Browsing by Author "Deo Narayan Singh"

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A review of India’s fodder production status and opportunities
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Deo Narayan Singh; Jitendra S. Bohra; Vishal Tyagi; Tejbal Singh; Tej R. Banjara; Gaurendra Gupta
This review paper aims at an in-depth analysis of the challenges, opportunities, and status of fodder production in India. A comprehensive review of available literature and various reports by govt. as well as non govt. organizations have been done as part of the methodology for preparing the manuscript. India caters to approximately 20% of the world's livestock population and about 17.5% of the human population on just 2.3% of the world's land area. The human population is increasing at a pace of 1.6% per annum, while the livestock population is increasing at a rate of 0.66% per year. Theses increasing human and animal populations are fighting tooth and nail for land resources for food and fodder production, respectively. As a result, cultivated fodders occupy only 4% of the entire cultivable land in the country. Presently, the country faces a net shortfall of 35.6% green fodder, 10.5% dry crop leftovers, and 44% concentrate feed ingredients. The option for increasing land area under fodder cultivation is very limited. Hence, it is big challenge in front of us to utilize the available meagre land wisely with its fullest potential to produce the fodders for the animals. Which could be achieved by adopting suitable cropping systems, incorporation of fodder crops in food and other cash crop-based cropping systems on rotational basis, production of fodder on degraded lands by adopting fodder-based agro forestry systems and exploring other options of green fodder like azolla. The cropping system with forage crops provides a potential alternative to overcome the fodder problem as it utilizes the resources more efficiently. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Common foods for boosting human immunity: A review
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Deo Narayan Singh; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Tej Pratap Dubey; Pushp Raj Shivahre; Ram Kumar Singh; Tejbal Singh; Deepak Kumar Jaiswal
We are frequently exposed to potentially harmful microbes of various types on a daily basis. Our immune system is an amazing collection of unique organs and cells that defends us from hazardous germs as well as certain diseases. It plays a crucial role in protecting the body against external invaders, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Maintaining a healthy immune system requires consuming a balanced diet that provides a variety of macro- and micronutrients. By consuming sufficient amounts of water, minerals such as zinc and magnesium, micronutrients, herbs, and foods rich in vitamins C, D, and E, and adopting a healthy lifestyle, one can enhance their health and immunity, and prevent infections. This article provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on common foods known for their potential to boost human immunity. The review begins by discussing the various components of the immune system and their functions. It then delves into the current understanding of how nutrition can influence immune response, highlighting the importance of a well-balanced diet in supporting optimal immune function. The article presents an extensive analysis of a range of common foods that have been studied for their immune-boosting properties. These foods include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and animal-based foods. Each food category is explored in terms of its specific nutrients and bioactive compounds that contribute to immune support. Foods such as milk, eggs, fruits, leafy greens, and spices like onion, garlic, and turmeric contain beneficial compounds that can enhance the immune system's function, activate and inhibit immune cells, and interfere with multiple pathways that eventually lead to improved immune responses and defense. The available literature on the issue was accessed via online resources and evaluated thoroughly as a methodology for preparing this manuscript. © 2023 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Productivity and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping systems in Indo-Gangetic plains
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2022) Tej Ram Banjara; J.S. Bohra; Deo Narayan Singh; Tejbal Singh
A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh during 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the productivity and energetics of rice (Oryza saliva L.)-based cropping systems under irrigated condition. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. The treatment comprised ten rice-based cropping sequences. Results revealed that rice-potato-green gram recorded significantly high system rice equivalent yield over rest of the cropping sequences during both the years of study. Energy input was recorded highest in rice-potato-green gram followed by rice-potato-cowpea fodder, rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder, rice-wheat-cowpea fodder and lowest in rice-berseem-cowpea fodder sequence. Rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder sequence recorded significantly high energy output, net energy, energy output-input ratio and energy intensity as compared to rest of the cropping sequences during both the years of investigation, whereas energy productivity was high in rice-cabbage-cowpea fodder sequence compared to other sequences during both the years of experimentation. However, specific energy was higher in rice-wheat-green gram sequence than rest of the cropping sequences except rice-wheat sequence during second year of investigation where it remained at par with rice-wheat-green gram sequence. © 2022 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.