Browsing by Author "Janardan Yadav"

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Bio-fortification of minerals in crops: current scenario and future prospects for sustainable agriculture and human health
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Ram Krishna; Gowardhan Kumar Chouhan; Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo Pereira; Avinash Bapurao Ade; Satya Prakash; Sunil Kumar Verma; Ram Prasad; Janardan Yadav; Jay Prakash Verma
Minerals are the key factor determining human beings’ optimum growth and development. The deficiencies of minerals and vitamins hinder the human normal growth and development and economic status. In the 21st century, macro and micronutrient deficiencies are significant challenges to improving the nutritional value of foods at the socio-economic level. Bio-fortification is a simple strategy to improve the nutritional value of the human diet. Several bio-fortification strategies, including traditional breeding, transgenic, agronomic, and modernized agriculture practices, were employed to biofortify crops to meet nutritional needs. However, these strategies are also lacking sustainability due to the specific crop species and micronutrients, provision of long-term monitoring and assistance, long term high cost of special chemical fertilizers, losses of crop yield due to chemical fertilizers-induced alterations of plant metabolism, environmental and health impact originating from incorporation new minerals elements like Se and Cu. Therefore, microbial bio-fortification can promote human health and agriculture sustainability. This review highlights; the phyto-availability of micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Se, I, & Cu) for human diets; availability of micronutrients value in a stable in the edible part of plants; plant uptakes of micronutrients from the soil system; & strategies of crops fortification and its importance. At present, microbial bio-fortification should be emphasized by exploring the macro and micronutrients regulatory mechanisms through plant-microbe interaction with specific soil systems and climate change. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Characterization and screening of thermophilic Bacillus strains for developing plant growth promoting consortium from hot spring of Leh and Ladakh region of India
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2018) Jay Prakash Verma; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Ram Krishna; Satya Prakash; Janardan Yadav; Vijai Singh
In the present investigation, the main aim is to identify and characterize the potential drought tolerant plant growth promoting consortium for agricultural productivity. Three bacterial isolates were isolated from hot spring of Chumathang area of Leh district. Bacillus species (BHUJP-H1, BHUJP-H2, and BHUJP-H3) were done some biochemical tests including catalase, cellulase, amylase, indole-3-acetic acid, phosphate solubilisation, production of ammonia, siderophore, and hydrogen cyanide. Molecular characterization of isolates was done by 16S rDNA sequencing, e.g., Bacillus subtilis BHUJP-H1 (KU312403), Bacillus sp. BHUJP-H2 (KU312404) and B. licheniformis BHUJP-H3 (KU312405). The genetic diversity of the isolates was assessed by seven inter simple sequence repeat, all primer shows high polymorphism. The highest polymorphism efficiency and polymorphism information content showed by UBC-809 and UBC-836 which were 100% and 0.44 respectively, the lowest is by UBC-807 75% and 0.28 respectively. On an average 90.69% polymorphism efficiency and 0.40 polymorphism information contents obtained by used markers. The highest, 11.08 and the lowest, 4.50 effective multiplex ratios obtained for primer UBC-823 and UBC-807, on an average 7.99 effective multiplex ratio obtained. The highest, 4.89 and the lowest, 1.25 marker indexes obtained by UBC-836 and UBC-807 respectively and on an average 3.24 obtained. The UPGMA cluster analysis divided a population into two clusters I and II, in which BHUJP-H1 and BHUJP-H2 grouped under same while BHUJP-H3 grouped under another cluster. The treatment combination of Bacillus subtilis BHUJP-H1, B. subtilis BHUJP-H1+ B. licheniformis BHUJP-H3 and B. subtilis BHUJP-H1+ Bacillus sp. BHUJP-H2+ B. licheniformis BHUJP-H3 were recorded better combination for enhancing plant growth attributes of Vigna radiata as compared to control and others. The plant growth promoting consortium, e.g., Bacillus subtilis BHUJP-H1, Bacillus subtilis BHUJP-H1+ B. licheniformis BHUJP-H3 and B. subtilis BHUJP-H1+ Bacillus sp. BHUJP-H2+ B. licheniformis BHUJP-H3 can be further used as effective microbial inoculant for enhancing the production of mungbean in field conditions. Bacillus sp. BHUJP-H1 and Bacillus sp. BHUJP-H2 may use as drought tolerant plant growth promoting consortium for enhancing the sustainable agricultural productivity. © 2018 Verma, Jaiswal, Krishna, Prakash, Yadav and Singh.
Development of Microbial Consortia for Growth Attributes and Protein Content in Micropropagated Bacopa monnieri (L.)
(Springer India, 2018) Jay Prakash Verma; Kavindra Nath Tiwari; Janardan Yadav; Awadhesh Kumar Mishra
The study was conducted for evaluation of the effect of microbial consortia for growth attributes and protein content of micropropagated plants of Bacopa monnieri. Five microbial strains e.g., Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB04, Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB06, Burkholderia sp. BHUPSB03, Bacillus sp. BHUPSB13 and Paenibacillus sp. BHUPSB16 were isolated and characterised on the basis of biochemical and molecular characters. Burkholderia sp. BHUPSB03 was screened as an effective and significant for phosphate solubilisation, production of indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and siderophores. Hydrogen cyanide was produced by other strains namely Bacillus sp. BHUPSB13, Paenibacillus sp. BHUPSB16 and Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB04. Higher indole-3-acetic acid production was recorded with Burkholderia sp. BHUPSB03 followed by Bacillus sp. BHUPSB13, Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB04 and Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB06 as compared to A. Brasilense and T. harzianum. Tetra inoculation of microbial consortia Azospirillum + Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB06 + Trichoderma + Burkholderia sp. BHUPSB03 showed maximum growth attributes like shoot length, number of branching, dry weight and protein content in micropropagated plants of B. monnieri followed by tri-inoculation of A. brasilense + Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB06 with Burkholderia sp. BHUPSB03/Pseudomonas sp. BHUPSB04/Paenibacillus sp. BHUPSB16/Bacillus sp. BHUPSB13 as compared to control and other treatments. Therefore, tetra and tri inoculations may be used as most efficient microbial consortia for enhancing the growth attributes and protein content in shoots of B. monnieri. © 2016, The National Academy of Sciences, India.
