Browsing by Author "Deepak Singh"

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A comparative evaluation of masticatory load distribution in different types of prosthesis with varying number of implants: A FEM analysis
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Roopal Srivastava; Rajesh Bansal; Pavan Kumar Dubey; Deepak Singh
Aim: To identify the optimal number and position of implants to reduce stress concentration on the implant, denture, and attachment system for sustaining an overdenture prosthesis. Materials and methods: By incorporating one to eight indigenous implants with bar-type attachments, eight 3D finite element models of mandibular overdentures were created. All models received a 200 N vertical load, and the biomechanical characteristics of peri-implant bone were assessed. Result: The study observed that with a vertical load of 200 N, the maximum equivalent stress around peri-implant tissue in all models was within the physiological tolerance threshold of bone. The von Mises stress values ranged from 116.18 MPa to 536.7 MPa. Conclusion: The three-implant-supported overdenture model revealed superior peri-implant stress, stability, cost-effectiveness, and hygiene maintenance outcomes. Placing a third implant in the mid-symphysis region may offer a practical solution to reduce rotations in two-implant-supported overdentures. © 2024
A new variational wave-function ansatz for confined two-electron atomic systems
(Institute of Physics, 2025) Deepak Singh; Rabeet Singh; Arup Banerjee
In this paper, we propose a simple variational ansatz, Ψ(r⃗1,r⃗2) = C sin (π rc r1) sin( π rc r2) exp(−Z(r1 + r2))[cosh(ar1) + cosh(ar2)][1 + 0.5r12 exp(−br12)], r1 r2 to study confined two-electron atomic systems. Here, r12 = |r-1 −-2| is the inter-electronic distance with the electron coordinatesr-1 andr-2, rc is the radius of the impenetrable well in which the two-electron atoms are confined, and C is the normalization constant. The function sin(πr/rc)/r incorporates the Dirichlet boundary conditions at r = rc needed for the wave function of two-electron systems, and a and b are the variational parameters evaluated by minimizing the total energy functional of confined two-electron atoms. We also calculate the pressure and check the satisfaction of the virial relation for such systems. Our results for the ground-state energy and its components, radial distance moments, and pressure show agreement with the existing literature. © 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
A note on the Fan-Fabric Structures in the late Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Katni, M.P., India
(Palaeontological Society Of India, 2021) Uday Bhan; Divya Singh; Mukund Sharma; Deepak Singh; S.K. Pandey
Present study records the Fan-Fabric Structures from the late Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone of the Vindhyan Supergroup, India exposed in Katni district, M. P. Centimeter (cm) size carbonate fans (1 to 10 cm in length) radiating in upward direction are part of a stromatolite dominated Kajrahat Limestone in the area. The Kajrahat FFS represent their wide-spread occurrence in the Proterozoic successions of India. Our study establishes that these fans were originally precipitated and not the result of a late diagenesis or any other post sedimentation process. These fan-fabric structures were deposited in intertidal to sub-tidal environments. Globally, fan-fabrics structures are considered a common feature of the Archaean to early Mesoproterozoic carbonate platforms. © 2021 Palaeontological Society Of India. All rights reserved.
