centre of Population Studies, Banaras Hindu University, India. © 1988.
Patterns and determinants of dyslipidaemia in 'Young' versus 'Not so Young' patients of coronary artery disease: A multicentric, randomised observational study in northern India
(Elsevier B.V., 2012) Nakul Sinha; Sudeep Kumar; Himanshu Rai; Neha Singh; Aditya Kapoor; Satyendra Tewari; R.K. Saran; V.S. Narain; R.P.S. Bharadwaj; R.K. Bansal; P.C. Saxena; P.R. Sinha; P.R. Gupta; Mukul Mishra; Praveen Jain; C.M. Pandey; Uttam Singh; S.S. Agarwal
Aims: The aims of the study were to ascertain difference in lipid levels of 'Young' onset of coronary artery disease (CAD) (≤ 45 years) vs. 'Not so Young' onset of CAD (≥ 55 years) among north Indians and also to investigate determinants of 'dyslipidaemia' in CAD patients. Methods: This was a prospective, multicentric, randomised, observational study carried in eight cen- tres of UP, India. All blood investigations were performed employing a central laboratory. Results: Out of a total 435 patients studied, 218 were in the 'young group' (YG) and 235 were in the 'Not so Young Group' (NSYG). Dyslipidaemia was more common in YG as evident by significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low- and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as compared to NSYG. Diabetes, hypertension, urban lifestyle, and family history of CAD were found to be important determinants of dyslipidaemia in YG. Conclusion: We conclude that lipid levels among north Indians are significantly higher in younger patients with CAD when compared with elderly. © 2012, Cardiological Society of India. All rights reserved.
Some models for number of births and estimates of natural age-specific fecundability and sterility for a rural part of Northern India
(1987) B.N. Bhattacharya; K.K. Singh; C.M. Pandey
Probability models describing observed distributions of births occuring to women in different segments of the reproductive span are proposed. By applying the models to real data, the values and trends in fecundability and sterility of women in rural areas of northern India are studied. © 1987.
Spectrophotometric determination of cobalt with cobaltone-I (p-nitrophenylhydrazone of diacetylmonoxime)
(Springer-Verlag, 1961) G.S. Deshmukh; V.D. Anand; C.M. Pandey
Cobalt(II) in ammoniacal solution forms a pink, water soluble complex with Cobaltone-I (p-nitrophenylhydrazone of diacetylmonoxime) in the pH range 11.7-11.9 with absorption peak at 520 nm. The system obeys Beer's Law in the concentration range 0.5-5 ppm of cobalt. Effect of different variables on the colored complex has been studied in detail and optimum conditions determined. Most of the common anions do not interfere with the reaction. The tolerance limits of the cations (other than cobalt) forming soluble amines have been determined. Alkali cyanide raises these limits considerably. © 1961 Springer-Verlag.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Cobalt with Thioglycolic Acid
(1961) V.D. Anand; G.S. Deshmukh; C.M. Pandey
The yellow-red color of cobalt(II) with thioglycolic acid (sodium salt) having maximum absorbance at 358 mμ has been employed as the basis for a spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of cobalt. The system was found to obey Beer's law between the concentration limits of 1.0 to 10.0 × 10−6 gram of cobalt(II) and to remain stable for over 48 hours at room temperature. The effects of pH, reagent concentration, time of heating, and aging were studied. Interference by heavy metals such as copper, nickel, iron, chromium, molybdenum, uranium, vanadium, etc. was prevented by extracting cobalt from the solutions. © 1961, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Vitamin a administration and preschool child mortality
(1995) D.K. Agarwal; C.M. Pandey; K.N. Agarwal
A double blind study conducted during January 90-March 91 in a rural part of Varanasi district in Uttar Pradesh state of India on 9987 and 5260 children under six years of age demonstrated that administration of vitamin A reduced overall mortality by 14.0%. The additional data collected from January 1991 to February 92 under similar settings on 1314 and 1200 children of same age in the experimental and control groups respectively and from all children suffering from xerophthalmia who received mega dose of vitamin A (200,000 I.U.), taken together, show that vitamin A supplementation results in 16.9% reduction in mortality. Mortality was reduced in unimmunized children by 22.0%, diarrhea by 18.8% and measles by 9.0%. However, significant reduction in mortality in vitamin A supplemented group was observed only for deaths due to severe malnutrition. No death was recorded in xerophthalmia children who received mega dose of vitamin A (200,000 I.U.). The child survival pattern remained unaltered and mortality pattern remained unchanged significantly even after one year of withdrawal, thus denying the possibility of any substantial change in the study area for births and deaths. Thus the finding that vitamin A supplementation protects against overall mortality and in particular deaths due to gastroenterits, severe malnutrition and in unimmunized children is of significance. © 1995.