Browsing by Author "Deen Dayal Giri"

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Assessment of ground and surface water quality along the river Varuna, Varanasi, India
(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2015) Pardeep Singh; R.K. Chaturvedi; Ankit Mishra; Lata Kumari; Rishikesh Singh; D.B. Pal; Deen Dayal Giri; Nand Lal Singh; Dhanesh Tiwary; Pradeep Kumar Mishra
Multivariate statistical techniques were employed for monitoring of ground-surface water interactions in rivers. The river Varuna is situated in the Indo-Gangetic plain and is a small tributary of river Ganga. The study area was monitored at seven sampling sites for 3 years (2010–12), and eight physio-chemical parameters were taken into account for this study. The data obtained were analysed by multivariate statistical techniques so as to reveal the underlying implicit information regarding proposed interactions for the relevant area. The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), and the results of correlations were also studied for all parameters monitored at every site. Methods used in this study are essentially multivariate statistical in nature and facilitate the interpretation of data so as to extract meaningful information from the datasets. The PCA technique was able to compress the data from eight to three parameters and captured about 78.5 % of the total variance by performing varimax rotation over the principal components. The varifactors, as yielded from PCA, were treated by CA which grouped them convincingly into three groups having similar characteristics and source of contamination. Moreover, the loading of variables on significant PCs showed correlations between various ground water and surface water (GW-SW) parameters. The correlation coefficients calculated for various physiochemical parameters for ground and surface water established the correlations between them. Thus, this study presents the utility of multivariate statistical techniques for evaluation of the proposed interactions and effective future monitoring of potential sites. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
Biodegradation of Navy N5RL1 carpet dye by Staphylococcus saprophyticus strain BHUSS X3
(Springer Verlag, 2015) Lata Kumari; Ajay Kumar Verma; Dhanesh Tiwary; Deen Dayal Giri; Gopal Nath; Pradeep Kumar Mishra
Biodegradation of Navy N5RL1, a widely used acidic azo dye in carpet industry, was studied by bacterial strain isolated from the dye-contaminated soil collected from a carpet industry premises located in Bhadohi, Sant Ravidas Nagar and Uttar Pradesh, India. The isolated strain was identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus BHUSS X3 on the basis of morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The strain BHUSS X3 decolorized 95.7 % of dye (100 mg/l) within 6 h at optimum pH 8, temperature 35 °C, inoculum 4.0 % under static condition during 24 h incubation. The isolated bacterial strain BHUSS X3 can toralate dye concentration upto 1,000 mg/l. The dye degradation metabolites were confirmed by analysis of degraded products using UV–Vis spectrophotometric, HPLC and FTIR technique. The phytotoxicity analysis was also conducted on Phaseolus aureus and enhanced seed germination was recorded. © 2015, The Author(s).
Bioremediation potential of methylotrophic bacteria
(Elsevier, 2020) Deen Dayal Giri; Sandeep Kumar Singh; Ajay Giri; Himanshu Dwivedi; Ajay Kumar
Methylotrophs are an important group of bacteria, which are being applied in expanding area of research with applications in carbon capture, chemical production, and bioremediation; they are also used to produce value-added chemicals from C1 compounds (methane, methanol, etc.) into green chemicals such as biofuels, terpenoids, and biodegradable plastics. They are capable of promoting plant growth and agriculture, degradation of pollutants (methylmercury), or recovery of critical metals for our technologies in environmentally friendly and sustainable ways. The present chapter deals with the brief introduction of methylotrophs and their few applications in combating environmental issues. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.
