Browsing by Author "Himanshu Sharma"

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[4+3]-Annulation of 3-Cyano-4-aryl-2-iminochromenes with 1,2-Diaminobenzene: An Access to Novel Chromenobenzodiazepines
(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2018) Mohini Mourya; Himanshu Sharma; Yogesh C. Joshi; Ashok K. Basak
3-Cyano-4-aryl-2-iminochromenes undergo [4+3]-annulation with 1,2-diaminobenzene under mild acidic conditions to generate novel chromenobenzodiazepines in good yields. The annulation reaction was also successful with 2-aminophenol and 2-aminothiophenol. The chromenobenzodiazepines could be conveniently reduced to the corresponding 4 H -chromenobenzodiazepines under mild acidic conditions. © 2018 SynOpen. All rights reserved.
Characterization of Allium germplasms for conservation and sustainable management using SSR markers
(National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), 2019) Kuldip Jayaswall; Abhishek Bhandawat; Himanshu Sharma; Vinod Kumar Yadav; Vijay Mahajan; Major Singh
Allium species are very important due to their medicinal values. Quercetin and allicin are medicinally important compound of onion and garlic, respectively which are proved useful to treat various diseases. However, highly heterozygous nature, self-incompatibility and long gestation period limits genetic improvement of Allium species. Further, the existing germplasms in Indian subcontinents are largely cultivated ones with poor genetic characterization, which limits the germplasm conservation and future management. A total of thirty polymorphic Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were utilized for characterisation of popular onion germplasms and their cross-transferability revealed relatedness with fifteen garlic and wild relatives. Average number of alleles per SSR locus, PIC and heterozygosity was found to be 3.9, 0.51 and 0.57,respectively.Overall genetic diversity recorded was higher in wild relative compared to cultivated A. cepa, possibly because most of the A. cepa variety is derived by domestication but wild relatives are open pollinated and undergoes extensive gene pool shuffling leading to higher heterogeneity. In this study, SSR markers were successfully utilized to assess genetic variations in popular Indian A. cepa, A. sativum and establish genetic relationships with wild Allium species. These markers can be harnessed for molecular breeding, varietal identification and planning germplasm conservation strategies in future. © 2019, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR). All rights reserved.
Chloroplast derived SSRs reveals genetic relationships in domesticated alliums and wild relatives
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) Kuldip Jayaswall; Himanshu Sharma; Abhishek Bhandawat; R. Sagar; Deepanshu Jayaswal; Akash Kumar; Pratibha Chaturvedi; Vijay Mahajan; Sanjay Kumar; Major Singh
Alliums comprise of popular spices and used for various culinary purposes and nutraceuticals. Poor genetic characterization and scarce information regarding domestication, evolution of important alliums like onion, garlic and wild relatives are the major bottleneck to alliums improvement programs. In present study, chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers were developed from Allium paradoxum plastome to examine the genetic relationships among onion, garlic and wild germplasms. A total of 15 cpSSR markers were used to establish genetic relationships in 18 individuals of alliums, producing 40 alleles ranging from 1 to 6 alleles per SSR locus and polymorphism potential of 100%.Average PIC and heterozygosities was found to be 0.392 and 0.330, respectively. The developed cpSSR significantly assisted the phylogenetic study and evolutionary relationships among various Allium species. In future, these cpSSR markers will be useful for varietal identification, purity testing and genetic improvement of alliums. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Development of Allium cepa potential intron polymorphism markers for molecular breeding of Alliums
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Kuldip Jayaswall; R. Sagar; Deepanshu Jayaswal; Akash Kumar; Surendra Pratap Singh; Romit Seth; Himanshu Sharma; Deepesh Kumar; Vijay Mahajan; Sanjay Kumar; Major Singh
Allium cepa is a widely grown crop for its spice and culinary properties. For molecular breeding of Allium cepa, mining and utilization of various sequence-based markers have been widely reported. Unfortunately, none has reported its molecular breeding using potential intron polymorphism (PIP) markers. Due to advantage of intron positioning prediction and practical utility, the PIP markers used for screening the possible polymorphism and cross-transferability in the Alliums. Screening results showed that among 500 Allium cepa potential intron polymorphism (AcPIP) markers, 275 are cross-transferable and polymorphic. Among the 275 AcPIP, 111 polymorphic markers were physically mapped on to 1st to 8th chromosomes of the Allium cepa. Out of the 275 AcPIP containing functionally significant markers, 118 were mapped in onion with Arabidopsis proteome. A set of 10 Alliums were utilized to interpret the polymorphic possibilities of the 500 AcPIP markers. In totality, 55 % AcPIP markers were polymorphic and cross-transferable among the Alliums. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of AcPIP markers ranged from 0.03 to 0.47 and heterozygosity index (H) varied between 0.16 and 0.80. The constructed phylogenetic tree based on the AcPIP markers of 10 Alliums revealed different clusters due to differences in their taxonomic positions. Out of 275 AcPIP markers, 10 AcPIP markers genotyping based Jaccard dissimilarity-based NJ tree of 96 individuals of Allium cepa showed two distinct groups (high total soluble solid; HTSS and low total soluble solid; LTSS). NJ tree and dissimilarity matrix reveal that group I genotypes are distinct, and dissimilar from group II and III genotypes hence it seems that group II and III genotype evolve from group I genotypes. Further we identified nine diverse Allium cepa subsample among which, genotype number 74 has HTSS and could be used for identification and introgression of HTSS coding genes in elite cultivars. Further DNA fingerprint of Alliums with 20 AcPIP markers suggested geographical reach of the released onion varieties. Hence results suggest that 275 AcPIP markers may be useful for accelerating the breeding programme of the Alliums and other species. © 2023 SAAB
