Browsing by Author "H.P. Pandey"

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A clinical study on cortisol and certain metabolites in some chronic psychosomatic disorders
(2007) K.K. Mishra; H.P. Pandey; R.H. Singh
Present clinical study involved two groups of psychosomatic disorders, bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. In the study, the levels of plasma cortisol, blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were estimated in 125 clinical subjects, (50 normal controls, and 40 having bronchial asthma and 35 suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The results showed a significant change in the levels of plasma cortisol and blood glucose in both the stressed clinical groups' vis-à-vis normal controls. The levels of atherogenic lipids (total cholesterol and triglycerides) were found quite elevated in both the diseased groups. However, in rheumatoid arthritis, the physiological changes were relatively more pronounced. The findings of this study indicate that rheumatoid arthritis is a relatively more chronic and late onset disorder as the functional performance of hypothalamopituitary-adrenocortical axis gradually declines with passage of time and the ability of the adrenocortical response to return to normalcy becomes impaired.
A discussion on chemoprevention of oral cancer by selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors
(S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L, 2010) A.K. Singh; A. Pandey; M. Tewari; Kumar Prakash; H.S. Shukla; H.P. Pandey
Oral cancers are potentially fatal diseases, have a high mortality rate and because of this it is highly challenging for the clinicians. Cyclooxygenase (COX), the key enzyme in prostaglandin cascade, is expressed in two isoform: the constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. COX-2 expression extensively up regulated in oral cancer, oral premalignant lesion and seemed to be enhanced specifically in high-risk oral lesions. In recent studies it has been found that Zinc regulates COX-2 expression in vivo, in animal model may lead to prevention or therapeutic possibilities for upper aerodigestive tract cancer. The data in recent literatures strongly indicate that COX-2 expression is extensively up-regulated in oral cancer and it is believed that COX-2 inhibition strongly suppressed the oral lesion therefore; selective COX-2 inhibitor should be investigated as new chemopreventive agents for patient who are at high risk for developing oral cancer.
A study of cortisol and certain metabolites in some chronic stress-disorders
(Springer India, 1993) K.K. Mishra; H.P. Pandey; R.H. Singh
Present study, involved two groups of chronic stress disorders, e.g. bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical investigations were launched on the blood samples of human subjects in which the levels of plasma cortisol, blood glucose, total plasma protein and serum cholesterol were assayed in diseased and normal control subjects. Observations in-vitro exhibited a notable change in the levels of all the biochemical parameters in patients of chronic disorders with respect to those of normal controls. The biochemical changes in asthmatics were comparatively more pronounced than those of rheumatoid arthritis patients. It reveals that bronchial asthma is an acute and early onset disorder because with chronicity of stressful events, there is a decline in stress response since hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is not so competent to undergo major remodelling of its circuitry necessary for homeostatic maintanence. © 1993 Association of Clinical Biochemists of India.
A study on physiological changes in certain psychosomatic disorders with reference to cortisol, blood glucose and lipid profile
(1996) K.K. Mishra; H.P. Pandey
Plasma cortisol, blood glucose, serum lipids and lipoproteins were estimated in diseased human subjects and normal control volunteers. Serum triglyceride (Tg), total cholesterol (Tc) and cholesterol content of very low density lipoprotein (VLDLc), low density lipoprotein (LDLc) and high density lipoprotein (HDLc) were assayed under lipid profile. Clinical investigations were carried out on 115 subjects which involved 30 control, 25 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 30 bronchial asthma and 30 rheumatoid arthritis patients. The results of this preliminary study showed a significant change in the levels of all the biochemical parameters in diseased subjects in comparison with controls. Increased levels of atherogenic lipids, Tg, VLDLc and LDLc were found in rheumatoid arthritis subjects. This suggests that arthritis subjects are relatively at higher risk of developing coronary heart disease. Furthermore hypercholesterolemia may aggravate the risk condition in arthritis patients by artereosclerosis. The significant elevation in the levels of plasma cortisol reveals the fact that rheumatoid arthritis is a stabilized and chronic psychosomatic disorder, since, homeostatic competence is disrupted following decline in the tendency of stress-response to return to normalcy.