Assessment of gingival biotype in different facial patterns: A cross‑sectional study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Vipul Kumar Sharma; Deepak Singh; Roopal Srivastava; T.P. Chaturvedi; Mahesh Khairnar; Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship of gingival biotype in different malocclusions. Methods: A total of 157 periodontally healthy subjects (88 males and 69 females) were enrolled in this cross‑sectional study. The study participants were divided into three groups of skeletal class I, class II, and class III. The probe transparency method was used to determine the quality and gingival tissue into thick and thin biotype. Results: There was significant difference in gingival biotype among different skeletal malocclusion with high prevalence of thin gingival biotype in class I subjects and more prevalence of thick biotype in class II and class III individuals (P‑value: 0.022). Pairwise comparison of gingival biotype in class I versus class II showed significant difference (P‑value: 0.032); however in class I versus class III and class II versus class III, the test result was nonsignificant. The overall frequency of thin gingival biotype was significantly less in female subjects with respect to males (P‑value: 0.025). Conclusion: A significant relationship is present between skeletal malocclusion and quality of gingival biotype. The prevalence of thick gingival biotype is found more in females as compared to male individuals. The thin gingival biotype is more commonly seen in skeletal class I than class II and class III. © 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Carbonate Fan Fabric Structures (FFS) in time and space: A case study from the Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan Supergroup, India
(Palaeontological Society Of India, 2021) Divya Singh; Mukund Sharma; Uday Bhan; Bindhyachal Pandey; S.K. Pandey; Deepak Singh
This paper describes and discusses the origin of the carbonate Fan Fabric Structures (FFS), a rare and typical feature of the Precambrian Eon, observed in the Kajrahat Limestone near the Kota area, Sonbhadra District, Uttar Pradesh, India. In the Kajrahat Limestone, FFS escaped later recrystallization and subsequent dolomitization which otherwise obliterates the depositional texture as noted in most of the Proterozoic carbonate deposits. Characteristic FFS is noted exclusively in the upper part of the Kajrahat Limestone, Semri Group, Vindhyan Supergroup. The FFS varies from microscopic to mesoscopic in size. The depositional environment of the hosting carbonate units is inferred with the help of FFS morphology and configuration. The absence of actual microfossils, however, is conspicuous suggesting very rapid lithification. The origin of aragonite crystals and the possible role of organisms in the formation of FFS are discussed. The study reveals that these carbonate fans were formed below the sediment-water interface by the interplay of sedimentation and vertically upward nucleation of the crystal. Low diversity of stromatolites is also present in the Kajrahat Limestone and the overlying Salkhan Limestone. The Rohtasgarh Limestone, the top-most unit of the Lower Vindhyan is, however, completely devoid of FFS and stromatolites therefore, it is inferred that the FFS are restricted in time and space. © 2021 Palaeontological Society Of India. All rights reserved.
Computational study of the performance of a solar dryer for improvement in the shelf life of the food materials
(Springer, 2024) Mukul Sengar; Dhananjay Singh; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Deepak Singh; Balendu Shekher Giri
In this study, the thermal and drying characteristics of a thin layer food sample were investigated. An indirect type, simple, efficient, and economically feasible solar dryer was fabricated and used for food preservation. However, a dynamic model of a fabricated solar dryer was also presented to gain a better insight into the drying and thermal actions. This model consists of thermal modeling of the drying chamber, solar collector, and solar-dried food sample. The law of conservation of energy was applied to evaluate the temperature at different sections of the solar dryer with respect to drying time. All listed model equations were solved in the MATLAB environment. This study helps to examine the influence of solar radiation on the collector plate temperature, drying chamber temperature, food sample temperature, and performance parameters such as thermal efficiency with respect to drying time. Model data was found in good agreement with experimental data within a 4% error. It is concluded that the drying of food material is affected by air temperature, the collector temperature, mode of heat transfer, and material characteristics such as dimension and mass of the food sample. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Deciphering genotype-by- Environment interaction for targeting test environments and rust resistant genotypes in field pea (Pisum sativum l.)