Development of chloroplast derived SSR markers for genus Allium and their characterization in the allies for genetic improvement of Alliums
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Kuldip Jayaswall; Himanshu Sharma; Deepanshu Jayaswal; R. Sagar; Abhishek Bhandawat; Akash Kumar; Isha Sharma; Pratibha Chaturvedi; Dalasanuru Chandregowda Manjunathagowda; Deepesh Kumar; Vijay Mahajan; Sanjay Kumar; Major Singh
Alliums are the most popular for their culinary usage and nutraceutical benefits. Their production is greatly affected by the multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Poor characterizations of genetic resources are the major bottleneck in the genetic improvement of Alliums. Chloroplast-derived simple sequence repeat has recently gained much popularity due to their maternal inheritance and low recombination along with their hypervariable nature. In this study, 22 of the 28 chloroplast-derived markers from chloroplast genomes of A. cepa and A. sativum were reported as polymorphic and cross-transferable. Tetra nucleotide repeats were more prevalent (52 %) in these 22 cpSSR markers as compared to other repeat motifs. Further polymorphic information content of these 22cpSSR markers ranged from 0.007 to 0.427. Based on the genotyping of 22cpSSR markers, 25 Alliums were clustered into two groups (groups I, IIA, and IIB). This showed that cultivated Allium cepa and Allium sativum belong to group II rather than the majority of wild Alliums, which belong to group I. Hence This proved the widespread use of these AccpSSR and AscpSSR markers. Additionally, it was clear from 79 Alliums morphological and genotyping-based clustering that these 79 wild Alliums exhibit strong clustering consistency in genotyping and phenotyping-based dendrograms, hence confirming these cpSSR's discrimination potential. Allium tuberosum Rottler ex. Spreng is quite distinct from Allium fistulosum L, A. schoenoprasumas as well as Allium cepa var. aggregatum G.Don. Further Allium fistulosum L, A. schoenoprasum and Allium cepa var. aggregatum are closely related, according to genotyping-based dendrograms of 79 wild Alliums. Hence Allium fistulosum L, A. schoenoprasum, and Allium cepa provide a brilliant opportunity for introgression of the high total soluble content, high quercetin content, and allicin content of cultivated Allium into wild Allium as well as the biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of wild Alliums into cultivated Alliums. Subsequent clustering of 79 Alliums further allowed us to identify diverse Alliums for constructing a core collection. Hence present study will be useful for molecular breeding and genomic selection-based crop improvement. © 2023 SAAB
Development of intron length polymorphic (ILP) markers in onion (Allium cepa L.), and their cross-species transferability in garlic (A. sativum L.) and wild relatives
(Springer Netherlands, 2019) Kuldip Jayaswall; Himanshu Sharma; Abhishek Bhandawat; Ram Sagar; Vinod Kumar Yadav; Vikas Sharma; Vijay Mahajan; Joy Roy; Major Singh
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a popular spice and a plant of high medicinal value. Conventional breeding and genetic improvement efforts were largely limited due to self-incompatibility and heterozygosity. Recently, marker assisted breeding has significantly reduced time and labour in developing elite varieties. But very limited polymorphic and cross-transferable markers are available in onion. There is an urgent need to develop polymorphic markers in Allium to expedite and introgress desirable traits from wild relatives (which are rich bioresource of various biotic and abiotic resistance genes) to A. cepa. Considering limited availability of reliable molecular markers in Allium and wild relatives, in current study, 20,204 ESTs (3750 contigs and 8364 singletons), of A. cepa were successfully utilized for identification of over 2689 intron length polymorphic (ILP) markers. A set of 30 markers was tested for polymorphism in onion and cross-transferability in garlic and related wild species. Among these, eighteen markers amplified at least one of the accessions of A. cepa. Transferability of these ILP markers was ranged from 21.7 to 95.7% in Allium spp. Low level of polymorphism in A. cepa compared to wild Allium species is reported. Based on the Jaccard dissimilarity matrix, a neighbour-joining tree was constructed, which clustered all the 23 varieties/accessions under three groups. All the varieties of A. cepa were clearly clustered separately under group I. However, there was intermixing of varieties/accessions of A. sativum L. and wild relatives, which may possibly be due to less number of markers validated for cross-transferability. In future, larger set of markers will be used to resolve the genetic variations among wild varieties and A. sativum These 18 polymorphic ILP markers could be utilised for diversity characterization of Allium spp., varietal identification, mapping of genes and introgression of desirable traits from wild relatives. © 2019, Springer Nature B.V.
