Browsing by Author "Debjyoti Sen Gupta"

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Environmental adaptation of small-seeded lentils (Lens culinaris) in Indian climates: Insights into crop–environment interactions, mega-environments, and breeding approaches
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ashok Kumar S. Parihar; Shailesh K. Tripathi; Kali Krishna Hazra; Amrit Lamichaney; Debjyoti Sen Gupta; Jitendra Kumar; Anil Kumar Singh; Jai Dev Sharma; Parvez Sofi; Ajaz A. Lone; S. Samuel Jeberson; Ashok M.Praveen Kumar; Sarvjeet P. Singh; Harsh Kumar Dikshit; Murlidhar Aski; Sumer Singh Punia; Manoj Katiyar; Anil Kumar Singh; Subhash Chandra; Chandra Shekhar Mahto; Hironya Kumar Borah; Amitava Banerjee; Arpita K. Das; Deepak V. Singh; Sanjeev K. Gupta; Girish Prasad Dixit
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of diverse environments on agronomic traits of small-seeded lentils in India and to identify strategic environment(s) for crop improvement using empirical approaches. Sixteen small-seeded lentil genotypes were tested across 16 locations, covering North Hill Zone (NHZ), North Western Plain Zone (NWPZ), and North Eastern Plain Zone (NEPZ). Crop yield exhibited a quadratic response to maximum temperature during flowering (TMAXF) and minimum temperature during reproductive period (TMINRP), indicating that both higher and lower TMAXF (optimal = 23.5°C) and TMINRP (optimal = 12.0°C) negatively affected yield. Low temperatures extended crop duration, and correlation analysis confirmed that environment-induced variations in vegetative or maturity periods significantly influenced yield, as further validated by regression models and principal component analysis. While an extended reproductive period increased seed weight, its association with grain yield was non-significant. Among the tested zones, NWPZ recorded the highest average yield (1359 kg ha−1), while NEPZ (1269 kg ha−1) demonstrated greater yield consistency across locations. Genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) contributed 6%, 53%, and 36% of the total yield variation, respectively. Biplot analysis identified three distinct mega-environments, with Durgapura (NWPZ), Varanasi (NEPZ), Faizabad (NEPZ), and Berthin (NHZ) emerging as ideal testing sites. This study highlights the significant influence of diverse agroclimatic conditions on crop yield and emphasizes the need for region-specific breeding to harness positive GEI (at mega-environment scale) and to prioritize early flowering and optimal seed traits to achieve broader adaptability across Indian climates. © 2025 The Author(s). Crop Science © 2025 Crop Science Society of America.
Multi-location evaluation of field pea in Indian climates: eco-phenological dynamics, crop-environment relationships, and identification of mega-environments
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Ashok K. Parihar; Kali Krishna Hazra; Amrit Lamichaney; Debjyoti Sen Gupta; Jitendra Kumar; R.K. Mishra; Anil K. Singh; Anuradha Bhartiya; Parvaze Ahmad Sofi; Ajaz A. Lone; Sankar P. Das; Rajesh Kumar Yadav; S.S. Punia; A.K. Singh; Geeta Rai; C.S. Mahto; Khajan Singh; Smita Tiwari; Ashok K. Saxena; Sunil Kumar Nair; Mangla Parikh; Vijay Sharma; Sudhakar P. Mishra; Deepak Singh; Sanjeev Gupta; G.P. Dixit
Characterization of crop-growing environments in relation to crop’s genotypic performance is crucial to harness positive genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) in systematic breeding programs. Given that, the study aimed to delineate the impact of diverse environments on crop phenology and yield traits of dwarf-statured field pea, pinpointing location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within breeding lines. We tested twelve field pea breeding lines across twenty locations in India, covering Central Zone (CZ), North Western Plain Zone (NWPZ), North Eastern Plain Zone (NEPZ), and Northern Hill Zone (NHZ). Across these locations, maximum and minimum temperatures during flowering (TMAXF, TMINF) and reproductive period (TMAXRP, TMINRP) ranged 18.9–28.3, 3.3–18.0, 15.0-30.8, and 7.9-22.1oC, respectively. Meanwhile, notable variations in phenological and agronomic traits (coefficient of variation) were observed: flowering (31%), days to maturity (21%), reproductive period (18%), grain yield (48%), and 100-seed weight (18%). Combined ANOVA demonstrated an oversized impact of environment (81%) on yield, while genotype and GEI effects were 2% and 14%, respectively. The variables TMINF, TMINRP, and cumulative growing degree-day showed positive correlations with yield, while extended vegetative and maturity durations negatively influenced yield (p < 0.05). Additionally, linear mixed-models and PCA results explained that instability in crop phenology had significant influence on field pea yield. Seed weight was markedly varied within the locations (9.9–20.8 g) and both higher and lower seed weights were associated with lower yields (Optimal = 17.1 g). HA-GGE biplot-based on environment focus-scaling demonstrated three mega-environments and specific locations viz. Kota (CZ), SK Nagar (CZ), Raipur (CZ), Sehore (CZ), and Pantnagar (NWPZ) as the ideal testing-environments with high efficiency in selecting new genotypes with wider adaptability. The study findings highlight distinct impact of environments on crop phenology and agronomic traits of field pea (dwarf-type), hold substantial value in designing efficient field pea (dwarf-type) breeding program at mega-environment scale. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to International Society of Biometeorology 2024.