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2019) Arpita Das; Ashok K. Parihar; Deepa Saxena; Deepak Singh; K.D. Singha; K.P.S. Kushwaha; Ramesh Chand; R.S. Bal; Subhash Chandra; Sanjeev Gupta
Rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae is a major biotic constraint to field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivation worldwide. Deployment of host-pathogen interaction and resistant phenotype is a modest strategy for controlling this intricate disease. However, resistance against this pathogen is partial and influenced by environmental factors. Therefore, the magnitude of environmental and genotype-by-environment interaction was assessed to understand the dynamism of resistance and identification of durable resistant genotypes, as well as ideal testing locations for rust screening through multi-location and multi-year evaluation. Initial screening was conducted with 250 diverse genotypes at rust hot spots. A panel of 23 promising field pea genotypes extracted from initial evaluation was further assessed under inoculated conditions for rust disease for two consecutive years at six locations in India. Integration of GGE biplot analysis and multiple comparisons tests detected a higher proportion of variation in rust reaction due to environment (56.94%) as an interactive factor followed by genotype × environment interaction (35.02%), which justified the requisite of multi-year, and multi-location testing. Environmental component for disease reaction and dominance of cross over interaction (COI) were asserted by the inconsistent and non-repeatable genotypic response. The present study effectively allocated the testing locations into various categories considering their “repeatability” and “desirability index” over the years along with “discrimination power” and “representativeness.” “Mega environment” identification helped in restructuring the ecological zonation and location of specific breeding. Detection of non-redundant testing locations would expedite optimal resource utilization in future. The computation of the confidence limit (CL) at 95% level through bootstrapping strengthened the accuracy of the GGE biplot and legitimated the precision of genotypes recommendation. Genotype, IPF-2014-16, KPMR-936 and IPF-2014-13 identified as “ideal” genotypes, which can be recommended for release and exploited in a resistance breeding program for the region confronting field pea rust. © 2019 Das, Parihar, Saxena, Singh, Singha, Kushwaha, Chand, Bal, Chandra and Gupta.
Delineating Genotype × Environment interactions towards durable resistance in mungbean against Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora canescens) using GGE biplot
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020) Arpita Das; Sanjeev Gupta; Ashok K. Parihar; Deepak Singh; Ramesh Chand; Aditya Pratap; Kansam Dayamoy Singha; Kailash Pati Singh Kushwaha
Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora canescens) is a major fungal disease which impedes mungbean production worldwide. Presence of wider host range with existence of pathogenic variability creates intricacy towards host-pathogen dynamics. Moreover, environmental factors having crucial role in augmenting severity of this disease further complicate disease management. An attempt has been made for unfolding genotype x environment interactions towards identifying and validating durable resistant genotypes against cercospora leaf spot in multi-environment testing. Preliminary screening with 246 genotypes under artificial epiphytotic condition was conducted to extract out a subset of 22 mungbean genotypes for further evaluation in field testing across six environments consecutively for two years. GGE biplot analysis detected significant environmental influence towards genotypic response and confirmed the presence of non-crossover interaction with incoherent genotypic response, thus advocating the urgency for multi-location testing. GGE biplot aptly identified “LGG 460” and “COGG 912” as “ideal” and “desirable” genotypes, respectively having durable resistance and genetic homeostasis and thus suggested for their utilization in future resistance breeding programme in mungbean against cercospora leaf spot. © 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Drying kinetics, thermal and morphological analysis of starchy food material: Experimental investigation through an induced type solar dryer
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Mukul Sengar; Reeta Rani Singhania; Deepak Singh; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Dhananjay Singh; Manish Kumar; Balendu Shekher Giri
Solar drying is a green and clean energy-based technique for food preservation. In this study, drying kinetics and thermal, and morphological analyses of food material have been investigated. A mathematical model has also been studied and modified to validate experimental findings. An induced-type solar dryer setup has been fabricated and experiments have been conducted with potatoes as food samples. The weight loss and temperature variations were monitored in all three types of food samples. The average drying efficiency of the dryer has been found as 20.3 %. Scanning electron microscopy analysis has also been done to examine the surface morphology of the solar-dried food samples. The spherical-shaped sample has shown interesting results and they have the quality to attain maximum temperature due to the small surface area among all three shapes. The fabricated experimental setup has an initial cost and better payback period of $ 205.78 and 1.50 yr respectively. © 2023
