Browsing by Author "Hanuman Ram"

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Abundance, Interaction with Plants and Potential Biological Applications
(Springer, 2020) Manoj Parihar; Manoj Chitara; Priyanaka Khati; Asha Kumari; Pankaj Kumar Mishra; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Vijay Singh Meena; Ashish Kumar Singh; Mahipal Choudhary; Jaideep Kumar Bisht; Hanuman Ram; Arunava Pattanayak; Gopal Tiwari; Surendra Singh Jatav
Beneficial microbes associated with plant roots play an important role to achieve higher agriculture production for burgeoning population in sustainable way. Among various microbes, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi interaction with higher land plants is unique as they occupy position both inside and outside of roots. AM fungi as a natural symbionts of land plants provide various ecological services, in particular by improving plant water and nutrition availability, soil health and fertility, alleviating stress condition and wasteland management. Mycorrhizae as a broader group of fungi include seven types of members, i.e. arbuscular, ecto, ectendo, arbutoid, monotropoid, ericoid and orchidaceous, while arbuscular and ectomycorrhizae are the most abundant and ubiquitous. In this chapter, we focus on AM fungi and provide an overview on mycorrhizal interaction, benefits, processes, production development and potential application domain under various conditions. Along with recent advances in AM fungi role under various stress condition, reclamation of problematic wastelands and production aspects, we also discuss about the basic features of AM fungi with past developments to provide an overall glimpse of this plant-fungal interaction. In spite of its growing trends, AM fungi’s current application and market sharing are far below to full potential. Regarding this, current challenges, constraints and strategies for future road map to overcome these problems are also discussed briefly. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
Evaluation of various substrates for mycorrhizal inoculum production
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2022) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Gopal Tiwari; Surendra Singh Jatav; Hanuman Ram
In the present study, six media were standardized to investigate their suitability for on-farm arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) production by examining their physical condition and nutrient status which could be a major determinant of AMF propagule in the final product. The experiment was conducted with Sorghum as a host plant which was inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizoglomus intraradices. Solirite alone recorded 4.66-24.66% higher root colonization than other medium while for spore density in per g of finished product, solirite and red soil mixture (106.33) was found superior followed by solirite and biochar mixture (94.33) and solirite alone (83), respectively, and lowest in soil medium (63 to 74). Moreover, spore density and root colonization were significantly and positively correlated (R2= 0.583, P<0.05) with each other. Solirite alone or mixed with other media improved water holding capacity and porosity with optimum nutrient availability which culminated in better host plant growth and ultimately higher number of AMF propagules. © 2022 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Role of AM fungi in growth promotion of high-value crops
(Elsevier, 2022) Manoj Parihar; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Hanuman Ram; Asha Kumari; Gopal Tiwari; Kiran Rana; Bisweswar Gorain; Utkarsh Kumar; Jaideep Kumar Bisht; Lakshmi Kant
In order to meet the food demands of burgeoning population, innovative and efficient management practices are required for sustainable agricultural production. The high value crops (HVCs) including vegetables, horticulture, fruit and field crops such as potato, cotton, sugarcane etc. not only strengthen the financial security of farmers but also ensure their food, fiber and nutritional availability. To improve the productivity of HVCs, use of beneficial microbial symbionts such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is very promising and eco-friendly approach. The AMF form association with most of the land plants including agricultural and HVCs. They provide numerous benefits to the plants including better availability of water and nutrients, alleviate various biotic and abiotic stresses and promote plant growth. However, AMF response in improving the plant performance depends upon several other aspects such as soil environment, AMF strains, plant genotypes, agricultural management practices etc. In this regard, future research must be towards optimization of AMF plant association, suitable inoculum production and application techniques and co-inoculation of AMF with other plant growth promoting bacteria. In the present chapter we will discuss the state-of-the-art of potential of AMF to improve the production of HVCs, its application in micro-propagation program, commercialization and future advancement for sustainable production system. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Zn-solubilizing microorganism: A novel perspective for sustainable agriculture
(Elsevier, 2021) Surajyoti Pradhan; Rajendra Prasad Meena; Hanuman Ram; Kiran Rana; Manoj Parihar; Ashish Kumar Singh
In the route to achieve higher production, intensive agricultural practices are followed, which are casting a negative impact on sustainability of the agroecosystem. Moreover, food security for a burgeoning population also demands the quality improvement in agricultural produce. According to an estimate, in developing countries ~33% of the population is deficient for zinc due to cereals-based food habits. However, an intensive production system and indiscriminate use of NPK-based chemical fertilizers also reduces the micronutrient content in soil and plant system. Among different micronutrients, deficiency of zinc (Zn) in the soil is most frequent, which reduces the agricultural production and also affects the normal growth and development of living beings. Therefore, to improve the Zn content in food grain and its availability in the soil system, some effective strategies are required to follow for sustainable agricultural production. Recently, the use of zinc-solubilizing microorganisms (ZnSMs) has been reported as a viable technology to enhance the bioavailability of native and applied Zn content in soil. In this regard, bacterial species such as Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, and Bacillus are found efficient and environmentally friendly in various studies. However, before presenting microbial approach as an alternative to synthetic fertilizers, comprehensive investigation regarding production aspects, marketing, availability to end user, quality, and application technology needs to be studied carefully. In this book chapter, we discuss the current knowledge, status, Zn-solubilizing mechanism, production, application, and marketing-related aspects of zinc-solubilizing microorganisms to explore them as green technology for sustainable agricultural production. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.