Browsing by Author "Charan Singh"

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Interplay between food-associated oxidative stress and NDG disorders
(Elsevier, 2024) Lakshay Kapil; Vishal Kumar; Sanchit Arora; Simranjit Kaur; Sonima Prasad; Charan Singh; Arti Singh
Food-associated oxidative stress has a significant impact on the pathophysiology of many diseases and is often influenced by dietary patterns, food preferences, and nutrient intake. Unhealthy eating practices also cause the creation of free radicals, which interact with polyunsaturated fatty acids to create lipid peroxides. When these peroxides degrade, a chain of events begins that includes the production of the recognized mutagen malondialdehyde (MDA). Lipid peroxides have been demonstrated to reduce membrane permeability and flexibility, which may lead to cell damage. These changes are probably more pronounced in long-lived, primarily postmitotic cells like neurons, which may result in a variety of illnesses. In the study, several micro- and macronutrients, their origins, and associated dysfunctions are highlighted along with the mechanism underlying food-associated oxidative stress. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Nanotherapeutics in pulmonary infections
(Elsevier, 2025) Sanchit Arora; Archna Panghal; Jayant Kumar; Charan Singh
Pulmonary infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and respiratory virus infections pose serious threats around the world. Systemic delivery of drugs for lung infection treatment is often limited due to inadequate organ distribution, relatively less retention time of active chemicals in the lungs, antimicrobial resistance, and severe side effects. Nanotechnology has made amazing progress over the last few years, providing opportunities to address difficulties in conventional treatment strategies. Nanotherapeutics have the ability to encapsulate compounds with varying solubility, deliver different types of cargo, and particularly target the specific organ, cell, or cellular organelle. Furthermore, many nanotherapeutics can be given locally to the lungs via inhalation, avoiding systemic circulation. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a thorough overview of nanotherapeutics in the realm of pulmonary infections. We investigate the potential applications of nanoscale formulations such as nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers in combating pulmonary infections. Furthermore, we emphasize the various approaches used in nanotherapeutics, such as targeted drug delivery, antibacterial strategies, and immunomodulation. In addition, we discuss various challenges related to nanotherapeutics, such as regulatory issues, clinical translation, and long-term toxicity. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Piperine loaded metal organic frameworks reverse doxorubicin induced chemobrain in adult zebrafish
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Sanchit Arora; Vishal Kumar; Lakshay Kapil; Ashish Kumar Agrawal; Arti Singh; Charan Singh
The study's primary goal was to enhance medicinal potential of piperine (PIP)-loaded zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (PIP@ZIF-8) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cognitive impairments in zebrafish. Herein, PIP@ZIF-8 was synthesized via easy, economical and reproducible ultrasonication method followed by spray drying technology. ZIF-8's structural integrity has been confirmed by PXRD, and even after PIP was encapsulated, the structure of ZIF-8 remained unchanged. Pure ZIF-8 and PIP@ZIF-8 were subjected to TEM analysis, which revealed hexagonal morphology with a nanosize range. FTIR and UV–Visible spectroscopy studies confirmed the drug loading of ZIF-8. Studies on in vitro release revealed 71.48 ± 7.21% and 34.56 ± 5.35% PIP release from PIP@ZIF-8 and unformulated PIP, respectively in pH 7.4. The highest antioxidant scavenging results were obtained with vitamin C (73.77 ± 6.7%) at an intensity of 200 μg/ml, though it was 65.09 ± 2.5% and 57.99 ± 3.1% for PIP@ZIF-8 and PIP, respectively. In vivo studies on zebrafish showed that DOX administration remarkably impaired cognitive activity in T-Maze, and downregulated spatial memory and locomotor activity in the open field test. In addition, DOX administration caused a downregulation in GSH and SOD levels and increase in LPO, AChE and TNF-α levels compared to the vehicle group along with changes in brain histopathology. Further, PIP@ZIF-8 reversed the DOX-induced cognitive impairments by its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. It can be concluded that PIP@ZIF-8 has a promising therapeutic potential against the chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments in zebrafish. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.