A study on physiological changes in essential hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis with reference to the levels of cortisol, blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol
(1995) K.K. Mishra; H.P. Pandey
The levels of plasma cortisol, blood glucose, serum triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were estimated in 175 human subjects (50 normal controls, 65 having essential hypertension and 60 suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The results showed a significant elevation in the levels of plasma cortisol and blood glucose in both the stressed clinical groups with respect to controls. Increased levels of atherogenic lipids (TG and TC) were also observed in diseased group. However, in rheumatoid arthritis the biochemical changes were comparatively more pronounced than in hypertensives. The findings in vitro reveal that rheumatoid arthritis is a relatively more chronic and late onset disorder, since the functional performance of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis declines with chronicity and the efficacy of adrenocortical response to return to normalcy becomes impaired.
Advanced stage of breast cancer hoist alkaline phosphatase activity: Risk factor for females in India
(Springer Verlag, 2013) A.K. Singh; A. Pandey; M. Tewari; R. Kumar; A. Sharma; K.A. Singh; H.P. Pandey; H.S. Shukla
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm affecting women in the western world with an average frequency of 1 in 11, developing the malignancy and it is second most common cancer in India. Variations in serum levels of biochemical parameters especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) changes may be of great help in diagnosis of breast carcinoma. Serum ALP activity was assayed in 388 histopathologically proven breast cancer patients using spectrophotometric methods and monitored association with cancer stages. Breast cancer is a female-biased disease and our study was conducted in a group of female patients with mean age of 48.67 ± 8.32 years. A significant increase in levels of ALP (809.65 ± 145.97 IU/L) was observed in stage IV of the disease. The logistic regression study gave a significant result (P<0.001) when we compared the group of ALP level (>500 IU/L) with metastatic presentation. The present study besides being cost effective suggested the usefulness of ALP in differentiating breast cancer stages and metastasis. © The Author(s) 2012.
Antioxidant activity of Cuscuta reflexa stems
(2000) S.B. Yadav; V. Tripathi; R.K. Singh; H.P. Pandey
The in vitro antioxidant activity of Cuscuta reflexa stem extract has been investigated by estimating degree of non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation measured colorimetrically at 440 nm. The ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract showed higher activity than the other fractions. The antioxidant activity of extracts are very close and identical in magnitude and comparable to that of standard antioxidant compounds used.
Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract from the stem bark of the Holoptelea integrifolia Planch
(2014) Jaya Srivastava; K.N. Dwivedi; H.P. Pandey
The present study was carried out to determine in-vitro antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia Planch stem bark (HME), which compared with antioxidant compound ascorbic acid. The antioxidant activity of HME was evaluated by measuring inhibition activity of DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide radical and its reducing power activity. The HME at different concentration (10-100 μg/ml) exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 17.07 to 69.78% inhibition, while ascorbic acid from 22.36 to 93.68% inhibition respectively. HME also exhibited nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenging activity in the range of 25.23 to 77.01% inhibition and 15.51 to 64.35% inhibition respectively. The IC 50 values of HME for DPPH, nitric oxide and superoxide radical were found to be 53.67, 45.46, and 64.05μg/ml. However for ascorbic acid were 33.67, 24.94, 48.59 μg/ml respectively. Reducing power activity of extract was increased with increase in concentration. At higher concentration reducing power activity of HME was 1.199 respectively. Total phenolic content of the methanolic extract H. integrifolia was measured by using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The total phenolic content of aqueous extract of H. integrifolia was found to be 91.18±0.14 mg GAE/g.The results obtained from the study indicate that HME are a potential source of natural antioxidants.
Assessment of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of aqueous stem bark extract of Holoptelea Integrifolia Planch
(2013) Jaya Srivastava; K.N. Dwivedi; H.P. Pandey
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potentials and phenolic content of aqueous extract of Holoptelea integrifolia Planch (HAE) stem bark. Methods: The antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of Holoptelea integrifolia was determined by the method of DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity, superoxide scavenging activity and its reducing power ability assays. Results: The total phenolic content of aqueous extract of H. integrifolia was found to be 61.73±0.23 mg GAE/g. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of aqueous extract (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/ml) was increased in dose dependent manner, which was founded in the range 13.14-55.17% inhibition compared to Ascorbic acid 22.56-93.68 % inhibition. The IC 50 value of plant extract for scavenging free radical were 77.10, 74.95, 86.78 μg/ml DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide, respectively while IC50 of ascorbic acid were 33.70, 24.96, 48.59 μg/ml respectively. The reducing power activity of aqueous extract of plant increased with increase in concentration. Conclusions: Based on the results, the present study revealed that the aqueous extract from H. integrifolia contained ample amount of phenolic compounds due to which, showed significant stronger degree of antioxidant activity in different invitro test system in a dose dependent manner.
Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O139 belonging to multiple ribotypes and isolated from diarrhoeal patients in Kerala, southern India
(2011) M.H.U. Turabe Fazil; R. Bhanumathi; H.P. Pandey; D.V. Singh
Twenty-four Vibrio cholerae O139 strains isolated from Kerala, southern India were characterized by PCR, CTX typing and ribotyping; all of which, except three strains, carried the core of the CTX genetic element, colonization-toxin co-regulated pilus, the adherence outer membrane protein, haemolysin, central regulatory protein encoded toxR, SXT genetic element, and produced cholera toxin and biofilm. Results of RFLP analysis revealed twenty-one of the O139 strains possess two copies of CTXΦ and pre-CTXF{cyrillic} always preceded by tandemly arranged RS1 element; one had two copies of pre-CTXΦ and two a single copy of pre-CTXΦ. Nucleotide sequencing detected classical ctxB in CTXETΦ and CTXCalcF{cyrillic} with additional change at 28th amino acid position of CTXCalcF{cyrillic}. Ribotype analysis revealed the presence of multiple ribotypes, including B-I and B-II, and new ribotypes designated B-VIIIa, B-VIIIb and B-IX, not reported earlier among V. cholerae O139 strains. These observations thus indicate that genetic recombination or mutations had occurred in conserved rrn operon and variations in CTXΦ may have implications on the evolution of the organism. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Comparative biochemical studies on meditation
(1975) K.N. Udupa; R.H. Singh; K.N. Dwivedi; H.P. Pandey; V. Rai
Neurohumoral, endocrine and metabolic studies were conducted on two groups of volunteers (10 from India and 10 from Western countries) who underwent a 10 day course of meditation in a meditation camp. They showed some significant biochemical changes. The blood neuro humors and the related enzymes, namely RBC acetylcholine, RBC cholinesterase, plasma catecholamines and plasma histaminase were found increased; while plasma cortisol, urinary corticoids and urinary nitrogen were found decreased. This indicates that after the course of meditation these subjects were physically stable and were under a less stressful state while they were mentally more active and in a state of increased awareness.
Correlation of serotonin and monoamine oxidase levels with anxiety level in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome
(2003) R.K. Singh; H.P. Pandey; R.H. Singh
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is generally considered to have a psychogenic component in its physiopathology. Aim: To study the role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and anxiety, and to elucidate the relationship between these in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS. Methods: 5-HT and MAO activity and anxiety levels were studied in 20 healthy volunteers (aged 18-25 years; all men) and 57 patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (30-60 years; all men). Results. The concentrations of 5-HT (0.3 [0.04] μg/ mL) and MAO (15.5 [3.2] U/mL), and the anxiety level score (14.4 [2.9]) were significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients than in healthy volunteers (0.1 [0.02], 6.4 [1.4] and 3.4 [1.2], respectively). These parameters correlated with each other in both patients and volunteers. Conclusions: Elevated 5-HT and MAO activity and anxiety may play a role in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS.
Flavonoid glycosides from cuscuta reflexa stems and their antioxidant activity
(Indian Drug Manufacturers' Association, 2001) S.B. Yadav; V. Tripathi; R.K. Singh; H.P. Pandey
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside, Kaemferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside and myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside have been isolated from the stems of Cuscuta reflexa. The antioxidant activity of glycosides was measured by estimating degree of non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation at 440 nm. Apigenin 7-O-glucoside is reported for the first time from this plant.
