Browsing by Author "Dilip Kumar Prajapati"

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CO2 emission and microbial extracellular enzyme activities in sediment at land–water interface as influenced by metal pollution in the Ganga River
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Dilip Kumar Prajapati; Jitendra Pandey
Understanding the interactions of carbon and metal pollutants in anthropogenically impacted rivers is a prerequisite for determining the relative fates of these stressors. Here, through two sets of studies, we report carbon–metal pollutant interactions choosing the CO2 emission and sediment microbial extracellular enzyme activities as major determinants. The study, conducted along a 520-km main river and along a point source trajectory, showed a TOC-dependent but metal pollution-constrained CO2 emission. We found significant relationships (p < 0.05–0.001) between CO2 emission flux and its determinants: TOC, Cmic, FDAase and β-D-glucosidase. In the point source trajectory, CO2 emission flux was closely synchronous to these determinants. These relationships, however, were significantly constrained at the sites such as Knuj, Jjmu and Rjht where the concentrations of total heavy metal (∑THM) in the sediment exceed 347.44 µg g−1 indicating that the heavy metal pollution counteracted the C processing and consequently the CO2 emission flux. The study suggests that the excessive load of metal pollutants will eventually interrupt the C-cycling in the Ganga River inviting caution in C budgeting and C transport to coastal ocean. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Effects of Salt Stress on Osmolyte Metabolism of Crop Plants and Mitigating Strategy by Osmolyte
(wiley, 2021) Abreeq Fatima; Garima Singh; Anuradha Patel; Sanjesh Tiwari; Divya Gupta; Dilip Kumar Prajapati; Anurag Dubey; Sheo Mohan Prasad
Among various abiotic stresses, salinity is a major problem in arid and semiarid regions of the world that negatively reduces the crop productivity. Osmotic stress is the major cause of reduction in growth under salt stress and to minimize the osmotic stress, plants either accumulates or enhances the synthesis of osmoprotectants. The enhanced production of osmolytes is the manifestation of osmoprotectant responsive genes, which improves stress tolerance in plants. Most of the crop plants during abiotic stress conditions such as salinity, drought, and high temperature protect themselves through amino acid metabolism as well. Salinity is one of the most brutal environmental stresses that hamper plant growth and productivity worldwide. The biosynthetic pathways of major osmolyte such as proline, glycine betaine, polyamines, or some synthetic sugar molecules are severely affected under salt stress. Salt-induced toxicity is either alleviated by enhanced antioxidant system or by exogenous supplementation of these major osmolytes. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.