Erratum to: Outcomes and complications of fractures of distal radius (AO type B and C): Volar plating versus nonoperative treatment (Journal of Orthopaedic Science (2014) DOI: 10.1007/s00776-014-0560-0)
(Springer Tokyo, 2014) Himanshu Sharma; Ghanshyam Narayan Khare; Saurabh Singh; Arun Govindraj Ramaswamy; Vinay Kumaraswamy; Ashutosh Kumar Singh
[No abstract available]
Immunomodulator and marker-assisted identification of Allium genotypes containing immunological memory against anthracnose
(Academic Press, 2025) Kuldip Jayaswall; Deepesh Kumar; Deepanshu Jayaswal; Ram Sagar; Sanjay Kumar; Ram Kumar Sharma; Kiran Pandurang Bhagat; Vijay M. Mahajan; Himanshu Sharma; Surendra Pratap Singh; Isha Sharma
Allium cepa (onion) suffers significant yield losses due to anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Current control methods, such as biocontrol agents, have limited effectiveness, while agrochemical applications pose risks to human health and the environment. Genomics-assisted breeding can be useful in getting a diverse genetic pool of wild Allium species to improve disease resistance in cultivated varieties. In this study, we used 42 intron length polymorphic and 22 chloroplast-based SSR markers to identify wild Alliums for anthracnose resistance. Genetic analysis using the marker data showed that two wild types, 6AfistAKO-17 and 15Afistul, are very different from the cultivated types. Immunomodulator benzo-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester evoked a long-lasting immune response in wild Alliums. Transcriptome profiling showed that 131 immune-related genes were more than twice as active in wild Alliums compared to cultivated ones. These included MAPKs (7 genes), WRKY transcription factors (10), R genes (19), MYB transcription factors (28), cytochrome P450s (46), transcriptional activators (14), and other immune-associated genes (7). The results from the anatomical analysis showed that wild Alliums have more callose in their vascular bundles, thicker wax on their leaf surfaces, and closed stomata, which were confirmed by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy, indicating that wild Alliums have a stronger immune system than the cultivated Alliums. Our findings suggest that wild Alliums possess both immunity and immune memory-related genes. This study suggests that molecular markers could help transfer the immunity-related genes from wild Alliums to cultivated Alliums to protect them from anthracnose infestation. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Outcomes and complications of fractures of distal radius (AO type B and C): Volar plating versus nonoperative treatment
(Springer Tokyo, 2014) Himanshu Sharma; Ghanshyam Narayan Khare; Saurabh Singh; Arun Govindraj Ramaswamy; Vinay Kumaraswamy; Ashutosh Kumar Singh
Objectives: Management of AO type B and C fractures of the distal radius is controversial. This study compares outcomes and complications of AO type B and C fractures of the distal radius treated with volar locked plating and nonoperative methods. Materials and methods: Sixty-four patients with fractures of the distal radius (AO type B and C) were included in this study, according to inclusion criteria, and were allocated to the volar plating group or nonoperative group by alternate randomization: 32 patients with odd numbers went into the nonoperative group and the other 32 with even numbers went into the volar plating group. Patients in the nonoperative group were managed with closed reduction of the fracture and plaster cast application under an image intensifier. Those in the volar plating group were managed by open reduction and fixation with a volar locked plate. Preoperative and postoperative serial clinico-radiological follow-up was done. The range of movement, grip strength, functional outcome scores and radiological parameters were compared. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis with significance at p < 0.05. Results: Range of movement and functional scores were significantly (p < 0.001) better in the volar plating group, but the difference in ulnar variance and radial and ulnar deviation was insignificant as compared to the nonoperative group. At 24 months follow-up, the nonoperative group had significantly more cases with malunion, articular incongruity and osteoarthritis. Conclusion: In cases of AO type B or C fractures of the distal radius, volar locked plating provides anatomical stable fixation and early mobilization with better clinico-radiological outcome as compared to conservative treatment. © 2014 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association.
Prolactin promotes growth of a spontaneous T cell lymphoma: Role of tumor and host derived cytokines
(2006) Mahendra Pal Singh; Himanshu Sharma; Sukh Mahendra Singh
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of prolactin (PRL) on the progressive growth of a T cell lymphoma. Using a murine model of a transplantable T cell lymphoma, designated as the Dalton's lymphoma (DL) it is shown that in vivo administration of PRL to tumor bearing mice reduces the survival duration of tumor-bearing host due to an augmentation of tumor growth. In vitro studies demonstrated that PRL directly stimulates the proliferation of DL cells in a dose and time dependent manner. PRL-treated DL cells showed an increase in cell size along with a decrease in cells with apoptotic morphology. Evidence also is presented to show the involvement of tumor and macrophage-derived cytokines: IL-1, IL-2, TGF-β, and M-CSF in PRL-dependent augmentation of tumor growth. Moreover, PRL treatment was found to inhibit Caspase-activated DNase (CAD) expression in DL cells indicating that PRL acts through modulation of caspase dependent pathway of apoptosis. The study is of novel significance as it demonstrates for the first time that PRL can promote growth of a T cell lymphoma involving host and tumor-derived tumor growth promoting cytokines. Copyright © Informa Healthcare.