Effect of mandibular advancement therapy on inflammatory biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2024) Pooja Priyadarshini; Deepak Singh; Vipul Kumar Sharma; T.P. Chaturvedi; Akhilesh Kumar Singh
To review the literature on the effect of mandibular advancement therapy (MAT) on inflammatory biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present systematic review addresses the following focus question: What is the effect of MAT on inflammatory biomarkers in OSA? Electronic and manual literature searches were conducted on databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published until September 2021 to collect information about the effect of mandibular advancement therapy, a non-continuous positive airway pressure alternative measurement of OSA. A systematic literature review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines to identify studies evaluating the effect of MAT in patients suffering from OSA. Randomized clinical trials were included, and case reports, retrospective studies, literature reviews, in-vitro studies, observational studies, authors' opinions, letters to the editor, and engineering articles were excluded. Fifty-nine articles published before September 2021 were identified. Fifty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. After assessing inclusion criteria, three clinical trials were included with 148 patients suffering from OSA and treated with mandibular advancement therapy. The follow-up period ranged from two to three months, with the average follow-up being 1.66 months. The mean age of the patients was observed to be 53.11 ± 2.65 years. The mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale observed in patients in all three clinical trials was 9.75 ± 0.89. MAT in patients with moderate or severe OSA reduced apnea-hypopnea index but has less effect on inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers. © 2024 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Effect of orthodontic retraction force on thick and thin gingival biotypes in different grades of gingival recession and alveolar bone quality: A finite element analysis
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) T.P. Chaturvedi; Deepak Singh; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Pooja Priyadarshani; Shweta Turkiya
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the effect of orthodontic retraction force on thick and thin gingival biotypes of anterior teeth having grade I and II gingival recession with D1 and D2 alveolar bone densities by assessing the displacement of teeth and deformation in gingival tissue, along with evaluating the amount of equivalent stress on teeth and gingiva in finite element model. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Based on cone-beam computed tomography datasets, eight models (LC01-LC08) of maxilla with appliance assembly were created. A retraction load of 150 gm was applied on each model during the finite element analysis (FEA), and then values of teeth displacement, gingival deformation, and von Mises stress were evaluated. RESULT: All the models with D1 bone density (LC01-04) were showing gingival deformation, whereas models with D2 bone quality (LC05-08) give no significant outcome. The amount of von Mises stress for teeth and gingival tissue in each model was the same for both central and lateral incisors. CONCLUSION: All the models having D1 bone quality showed greater gingival deformation after applying retraction force, whereas in models with D2 bone density, deformation was not significant. Changes in gingival tissue are brought about by orthodontic treatment, which also helps to correct the periodontal defects; however, bone density plays a significant role in improving gingival recession. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Estimating Finite Population Mean using Multiple Parameters of an Ancillary Variable
(Society of Statistics, Computer and Applications, 2023) Deepak Singh; Rohini Yadav; Rajesh Singh
This study deals with an improved class of estimators for estimating the unknown finite population mean of the study variable using auxiliary information. It has been developed by using the power transformation in Singh and Yadav (2017) family of estimators. The expression for bias and mean squared error of the proposed estimator is derived under large sample approximation. The conditions have been derived for the suggested class of estimators under which it performs better than the estimators considered in this study. The theoretical results are supported by numerical illustration. Two phase sampling version of the proposed family of estimators is suggested and its properties are also studied. © 2023, Society of Statistics, Computer and Applications. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of surface-modified orthodontic wires by different concentration and dipping duration of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) T.P. Chaturvedi; P. Indumathi; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Ashish Agrawal; Deepak Singh; Chandan Upadhyay