Multi-location evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in Indian climates: Ecophenological dynamics, yield relation, and characterization of locations
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Ashok K. Parihar; Sanjeev Gupta; Kali K. Hazra; Amrit Lamichaney; Debjyoti Sen Gupta; Deepak Singh; Raju Kumar; Anil K. Singh; Rakesh Vaishnavi; M. Samuel Jaberson; Sankar P. Das; Jai Dev; Rajesh K. Yadav; B.S. Jamwal; B.R. Choudhary; O.P. Khedar; Vijay Prakash; Harsh K. Dikshit; R.K. Panwar; Manoj Katiyar; Pankaj Kumar; C.S. Mahto; H.K. Borah; M.N. Singh; Arpita Das; A.N. Patil; H.C. Nanda; Vinod Kumar; Sumer D. Rajput; D.A. Chauhan; M.H. Patel; Raja R. Kanwar; Jitendra Kumar; S.P. Mishra; Hitesh Kumar; Indu Swarup; Suma Mogali; D. Kumaresan; Narayana Manivannan; M. Byre Gowda; Muthaiyan Pandiyan; Polneni J. Rao; D. Shivani; A.M. Prusti; P. Mahadevu; K. Iyanar; Sujata Das
Crop yield varies considerably within agroecology depending on the genetic potential of crop cultivars and various edaphic and climatic variables. Understanding site-specific changes in crop yield and genotype × environment interaction are crucial and needs exceptional consideration in strategic breeding programs. Further, genotypic response to diverse agro-ecologies offers identification of strategic locations for evaluating traits of interest to strengthen and accelerate the national variety release program. In this study, multi-location field trial data have been used to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on crop phenological dynamics and their influence on the yield of mungbean in different agroecological regions of the Indian subcontinent. The present attempt is also intended to identify the strategic location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within mungbean genotypes. In the field trial, a total of 34 different mungbean genotypes were grown in 39 locations covering the north hill zone (n = 4), northeastern plain zone (n = 6), northwestern plain zone (n = 7), central zone (n = 11) and south zone (n = 11). The results revealed that the effect of the environment was prominent on both the phenological dynamics and productivity of the mungbean. Noticeable variations (expressed as coefficient of variation) were observed for the parameters of days to 50% flowering (13%), days to maturity (12%), reproductive period (21%), grain yield (33%), and 1000-grain weight (14%) across the environments. The genotype, environment, and genotype × environment accounted for 3.0, 54.2, and 29.7% of the total variation in mungbean yield, respectively (p < 0.001), suggesting an oversized significance of site-specific responses of the genotypes. Results demonstrated that a lower ambient temperature extended both flowering time and the crop period. Linear mixed model results revealed that the changes in phenological events (days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, and reproductive period) with response to contrasting environments had no direct influence on crop yields (p > 0.05) for all the genotypes except PM 14-11. Results revealed that the south zone environment initiated early flowering and an extended reproductive period, thus sustaining yield with good seed size. While in low rainfall areas viz., Sriganganagar, New Delhi, Durgapura, and Sagar, the yield was comparatively low irrespective of genotypes. Correlation results and PCA indicated that rainfall during the crop season and relative humidity significantly and positively influenced grain yield. Hence, the present study suggests that the yield potential of mungbean is independent of crop phenological dynamics; rather, climatic variables like rainfall and relative humidity have considerable influence on yield. Further, HA-GGE biplot analysis identified Sagar, New Delhi, Sriganganagar, Durgapura, Warangal, Srinagar, Kanpur, and Mohanpur as the ideal testing environments, which demonstrated high efficiency in the selection of new genotypes with wider adaptability. Copyright © 2022 Parihar, Gupta, Hazra, Lamichaney, Sen Gupta, Singh, Kumar, Singh, Vaishnavi, Jaberson, Das, Dev, Yadav, Jamwal, Choudhary, Khedar, Prakash, Dikshit, Panwar, Katiyar, Kumar, Mahto, Borah, Singh, Das, Patil, Nanda, Kumar, Rajput, Chauhan, Patel, Kanwar, Kumar, Mishra, Kumar, Swarup, Mogali, Kumaresan, Manivannan, Gowda, Pandiyan, Rao, Shivani, Prusti, Mahadevu, Iyanar and Das.