Browsing by Author "Dalpat Lal"

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Combined Abiotic Stresses: Challenges and Potential for Crop Improvement
(MDPI, 2022) Rubab Shabbir; Rajesh Kumar Singhal; Udit Nandan Mishra; Jyoti Chauhan; Talha Javed; Sadam Hussain; Sachin Kumar; Hirdayesh Anuragi; Dalpat Lal; Pinghua Chen
Abiotic stressors are major constraints that affect agricultural plant physio-morphological and biochemical attributes, resulting in a loss of normal functioning and, eventually, a severe decline in crop productivity. The co-occurrence of different abiotic stresses, rather than a specific stress situation, can alter or trigger a wide range of plant responses, such as altered metabolism, stunted growth, and restricted development. Therefore, systematic and rigorous studies are pivotal for understanding the impact of concurrent abiotic stress conditions on crop productivity. In doing so, this review emphasizes the implications and potential mechanisms for controlling/managing combined abiotic stresses, which can then be utilized to identify genotypes with combined stress tolerance. Furthermore, this review focuses on recent biotechnological approaches in deciphering combined stress tolerance in plants. As a result, agronomists, breeders, molecular biologists, and field pathologists will benefit from this literature in assessing the impact of interactions between combined abiotic stresses on crop performance and development of tolerant/resistant cultivars. © 2022 by the authors.
Molecular advances in plant root system architecture response and redesigning for improved performance under unfavorable environments
(Elsevier, 2021) Indu; Dalpat Lal; Basant Kumar Dadrwal; Debanjana Saha; Subhash Chand; Jyoti Chauhan; Prajjal Dey; Vivek Kumar; Udit Nandan Mishra; Akash Hidangmayum; Ankita Singh; Rajesh Kumar Singhal
A future challenge in crop improvement, mostly driven by global unfavorable environment variables, is to develop climate smart crops that are competent for multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Researchers have addressed the elementary mechanism focused on aboveground plant organs, as extensive study on root traits are very confined. Moreover, most of our knowledge regarding root research is limited to certain developmental aspects, while a direct connectivity to developing environment sensitive roots under various stresses is extremely urgent to explore thoroughly. Therefore this chapter covers the most recent research on the root system architecture (RSA) of different crop species with regard to different extreme environmental variables such as high temperature, elevated CO2, low temperature, drought, excess water, and stressed soil. We highlight the recent physiological, genetic, and molecular strategies used in the rapid advancement of RSA traits under these stresses. There is an urgent need to explore RSA in order to improve crop stress tolerance, therefore we discuss and explore the link between RSA and stress tolerance. Further, this chapter will provide new insights into the relevance of the redesign and selection of improved RSA for the development of climate resilient plants. We conclude by discussing the functional and molecular evidence of RSA components such as deep root weight, root length density, root volume, root penetration, and other root traits for improving root plasticity in a fluctuating environment, which will help the researchers to select RSA pipelines for abiotic stress resilience and crop improvement programs. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.