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in-vitro surface characteristics and frictional properties of orthodontic stainless steel and beta-titanium archwires after surface modification with different concentrations and coating time of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles by Sol-gel dip coating method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was carried out with 4 different concentrations (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8) and three different dipping durations (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours) over ten main test groups of SS and TMA archwires with uncoated wires acting as control in both dry and wet conditions. Phase analysis and surface characterization of TiO 2 was analyzed by X-ray Diffractometry, surface evaluation with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and frictional characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: Among all the concentrations 1:6 ratio with 48 hours of dipping duration showed better surface characteristics. A statistically significant difference in frictional coefficient was observed in both SS and TMA wires than their respective controls (p = 0.001). Intragroup comparison among SS and TMA groups showed that groups with 1:6 ratio and 48 hours dipping duration had least frictional coefficient in both dry and wet conditions (p = 0.001). Intergroup comparison between SS and TMA showed that SS group had significantly reduced friction than TMA (p = 0.001) except in few groups. CONCLUSION: TiO 2 nanoparticle with a concentration ratio of 1:6 and 48 hours dipping duration is recommended for surface modification of orthodontic archwires. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Evidence in Reaching Consensus in Usage of Mandibular Advancement Device for Pre- and Post-obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment with Blood and Salivary Inflammatory Biomarkers Profiles
(Springer, 2024) Thakur Prasad Chaturvedi; Pooja Priyadarshani; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Ishita Shrivastava; Deepak Singh; Surendra Pratap Mishra; Navneet Kumar Dubey
Purpose: To date, inconsistencies in biological sample-based biomarkers and processing protocols exist for determining obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse. Hence, in this study, we investigated blood and salivary inflammatory biomarker profiles in pre- and post-MAD treated OSA patients. Methods: We corroborated OSA characteristics in 12 patients through polysomnography, which were treated with customized titratable MAD. Saliva and blood samples were obtained to determine inflammatory and stressed states through salivary α-amylase and cortisol. serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were also measured. Results: Levels of salivary alpha-amylase (12.86 ± 7.81 to 10.73 ± 6.60) p = 0.001 were significantly reduced with no significant difference between cortisol levels in the morning (19.79 ± 15.67 to 21.09 ± 17.97, p = 0.647), afternoon (26.73 ± 38.50 to 22.47 ± 19.36, p = 0.566), and evening (10.51 ± 7.86 to 8.02 ± 6.14, p = 0.054). Additionally, CRP (2.65 ± 0.88 to 2.19 ± 0.60) p = 0.010, IL-6 (3.12 ± 1.92 to 2.61 ± 1.50) p = 0.009, and TNF-α (40.43 ± 98.84 to 38.18 ± 100.82) p = 0.026 were significantly suppressed. Conclusion: MAD exerted anti-inflammatory, anti-stress & depression-exerting impacts in OSA patients, possibly via hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In our opinion, MAD is an economical alternative compared to positive airway pressure (PAP) in mild-moderate OSA, while in severe cases, a synergistic approach of MAD and PAP may be considered. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Long-term follow-up of trigeminal neuralgia patients treated with percutaneous balloon compression technique: A retrospective analysis
(Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2016) Suman Yadav; Rajratna M. Sonone; Chandresh Jaiswara; Shipra Bansal; Deepak Singh; Vidhi Chhabra Rathi
Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) refers to sharp, lancinating pain in the areas supplied by trigeminal nerve. Both pharmacological and surgical lines of treatments are available for the treatment of TN. Percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) is one such surgical technique that is usually advocated for the treatment of TN occurring in elderly patients. Hence, we aim to evaluate the follow-up results of the TN patients treated by the PBC technique. Materials and methods: A total of 400 patients were selected for the study who had undergone surgical treatment of TN by percutaneous balloon decompression technique. All the postoperative follow-up records of the patients, clinical history, and complication records of the patients were studied and evaluated. Results: Of all the patients included in the study, 353 patients showed improvement clinically after PBC therapy. Out 400, 180 were males and 220 were females. Postoperative complications of the patients during their follow-up were also recorded and it was observed that the most common complication arising after treatment with this technique included facial numbness, masseter muscle weakness, paresthesia, diplopia, and corneal anesthesia. Conclusion: One of the most common neuralgic pains affecting the face is the pain of TN. Although numerous lines of treatment options are available for its treatment, all these have one or the other drawbacks. From our results, we can conclude that PBC technique offers more advantages than other surgical modalities and, therefore, should be preferred over other techniques of treatment.
