Browsing by Author "Chandan Kumar Singh"

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Glycine betaine modulates chromium (VI)-induced morpho-physiological and biochemical responses to mitigate chromium toxicity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars
(Nature Research, 2022) Deepti Singh; Chandan Kumar Singh; Dharmendra Singh; Susheel Kumar Sarkar; Saroj Kumar Prasad; Nathi Lal Sharma; Ishwar Singh
Chromium (Cr) accumulation in crops reduces yield. Here, we grew two chickpea cultivars, Pusa 2085 (Cr-tolerant) and Pusa Green 112 (Cr-sensitive), in hydroponic and pot conditions under different Cr treatments: 0 and 120 µM Cr and 120 µM Cr + 100 mM glycine betaine (GB). For plants grown in the hydroponic media, we evaluated root morphological attributes and plasma membrane integrity via Evans blue uptake. We also estimated H+-ATPase activity in the roots and leaves of both cultivars. Plants in pots under conditions similar to those of the hydroponic setup were used to measure growth traits, oxidative stress, chlorophyll contents, enzymatic activities, proline levels, and nutrient elements at the seedling stage. Traits such as Cr uptake in different plant parts after 42 days and grain yield after 140 days of growth were also evaluated. In both cultivars, plant growth traits, chlorophyll contents, enzymatic activities, nutrient contents, and grain yield were significantly reduced under Cr stress, whereas oxidative stress and proline levels were increased compared to the control levels. Further, Cr uptake was remarkably decreased in the roots and leaves of Cr-tolerant than in Cr-sensitive cultivars. Application of GB led to improved root growth and morpho-physiological attributes and reduced oxidative stress along with reduced loss in plasma membrane integrity and subsequently increase in H+-ATPase activity. An increment in these parameters shows that the exogenous application of GB improves the Cr stress tolerance in chickpea plants. © 2022, The Author(s).
Hydrogen Sulfide and Silicon Together Alleviate Chromium (VI) Toxicity by Modulating Morpho-Physiological and Key Antioxidant Defense Systems in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Deepti Singh; Chandan Kumar Singh; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Saud Alamri; Susheel Kumar Sarkar; Abhishek Rathore; Saroj Kumar Prasad; Dharmendra Singh; Nathi Lal Sharma; Hazem M. Kalaji; Adam Brysiewicz
Extensive use of chromium (Cr) in anthropogenic activities leads to Cr toxicity in plants causing serious threat to the environment. Cr toxicity impairs plant growth, development, and metabolism. In the present study, we explored the effect of NaHS [a hydrogen sulfide; (H2S), donor] and silicon (Si), alone or in combination, on two chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties (Pusa 2085 and Pusa Green 112), in pot conditions under Cr stress. Cr stress increased accumulation of Cr reduction of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity and decreased in photosynthetic pigments, essential minerals, relative water contents (RWC), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in both the varieties. Exogenous application of NaHS and Si on plants exposed to Cr stress mitigated the effect of Cr and enhanced the physiological and biochemical parameters by reducing Cr accumulation and oxidative stress in roots and leaves. The interactive effects of NaHS and Si showed a highly significant and positive correlation with PM H+-ATPase activity, photosynthetic pigments, essential minerals, RWC, proline content, and enzymatic antioxidant activities (catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, superoxide dismutase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase). A similar trend was observed for non-enzymatic antioxidant activities (ascorbic acid, glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and dehydroascorbic acid level) in leaves while oxidative damage in roots and leaves showed a negative correlation. Exogenous application of NaHS + Si could enhance Cr stress tolerance in chickpea and field studies are warranted for assessing crop yield under Cr-affected area. Copyright © 2022 Singh, Singh, Siddiqui, Alamri, Sarkar, Rathore, Prasad, Singh, Sharma, Kalaji and Brysiewicz.
Optimization of Process and Physico-Chemical Properties of Ready-to-Serve (RTS) Beverage of Cane Juice with Curd
(2012) Ram Kumar Singh; Alok Jha; Chandan Kumar Singh; Kanchan Singh
Sugarcane juice was extracted in the month of February from matured fresh sugarcane variety CoS 95255, which was raised using standard agronomical practices. Juice was extracted after though cleaning of cane stalks using standard methods. Cane juice from sugarcane variety was used in this study having 18.3-19.5 0brix total soluble solid (TSS), 0.13-0.18 % acidity, 6.05-6.16 mg/100 g ascorbic acid, 59.14-63.18 0brix sucrose, 5.1-5.4 pH and 4.36-5.43 0brix reducing sugar. The proportions of sugarcane juice with curd in the RTS beverage was optimized using various cane juice to curd proportions. Sugarcane juice with curd was preserved and packed in 200 ml glass bottles and kept for different storage periods (0, 5, 15 and 20 days). Beverages prepared from 4:1 proportion of juice: curd were found superior after 15 days of storage. © 2012 Society for Sugar Research & Promotion.
Socio-economic profile of beneficiaries of Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) of Amaniganj block of Faizabad district (U. P.)
(Agri Bio Research Publishers, 2016) Rahul Kumar Singh; R.K. Doharey; Abhishek Pratap Singh; N.K. Tiwari; Chandan Kumar Singh; Vikas Kumar Singh
A study was conducted in Amaniganj block of Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh to know the socio-economic profile of beneficiaries of Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) during the year 2013. One hundred farmers were selected randomly from the list of five purposely selected villages i. e. Raipatti, Manjhanpur Manudeeh, Satemau and Taldholi. The relevant variables were selected after reviewing the literatures available and the works done in the field prior to the present investigation. Age, caste, family size, family type, land holding capacity, occupation, social participation, material possession, scientific orientation, economic motivation, risk orientation and value orientation were considered as socio-economic indicators. A well structured and pre-tested interview schedule was used for data collection through personal interview method. The data were analyzed by using percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were middle aged (66%), literate (82 %) and belonged to general caste (40%). Majority of the respondents belonged to nuclear family (52%), medium sized family (69%) with mixed housing pattern (56%) and having marginal land holding (72%); most of them adopted agriculture as a main occupation (15.00%) and participated in one organization (41%). Majority of the respondents (70%) were observed to be in the medium category (17-53 scores) of materials possession and having medium level of economic motivation (67%); majority of the respondents were having medium level of scientific orientation (66%), medium level of risk orientation (62%) and had medium level of value orientation (59%).