Browsing by Author "Gary A. Strobel"

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Chemical and functional diversity of natural products from plant associated endophytic fungi
(Natural Product Incorporation, 2009) Vijay C. Verma; Ravindra N. Kharwar; Gary A. Strobel
This review describes examples of naturally occurring bioactive compounds obtained from fungal endophytes from various host plants. The main topics addressed are sources, identification, biological activity, biosynthesis, and ecological and chemosystematic significance of those bioactive compounds whose sources were well defined.
Endophytic Fungal Flora from Roots and Fruits of an Indian Neem Plant Azadirachta indica A. Juss., and Impact of Culture Media on their Isolation
(2011) Vijay C. Verma; Surendra K. Gond; Anuj Kumar; Ravindra N. Kharwar; Lori-Ann Boulanger; Gary A. Strobel
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem), native to India, is well known worldwide for its insecticidal and ethanopharmacological properties. Although endophytic microbes are known from this plant as only leaves and stems were the subjects of past reports. Now, a variety of procedures and a number of different media were used to isolate the maximum number of endophytic fungi from unripe fruits and roots. A total of 272 isolates of 29 filamentous fungal taxa were isolated at rate of 68.0% from 400 samples of three different individual trees (at locations-Az1, Az2, Az3). Mycological agar (MCA) medium yielded the highest number of isolates (95, with a 14.50% isolation rate) with the greatest species richness. Mycelia Sterilia (1, 2, 3) accounted for 11.06%, Coelomycetes 7.25%, while Hyphomycetes showed the maximum number of representative isolates (81. 69%). Mycelia-Sterilia (1, 2, 3), based on their 5. 8S ITS 1, ITS2 and partial 18S and 28S rDNA sequences were identified as Fusarium solani (99%), Chaetomium globosum (93%) and Chaetomium globosum (93%) respectively. Humicola, Drechslera, Colletotrichum, and Scytalidium sp. were some of the peculiar fungal endophytes recovered from this plant. © 2011 Association of Microbiologists of India.
Javanicin, an antibacterial naphthaquinone from an endophytic fungus of neem, chloridium sp.
(2009) Ravindra N. Kharwar; Vijay C. Verma; Anuj Kumar; Surendra K. Gond; James K. Harper; Wilford M. Hess; Emil Lobkovosky; Cong Ma; Yuhao Ren; Gary A. Strobel
The endophytic fungus Chloridium sp. produces javanicin under liquid and solid media culture conditions. This highly functionalized naphthaquinone exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas spp., representing pathogens to both humans and plants. The compound was crystallized and the structure was elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The X-ray structure confirms the previously elucidated structure of the compound that was done under standard spectroscopic methods. The importance of javanicin in establishing symbiosis between Chloridium sp. and its host plant, Azadirachta indica, is briefly discussed. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.