Multi-location evaluation of field pea in Indian climates: eco-phenological dynamics, crop-environment relationships, and identification of mega-environments
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Ashok K. Parihar; Kali Krishna Hazra; Amrit Lamichaney; Debjyoti Sen Gupta; Jitendra Kumar; R.K. Mishra; Anil K. Singh; Anuradha Bhartiya; Parvaze Ahmad Sofi; Ajaz A. Lone; Sankar P. Das; Rajesh Kumar Yadav; S.S. Punia; A.K. Singh; Geeta Rai; C.S. Mahto; Khajan Singh; Smita Tiwari; Ashok K. Saxena; Sunil Kumar Nair; Mangla Parikh; Vijay Sharma; Sudhakar P. Mishra; Deepak Singh; Sanjeev Gupta; G.P. Dixit
Characterization of crop-growing environments in relation to crop’s genotypic performance is crucial to harness positive genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) in systematic breeding programs. Given that, the study aimed to delineate the impact of diverse environments on crop phenology and yield traits of dwarf-statured field pea, pinpointing location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within breeding lines. We tested twelve field pea breeding lines across twenty locations in India, covering Central Zone (CZ), North Western Plain Zone (NWPZ), North Eastern Plain Zone (NEPZ), and Northern Hill Zone (NHZ). Across these locations, maximum and minimum temperatures during flowering (TMAXF, TMINF) and reproductive period (TMAXRP, TMINRP) ranged 18.9–28.3, 3.3–18.0, 15.0-30.8, and 7.9-22.1oC, respectively. Meanwhile, notable variations in phenological and agronomic traits (coefficient of variation) were observed: flowering (31%), days to maturity (21%), reproductive period (18%), grain yield (48%), and 100-seed weight (18%). Combined ANOVA demonstrated an oversized impact of environment (81%) on yield, while genotype and GEI effects were 2% and 14%, respectively. The variables TMINF, TMINRP, and cumulative growing degree-day showed positive correlations with yield, while extended vegetative and maturity durations negatively influenced yield (p < 0.05). Additionally, linear mixed-models and PCA results explained that instability in crop phenology had significant influence on field pea yield. Seed weight was markedly varied within the locations (9.9–20.8 g) and both higher and lower seed weights were associated with lower yields (Optimal = 17.1 g). HA-GGE biplot-based on environment focus-scaling demonstrated three mega-environments and specific locations viz. Kota (CZ), SK Nagar (CZ), Raipur (CZ), Sehore (CZ), and Pantnagar (NWPZ) as the ideal testing-environments with high efficiency in selecting new genotypes with wider adaptability. The study findings highlight distinct impact of environments on crop phenology and agronomic traits of field pea (dwarf-type), hold substantial value in designing efficient field pea (dwarf-type) breeding program at mega-environment scale. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to International Society of Biometeorology 2024.