Free radicals hasten head and neck cancer risk: A study of total oxidant, total antioxidant, DNA damage, and histological grade
(Medknow Publications, 2016) A.K. Singh; P. Pandey; M. Tewari; H.P. Pandey; I.S. Gambhir; H.S. Shukla
Background: Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress, are the main contributors to head and neck carcinogenesis (HNC). The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status and DNA damage analysis in head and neck cancer/control patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with biopsy-proven HNC and 17 patients of head and neck disease (HND). The total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined by novel automatic colorimetric methods from tissue homogenate. DNA damage analysis was determined by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 46.65 ± 14.84 years for HNC patients, while it was 49.41 ± 13.00 years for HND patients. There were no significant differences found between the two groups with respect to demographic presentation except tobacco addiction. The association between oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage analysis with study group revealed the following. (A) DNA damage - tissue homogenate TOS and OSI were significantly higher in HNC subjects than in HND (16.06 ± 1.78 AU vs 7.86 ± 5.97 AU, P < 0.001; 53.00 ± 40.61 vs 19.67 ± 21.90, P < 0.01; 7.221 ± 5.80 vs 2.40 ± 2.54, P < 0.01, respectively), while TAS was significantly decreased. (B) Aggressive histological features were identified, more commonly with higher TOS and lower TAS [probability (P) = 0.002, relative risk (RR) = 11.838, 95% confidence interval CI = 2.514-55.730 and P = 0.043, RR = 0.271, 95% CI = 0.077-0.960, respectively]. Conclusion: The increase in free radicals may be the event that led to the reduction of antioxidant status in HNC, thus explaining the oxidative damage of DNA and the severity of disease. Increased OSI represents a general mechanism in its pathogenesis. © 2016 Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
Holoptelea integrifolia Planch: A potential Ayurvedic medicinal plant
(2013) Jaya Srivastava; Satyendra K. Prasad; K.N. Dwivedi; H.P. Pandey
Holoptelia integrifolia Planch (Ulmaceae) is an evergreen, scattered, glabrous tree with 30-35 m in height and is commonly known as Chilbil in India. In India, stem bark and leaves of the plant are used in indigenous system of medicines such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha for the prevention of variety of diseases such as bitter, astringent, acrid, anti-inflammatory, digestive, carminative, laxative depurative, and diuretic. Literature survey of plant H. integrifolia showed the presence of various phyto constituents having pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, adaptogen, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. Thus, the present review will provide up to date referential information to the researchers working on this particular plant.
Identification of some unknown transcripts from SSH cDNA library of buffalo follicular oocytes
(2013) S.K. Rajput; P. Kumar; B. Roy; A. Verma; H.P. Pandey; D. Singh; S. De; T.K. Datta
A buffalo oocyte-specific subtracted cDNA library was constructed to identify exclusively or preferentially oocyte-expressed genes. The library represented an enriched population of transcripts obtained from oocytes of diverse ovarian follicular origin and at different stages of in vitro maturation. A total of 1173 high-quality sequences of oocyte-specific genes were clustered into 645 unique sequences, out of which 65.76% were represented as singlets and 34.26% as contig expressed sequence tags (ESTs; clusters). Analysis of sequences revealed that 498 of these sequences were identified as a known sequence in mammalian species including buffalo, 103 as uncharacterized ESTs and 44 unknown sequences including 1 novel EST, so far not reported in any species. Gene ontology annotation classified these sequences into functional categories of cellular events and biological processes associated with oocyte competence. Expression status of the isolated unknown ESTs confirmed that many of these are expressed in oocytes exclusively and in others preferentially, some in excess of 80-fold greater in comparison with a variety of somatic tissues. The isolated novel EST was detected to be expressed exclusively in oocytes and testicular cells only. To our knowledge, this is the first report giving a detailed transcriptome account of oocyte-expressed genes in buffalo. This study will provide important information on the physiological control of oocyte development, as well as many questions yet to be addressed on the reproductive process of buffalo. © 2012 The Animal Consortium.
Immunoblot analysis of the humoral immune response to Leishmania donovani polypeptides in cases of human visceral leishmaniasis: Its usefulness in prognosis
(2002) Promod Kumar; Kalpana Pai; Kiran Tripathi; H.P. Pandey; Shyam Sundar
Sera from Indian patients with parasitologically confirmed visceral leishmaniasis were studied by immunoblot analysis in order to identify a specific pattern for Leishmania infection. A soluble extract of Leishmania donovani was used as antigen. At diagnosis the sera from patients with visceral leishmaniasis specifically recognized fractions represented by bands of 201 kDa (50% of serum samples), 193 kDa (60%), 147 kDa (50%), 120 kDa (60%), 100 kDa (50%), 80 kDa (80%), 70 kDa (70%), 65 kDa (100%), 50 kDa (50%), 36 kDa (50%), 20 kDa (70%), and 18 kDa (50%). The 65-kDa band, common to all patients infected with Leishmania parasites, was found at the time of diagnosis. However, the immunoblot pattern changed after patients were treated and cured with sodium antimony gluconate (SAG; n = 10) or miltefosine (n = 10), as was evident from blots of sera obtained pretreatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months posttreatment. At 6 months posttreatment, immunoblots of sera from patients on the SAG regimen showed the disappearance of all bands except the 70-kDa band. Similarly, sera from those on the miltefosine regimen showed the disappearance of all bands except the 65- and 70-kDa bands. This study shows that Western blot analysis is a sensitive test for detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies. Moreover, the persistence of reactivity with the 65- and 70-kDa bands in the sera of all groups shows its promise as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.
