Browsing by Author "I. Sharma"

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A wheat phenotyping network to incorporate physiological traits for climate change in South Asia
(Elsevier B.V., 2014) Alistair Pask; A.K. Joshi; Y. Manès; I. Sharma; R. Chatrath; G.P. Singh; V.S. Sohu; G.S. Mavi; V.S.P. Sakuru; I.K. Kalappanavar; V.K.Mishra; B. Arun; M.Y. Mujahid; M. Hussain; N.R. Gautam; N.C.D. Barma; A. Hakim; W. Hoppitt; R. Trethowan; M.P. Reynolds
South Asia, which is already home to more than one fifth of the world's population and rapidly growing, will require wheat yields to rise annually by 2.0 to 2.5% to meet demand and maintain food security. To address these challenges, a wheat phenotyping network was established in the region in 2009 to support national breeding programs by applying practical phenotyping techniques to increase selection success using a cooperative multi-location testing network. A number of trials have been grown to introduce new genetic diversity for stress adaptive traits, to establish their genetic bases, and to test a new generation of lines developed using physiological approaches. The 17th Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Trial (SAWYT), consisting of a group of 50 elite spring bread wheat advanced lines, bred in Mexico using both conventional (CON) and physiological trait (PT) approaches, was grown for two seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11. Data showed that PT lines gave superior yields overall, associated with higher grain weight, and with cooler vegetative and grain-filling canopy temperatures (CT); the CT trait is considered indicative of increased gas exchange, a likely consequence in these environments of superior vascular capacity including deeper rooting to access subsoil water. Local check genotypes, which were generally well adapted to the stressed environments tended to be 3-5 days earlier to heading than CIMMYT cultivars. Results demonstrate the potential to integrate physiological breeding approaches into genetic improvement for the region, particularly as future wheat production will take place under increasing water scarcity. © 2014 Elsevier B.V..
Cognitive functions in patients of primary affective disorder on prophylactic lithium treatment
(1988) I. Sharma; P. Singh
[No abstract available]
Earliness in wheat: A key to adaptation under terminal and continual high temperature stress in South Asia
(2013) S. Mondal; R.P. Singh; J. Crossa; J. Huerta-Espino; I. Sharma; R. Chatrath; G.P. Singh; V.S. Sohu; G.S. Mavi; V.S.P. Sukaru; I.K. Kalappanavarg; V.K. Mishra; M. Hussain; N.R. Gautam; J. Uddin; N.C.D. Barma; A. Hakim; A.K. Joshi
High temperatures are a primary concern for wheat production in South Asia. A trial was conducted to evaluate the grain yield performance of high yielding, early maturing heat tolerant CIMMYT wheat lines, developed recently in Mexico for adaptation to high temperature stresses in South Asia. The trial, comprised of 28 entries and two checks, was grown in 13 locations across South Asia and two environments in Mexico. Each location was classified by mega environment (ME); ME1 being the temperate irrigated locations with terminal high temperature stress, and ME5 as warm, tropical, irrigated locations. Grain yield (GY), thousand kernel weight (TKW), days to heading (DH) and plant height (PH) were recorded at each location. Canopy temperature (CT) was also measured at some locations. Significant differences were observed between ME for DH, PH, GY, and TKW. The cooler ME1 locations had a mean DH of 83 days, compared to 68 days mean DH in ME5. The ME1 locations had higher mean GY of 5.26 t/ha and TKW of 41.8. g compared to 3.63 t/ha and 37.4. g, respectively, for ME5. Early heading entries (<79 days, mean DH) performed better across all locations, with GY of 2-11% above the local checks and 40-44. g TKW. Across all locations the top five highest yielding entries had 5-11% higher GY than the local checks. The early maturing CIMMYT check 'Baj' also performed well across all locations. In the Mexico location, CT was associated with GY, thereby suggesting that cooler canopies may contribute to higher GY under normal as well as high temperature stress conditions. Our results suggest that the early maturing, high yielding, and heat tolerant wheat lines developed in Mexico can adapt to the diverse heat stressed areas of South Asia. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Parenting in children and adolescents with psychosis
(Springer, 2014) Shruti Srivastava; I. Sharma; M.S. Bhatia
Need and Purpose of review: Psychotic symptoms appear in children and adolescents in the most crucial years, during the individual’s career development. The challenges faced by parents of psychotic children are in dealing with their disruptive behaviours, negative symptoms, cognitive deficits, delusions and hallucinations. This paper presents an overview of the childhood psychosis and how parenting can be done effectively for this population.; Methods: Articles were retrieved from the Medline, Cochrane database, Google Scholar, Medscape; using the search terms ‘parenting and childhood psychosis’, and ‘childhood psychoses; and standard textbooks were consulted.; Main conclusions: Educating parents how to recognize early symptoms, explaining treatment adherence, side effects of medications along with non-pharmacological measures like dealing with expressed emotions, lowering expectations, enhancing social supports, healthy lifestyle, and making patients independent. Awareness, early identification and effective parenting for psychosis may help bridge the wide gap between scarce skilled mental health professionals, inefficient resources and large paediatric population. © 2014, Indian Academy of Pediatrics.
The effect of aerobic exercise in the maintenance treatment of depression
(Cambridge University Press, 2015) P. Majumder; I. Sharma; P. Vostanis; C. Bone
We investigated the efficacy of aerobic exercise alongside antidepressant medication as an adjuvant maintenance treatment for depression. Fifty patients in remission were randomly assigned to either medication only or medication plus exercise. Assessment of psychopathology was made at 6-weekly intervals (for 24 weeks) using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. The medication-plus-exercise group showed significantly more improvement at 12 and 24 weeks than the medication-only group. This study adds to a growing evidence base that suggests aerobic exercise is worthy of further development in the treatment of depressive disorders. Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists 2015.