Multi-location evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in Indian climates: Ecophenological dynamics, yield relation, and characterization of locations
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Ashok K. Parihar; Sanjeev Gupta; Kali K. Hazra; Amrit Lamichaney; Debjyoti Sen Gupta; Deepak Singh; Raju Kumar; Anil K. Singh; Rakesh Vaishnavi; M. Samuel Jaberson; Sankar P. Das; Jai Dev; Rajesh K. Yadav; B.S. Jamwal; B.R. Choudhary; O.P. Khedar; Vijay Prakash; Harsh K. Dikshit; R.K. Panwar; Manoj Katiyar; Pankaj Kumar; C.S. Mahto; H.K. Borah; M.N. Singh; Arpita Das; A.N. Patil; H.C. Nanda; Vinod Kumar; Sumer D. Rajput; D.A. Chauhan; M.H. Patel; Raja R. Kanwar; Jitendra Kumar; S.P. Mishra; Hitesh Kumar; Indu Swarup; Suma Mogali; D. Kumaresan; Narayana Manivannan; M. Byre Gowda; Muthaiyan Pandiyan; Polneni J. Rao; D. Shivani; A.M. Prusti; P. Mahadevu; K. Iyanar; Sujata Das
Crop yield varies considerably within agroecology depending on the genetic potential of crop cultivars and various edaphic and climatic variables. Understanding site-specific changes in crop yield and genotype × environment interaction are crucial and needs exceptional consideration in strategic breeding programs. Further, genotypic response to diverse agro-ecologies offers identification of strategic locations for evaluating traits of interest to strengthen and accelerate the national variety release program. In this study, multi-location field trial data have been used to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on crop phenological dynamics and their influence on the yield of mungbean in different agroecological regions of the Indian subcontinent. The present attempt is also intended to identify the strategic location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within mungbean genotypes. In the field trial, a total of 34 different mungbean genotypes were grown in 39 locations covering the north hill zone (n = 4), northeastern plain zone (n = 6), northwestern plain zone (n = 7), central zone (n = 11) and south zone (n = 11). The results revealed that the effect of the environment was prominent on both the phenological dynamics and productivity of the mungbean. Noticeable variations (expressed as coefficient of variation) were observed for the parameters of days to 50% flowering (13%), days to maturity (12%), reproductive period (21%), grain yield (33%), and 1000-grain weight (14%) across the environments. The genotype, environment, and genotype × environment accounted for 3.0, 54.2, and 29.7% of the total variation in mungbean yield, respectively (p < 0.001), suggesting an oversized significance of site-specific responses of the genotypes. Results demonstrated that a lower ambient temperature extended both flowering time and the crop period. Linear mixed model results revealed that the changes in phenological events (days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, and reproductive period) with response to contrasting environments had no direct influence on crop yields (p > 0.05) for all the genotypes except PM 14-11. Results revealed that the south zone environment initiated early flowering and an extended reproductive period, thus sustaining yield with good seed size. While in low rainfall areas viz., Sriganganagar, New Delhi, Durgapura, and Sagar, the yield was comparatively low irrespective of genotypes. Correlation results and PCA indicated that rainfall during the crop season and relative humidity significantly and positively influenced grain yield. Hence, the present study suggests that the yield potential of mungbean is independent of crop phenological dynamics; rather, climatic variables like rainfall and relative humidity have considerable influence on yield. Further, HA-GGE biplot analysis identified Sagar, New Delhi, Sriganganagar, Durgapura, Warangal, Srinagar, Kanpur, and Mohanpur as the ideal testing environments, which demonstrated high efficiency in the selection of new genotypes with wider adaptability. Copyright © 2022 Parihar, Gupta, Hazra, Lamichaney, Sen Gupta, Singh, Kumar, Singh, Vaishnavi, Jaberson, Das, Dev, Yadav, Jamwal, Choudhary, Khedar, Prakash, Dikshit, Panwar, Katiyar, Kumar, Mahto, Borah, Singh, Das, Patil, Nanda, Kumar, Rajput, Chauhan, Patel, Kanwar, Kumar, Mishra, Kumar, Swarup, Mogali, Kumaresan, Manivannan, Gowda, Pandiyan, Rao, Shivani, Prusti, Mahadevu, Iyanar and Das.