Influence of different combinations of antibodies and penicillinase-labeled testosterone derivatives on sensitivity and specificity of immunoassays
(1992) Mohammad J. Rassaie; G.Lakshmi Kumari; Pemmaraju N. Rao; Tulsidas G. Shrivastav; H.P. Pandey
Three antisera raised against bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates of testosterone-3-(O-carboxymethyl)-oxime (T-3-CMO), 11β-hydroxytestosterone-11-carboxymethyl ether (T-11β-O-CME) and 19hydroxytestosterone-19-carboxymethyl-ether (T-19-O-CME) were evaluated in enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) in combinations with penicillinase-labeled T-3-CMO, T-11β-O-CME, T-19-O-CME, and testosterone-17β-hemisuccinate (T-17β-HS)for their influence on the sensitivity and specificity of EIAs. Of the various combinations, anti-T-3-CMO antiserum along with T-11β-O-CME-penicillinase showed no cross-reaction with any of the closely related steroids, although the same antibody had 21.6% binding to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) in radioimmunoassay. All the homologous combinations appeared to be less sensitive due to their low affinity for testosterone. It was also apparent that of all the heterologous systems tested, only two combinations, (a) anti-T-19-O-CME antiserum and T-3-CMO-penicillinase and (b) anti-T-3-CMO antiserum and T-11β-O-CME-penicillinase, were found to be more sensitive. The former was less specific; it showed 70% cross-reaction with 5α-DHT. The ability of testosterone to displace the hapten-enzyme conjugate and the specificity of the assay appear to depend on the position of the enzyme label on the steroid molecule as well as on the availability of antigenic sites in particular combinations of antibody and hapten-enzyme conjugates. © 1992.
Irritable bowel syndrome: Challenges ahead
(2003) R.K. Singh; H.P. Pandey; R.H. Singh
Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most commonly encountered chronic gastrointestinal disorders, accounting for more than half of the patients reporting to gastroenterologists with gastrointestinal symptoms, and incidence of it is rising every day. Although it is not a life-threatening illness, it causes distress to those afflicted and a feeling of helplessness and frustration to the physicians attempting to treat it. It is a motility disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, essentially functional in nature with definite psychosomatic basis. The patients present a variety of symptoms of discomfort without organic abnormalities. Its etiology and functional pathology are unknown. Also there is no specific diagnostic procedure to identify it because the underlying pathophysiology remains unknown. Thus, the diagnosis remains dependent on the symptoms cluster and exclusion of the related pathological diseases. Further, there is no single approach to treat it, hence it is treated with a variety of drugs and other therapies without notable enduring success.
Kala-azar epidemic in Varanasi district, India
(1999) R. Kumar; P. Kumar; R.K. Chowdhary; K. Pai; C.P. Mishra; K. Kumar; H.P. Pandey; V.P. Singh; S. Sundar
Reports at the Sir Sunder Lal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, of a large number of kala-azar cases from one particular village in Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh, led us to carry out an epidemiological study of the situation using standard techniques. The overall prevalence and case fatality of the disease were 12.9% and 10.5%, respectively. A history of fever and hepatosplenomegaly was noted for all the cases. The case definition was the presence of parasites in bone marrow or splenic aspirate smears. The disease was more prevalent among adults, but occurred also among children. However, there was no clear linear relationship between the prevalence of the disease and age group. Kala-azar occurred among males and females, and its prevalence did not correlate significantly with income. Since the disease vector continues to be present in the study area, the health authorities should take strong steps to control the disease.; The epidemiological characteristics of the kala-azar outbreak in Pandit Ka Purva, India, were investigated using standard techniques. A door-to-door survey of 518 persons in Pandit Ka Purva was carried out in November and December 1995, using a predesigned and pretested proforma. Independent variables such as age, sex, and literacy were considered in the survey. Results showed that the overall prevalence and case fatality of the disease were 12.9% and 10.5%, respectively, with a history of fever and hepatosplenomegaly noted for all cases. Culture and Giemsa staining confirmed indications of parasites in the bone marrow or splenic aspirate smears. The disease was more prevalent among adults, but it occurred also among children. However, there was no clear linear relationship between the prevalence of the disease and age group. Kala-azar was more prevalent among males, and its occurrence did not correlate significantly with income. In view of the outbreak of kala-azar in Pandit Ka Purva, it is essential for health authorities to take immediate measures to control the epidemic and prevent its spread to neighboring villages. This will necessitate the development of shorter treatment courses, the improvement of diagnostic methods, and close cooperation between universities, public health agencies, and the government.