Browsing by Author "Daphika S Dkhar"

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Label-Free Bioelectronic Impedimetric Immunosensing Device for Alkaline Phosphatase Detection Using Graphene Oxide and Chitosan-Silk Fibroin-Polycaprolactone-Hydroxyapatite-Based Hybrid
(American Chemical Society, 2024) None Darshna; Daphika S Dkhar; Pradeep Srivastava; Pranjal Chandra
Bone, a dynamic tissue with diverse functions in the human body, plays vital roles, such as providing structural support and protection to organs, serving as the site for blood cell formation, and acting as the primary storage site for calcium. Osteoblasts, bone-forming cells, express alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which binds to the cell surface or matrix vesicles and can be released into the bloodstream. Consequently, ALP can be found in the serum and is commonly used as a biomarker in clinical studies to assess conditions related to bone diseases as well as other disorders. This study presents a label-free approach for detecting ALP using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using a composite probe consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and chitosan (Ch)-silk fibroin (SF)-polycaprolactone (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HAp) matrix. The GO and composite Ch-SF-PCL-HAp matrix are sequentially deposited on the glassy carbon electrode and further immobilized with anti-ALP antibodies. The biosensor probe is characterized using physical techniques and electrochemical analysis. The biosensor’s analytical performance is assessed using EIS, and it shows a limit of detection of 1.74 (±0.26) U/L with a linear dynamic range of 30-500 U/L, which falls well within the clinical range of ALP detection. The developed biosensor probe exhibits high selectivity for ALP (ksel < 0.04) when tested against interfering molecules in serum. Furthermore, the system is tested with fetal bovine serum and human serum to detect ALP in biological samples. © 2024 American Chemical Society.
Photothermally Active Quantum Dots in Cancer Imaging and Therapeutics: Nanotheranostics Perspective
(American Chemical Society, 2024) Monalisha Debnath; Sayoni Sarkar; Sujit Kumar Debnath; Daphika S Dkhar; Rohini Kumari; Geetha Satya Sainaga Jyothi Vaskuri; Ananya Srivastava; Pranjal Chandra; Rajendra Prasad; Rohit Srivastava
Cancer is becoming a global threat, as the cancerous cells manipulate themselves frequently, resulting in mutants and more abnormalities. Early-stage and real-time detection of cancer biomarkers can provide insight into designing cost-effective diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Nanoparticle and quantum dot (QD)-based approaches have been recognized as clinically relevant methods to detect disease biomarkers at the molecular level. Over decades, as an emergent noninvasive approach, photothermal therapy has evolved to eradicate cancer. Moreover, various structures, viz., nanoparticles, clusters, quantum dots, etc., have been tested as bioimaging and photothermal agents to identify tumor cells selectively. Among them, QDs have been recognized as versatile probes. They have attracted enormous attention for imaging and therapeutic applications due to their unique colloidal stability, optical and physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, easy surface conjugation, scalable production, etc. However, a few critical concerns of QDs, viz., precise engineering for molecular imaging and sensing, selective interaction with the biological system, and their associated toxicity, restrict their potential intervention in curing cancer and are yet to be explored. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there is no specific regulation for the approval of nanomedicines. Therefore, these nanomedicines undergo the traditional drug, biological, and device approval process. However, the market survey of QDs is increasing, and their prospects in translational nanomedicine are very promising. From this perspective, we discuss the importance of QDs for imaging, sensing, and therapeutic usage pertinent to cancer, especially in its early stages. Moreover, we also discuss the rapidly growing translational view of QDs. The long-term safety studies and cellular interaction of these QDs could enhance their visibility and bring photothermally active QDs to the clinical stage and concurrently to FDA approval. © 2024 American Chemical Society.