Nelumbo nucifera leaves as source of water-repellent wax: Extraction through polar and non-polar organic solvents
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Aradhya Dev Srivastav; Vireshwar Singh; Deepak Singh; Sunita Singh; Suresh Kumar Patel; Dilip Kumar; Sudeep Yadav; Balendu Shekher Giri; Dhananjay Singh
Nelumbo nucifera leaves are rich source of natural wax possessing super-hydrophobic properties. It provides protection to them from ecological turbulences and climatic wear and tear. In this study, various experiments have been conducted to observe the yield of extraction and the determination of various functional groups, which are present in natural wax, derived from Nelumbo nucifera leaves. The natural wax has been extracted from lotus leaves through non-polar (hexane) and polar (ethanol) solvent via different extraction methods. The superhydrophobic wax has been successfully extracted with hexane. Whereas, ethanol did not extract the water-repellent wax of lotus leaf. Considering the cumulative amount, i.e. (desired + undesired), the maceration shows the extraction of 2.9% (%w/w, through hexane) and 10.2% (%w/w, through ethanol), while it was found 2.5% (%w/w, cycle period 15 min) and 9.0% (%w/w, cycle period 26 min) respectively, in case of Soxhlet extraction technique. For this specific case of natural wax recovery from biomass (lotus leaf), the maceration (traditional method) resulted a little bit superior extraction yield in comparison to the Soxhlet extraction method for extraction of crude wax. In the case of non-polar solvent (hexane), an extraction yield of 1.97% (%w/w) through maceration method was observed while in the case of non-polar solvent (ethanol), an extraction yield of 1.62% (%w/w) through Soxhlet extraction was observed. The TLC analysis on both types of extracts was performed. For the detection of various hydrocarbon chains in the crude wax extracts, FTIR was also performed. Topography of wax surface and wax-coated waterproof fabric was compared through SEM. © 2022 Indian Chemical Society
Potable water production through a low-cost single chamber solar still in north India
(Springer, 2024) Vinay Mishra; Dhananjay Singh; Ram Sharan Singh; Deepak Singh; Eldon R. Rene; Balendu Shekher Giri; Sarthik Sharma; Anurag Mishra; Harishchandra Shukla
The main aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a single slope solar still and to assess the effect of nanofluid on its performance. A single basin single slope solar still was designed and fabricated at the Department of Chemical Engineering, IET Lucknow. Its performance was assessed in terms of the yield of potable water. The effect of various climatic parameters was also studied. Al2O3 nanofluid was used to enhance the yield of the solar still. In the presence of nanofluid, the total yield of the solar still improved by 16.6%. Its economic feasibility was analyzed and reported. The portability of the small size of solar stills, its better economics, easy fabrication, and good performance make them very useful for industrial as well as household purposes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
The effect of various nanoparticle coating on the frictional resistance at orthodontic wire and bracket interface: A systematic review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) P. Indumathi; Deepak Singh; Vipul K. Sharma; Neeteesh K. Shukla; T.P. Chaturvedi
This systematic review was aimed to test the null hypothesis that coating of orthodontic wires with nanoparticles does not affect the frictional properties at bracket-wire interface. Electronic database searches were performed up to September 2020. In vitro studies were considered for reviewing process. Study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment was performed during reviewing process. Only qualitative analyses of included literature were done due to the presence of heterogeneity among the studies. Out of 1,068 retrieved records, nine studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and included in this review. Studies were assessed at low risk to high risk of bias according to certain parameters. Wide variety of nanoparticles were used for surface coating of orthodontic wires of variable sizes, shapes, and materials like stainless steel, NiTi, and TMA and placed into the slots of different types of orthodontic brackets to evaluate the alteration in frictional and other mechanical properties. Most of the studies clearly indicate that coating with nanoparticles decreases the friction between wire and bracket interface under specified in vitro conditions. Furthermore, among the nine included studies, only two considered evaluation of effect of coated brackets on frictional and other mechanical properties and results were heterogeneous. The null hypothesis is rejected and it is concluded that the wires coated with nanoparticles might offer a novel opportunity to substantially reduce frictional resistance at bracket-wire interface during tooth movement. Further studies are necessary to strengthen the evidence regarding effect of coated brackets on frictional properties. © 2022 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.