Impact of electronic waste pollutants on underground water
(wiley, 2021) Juhi Khan; Amrish Kumar; Ajay Giri; Dan Bahadur Pal; Anamika Tripathi; Deen Dayal Giri
Electronic waste (e-waste) consists of discarded, obsolete, or broken electrical and electronic devices. These devices utilize electricity in their function state, e.g. computer monitors, keyboards, printers, CPU (central processing unit), typewriters, cell phones, chargers, remotes, compact discs, headphones, batteries, television, etc. This electronic equipment contains several inorganic metals such as heavy metals, chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium, barium, arsenic, etc. These metals are released into the environment when we discard the old, unused equipment. In addition to heavy metals, this electrical equipment also contains organic components that are released during informal and illegal recycling of e-waste pollutants into the terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The pollutants enter the surface water and percolate to the groundwater. The present chapter briefly discusses major inorganic and organic pollutants present in e-waste, their entry into the environment, and evaluates their genotoxic and mutagenic effect, as well as possible effects on organisms and human. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Methylotrophic bacteria in relation to soil and plant health
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2015) Deen Dayal Giri; Ajay Kumar; Lata Kumari; Pardeep Singh; D.B. Pal; K.D. Pandey; P.K. Mishra
Methylotrophs are a diverse group of microorganisms that can use reduced onecarbon compounds, such as methanol or methane, as the carbon source for their growth; and multi-carbon compounds that contain no carbon bonds, such as dimethyl ether and dimethylamine. Utilization of various types of organic compounds present in the coal mine spoil as carbon substrate is the the reason for better survival of facultative methylotrophic bacteria in stressful and nutrient poor coal mine spoils. Methylotrophic bacteria significantly modify the physicochemical properties of degraded soil. The nutrients released from death and decay of methylotrophic bacteria facilitate growth of heterotrophic bacteria and increases microbial diversity of the degraded land. This chapter gives brief description of methylotrophic bacteria and their role in improvement of soil and plant health have given special attension. © 2015 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Rhizosphere and their role in plant-microbe interaction
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2015) Ajay Kumar; Vandana; Akhilesh Yadav; Deen Dayal Giri; P.K. Singh; Kapil D. Pandey
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) plays an important role in sustainable agriculture. These microbes directly or indirectly associated with the plants for growth promotion, disease management and yield enhancement. Genotypes and diversity of individual plants influences the composition of the associated communities. Microbial population of PGPR present in the rhizosphere depends upon the amount and composition of root exudates. The molecules present in the root exudates act as signaling molecules and helps in microbe interaction. This chapter describes the role of root exudates and mode of plant -microbe interaction in the rhizosphere. © 2015 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Salt stress tolerance of methylotrophic bacteria Methylophilus sp. and Methylobacterium sp. Isolated from coal mine spoils
(Polish Society of Microbiologists, 2013) Deen Dayal Giri; Ajay Kumar; Prabhu Nath Shukla; Ritu Singh; P.K. Singh; Kapil Deo Pandey
Two methylotrophic strains of Bina coalmine spoil BNV7b and BRV25 were identified based on physiological traits and 16S rDNA sequence as Methylophilus and Methylobacterium species. The strains exhibited similar carbon utilization but differed in N utilization and their response to the metabolic inhibitors. Methylophilus sp. was less tolerant to salt stress and it viability declined to one tenth within 4 h of incubation in 2M NaCl due to membrane damage and leakage of the intracellular electrolytes as evident from malondiaaldehyde (MDA) assay. In 200 mM NaCl, they exhibited increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity while in 500 mM NaCl, enzyme activities declined in Methylophilus sp. and increased in Methylobacterium sp. Among exogenously applied osmoprotectants proline was most efficient; however, polyols (mannitol, sorbitol and glycerol) also supported growth under lethal NaCl concentration.
Variation in methanotrophic bacterial population along an altitude gradient at two slopes in tropical dry deciduous forest
(2007) Deen Dayal Giri; Prabhu Nath Shukla; Sudhanshu Kashyap; Priti Singh; Ajai Kumar Kashyap; Kapil Deo Pandey
Soil samples were collected from Panchamarhi dry deciduous forest in Satpuda Biosphere Reserve, India to determine the effect of hill slopes and altitude on the population size of methanotrophic bacteria. Population size, in range of 4×105-3.6×107 g-1 dry soil, was negatively correlated with altitude and increased exponentially (r2 = 0.97, P<0.001) at steep slope (60°) while logarithmically (r2 = 0.97, P<0.001) at low slope (45°). Soil organic C, total N, and soil moisture increased while C/N ratio and temperature decreased down the hill slope. The results indicated that nutritional status of the soil across the slopes determines the methanotrophic bacterial population size. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.