Effect of indigenous Mesorhizobium spp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on yields and nutrients uptake of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under sustainable agriculture
(2013) Jay Prakash Verma; Janardan Yadav; Kavindra Nath Tiwari; Ashok Kumar
The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can substantially reduce the chemical inputs in agriculture. Furthermore, the use of indigenous PGPR can be an added advantage since it can easily acclimatize to the natural conditions and enhance the plant-microbe interactions. Mesorhizobium sp. and PGPR was found significantly better for nodulation, plant growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) over control in a pot and field trial. Significant nodulation (62 and 86%), dry weight of root (44 and 57%) and shoot (26 and 45%) were recorded in co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa over uninoculated control in pot and field condition, respectively. Similarly, co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and P. aeruginosa showed significant grain (32%) and straw (41%) yield, and uptake of nitrogen (65%) and phosphorus (P) (58.9%) by grain of chickpea over control at field experiment. The co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. enhanced the nodulation and N2-fixation, whereas, the co-inoculation of P. aeruginosa enhanced the acquisition of P and Iron (Fe) in chickpea. Furthermore, the production of phytohormone (IAA) by both of these microbial strains stimulated the growth of test plants. Importantly, the inoculation of P. aeruginosa suppressed the wilt and root rot disease in chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani, respectively. Therefore, the present study concludes that the coinoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC03 and P. aeruginosa BHUPSB02 may be used as an effective biofertilizer for chickpea production at Indo-Gangetic region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India at farmer's field. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Effect of seed inoculation with indigenous Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on nutrients uptake and yields of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2014) Janardan Yadav; Jay Prakash Verma
Indigenous symbiotic N2-fixing bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum BHURC04 (Cicer sp.) was found significantly better for nodulation, plant growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) var. C-235 over control in a field trial. Its synergistic relationship was evaluated with different PGPR strains under glasshouse and field experiments. The highest significant number and dry weight of nodules root and shoot dry weight plant-1, yield of grain and straw and uptakes of N and P by chickpea were recorded due to combined inoculation of R.leguminosarum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa over uninoculated soil and treatment with R.leguminosarum alone. This co-inoculation involved direct mechanism of more nodulation and N2 - fixation caused by R.leguminosarum where as improved acquisition of P and Fe caused by P.aeruginosa. Also, indirectly by production of phytohormone (IAA) by both of these microorganisms which stimulated the growth of host plant. P.aeruginosa, and suppressed plant diseases like wilt and root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cicer and Rhizoctonia solani, respectively. Therefore, a combination of R.leguminosarum and P.aeruginosa could be more effective for higher grain yield of chickpea as compare to individual or co-inoculations of R.leguminosarum (Cicer sp.) with Bacillus megaterium or Azotobacter chroococcum. © 2014.
Effects of PGPR blended biochar and different levels of phosphorus on yield and nutrient uptake by chickpea
(Agri Bio Research Publishers, 2014) Kavita Budania; Janardan Yadav
The experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2012-13 at the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U. P.).This manuscript focuses on the PGPR blended biochar and different levels of phosphorus on yield and nutrient uptake by chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Experiment was laid out in CRD with four replications and nine treatments. Three phosphorus levels (0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5/ha) were evaluated in pots. The experimental results showed that application of 60 kg P2O5/ha significantly improved agronomic traits as compared to other treatments. The application of 60 kg P2O5/ha with micronutrient blended biochar with PGPR found 52.14% higher grain yield over control. Nitrogen and phosphorus content in grain (4.03 and 0.503%, respectively) found in treatment T9 was higher than the control.These results suggested that the application of 60 kg P2O5/ha with micronutrient blended biochar with PGPR significantly affected the yield of chickpea.
Enhancement of Nodulation and Yield of Chickpea by Co-inoculation of Indigenous Mesorhizobium spp. and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
(2012) Jay Prakash Verma; Janardan Yadav; Kavindra Nath Tiwari
We study the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) along with Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC02 on nodulation, plant growth, yield, and nutrient content of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under field conditions. A similar study has been conducted for nodulation and plant growth of chickpea in pot experiment under glasshouse conditions. The treatment combination of Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC02 and Pseudomonas fluorescens BHUPSB06 statistically significantly increased nodule number plant -1, dry weight of nodule plant -1, and root and shoot dry weights plant -1 over the control under a glasshouse experiment. The maximum significant increase in nodule number, dry matter, and nutrient content were recorded in co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC02 and P. fluorescens BHUPSB06 followed by co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp., Azotobacter chroococcum, and Bacillus megatrium BHUPSB14 over uninoculated control in a 2-year field study. Hence, co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and P. fluorescens may be effective indigenous PGPR for chickpea production. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Evaluating combined effect of different coated urea with PGPR on yield and nitrogen use efficiency in lowland rice by regression model and principal component analysis approach
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Sachin Sharma; Ayush Bahuguna; Manoj Parihar; Janardan Yadav; Surendra Singh
Nitrogen (N) loss is a key problem in rice fields, which results in low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of applied N and could be a major limitation from economic and environmental perspectives. In order to improve the NUE, use of slow or controlled released N fertilizers could be a potential alternative to the conventional N inputs. With this objective to evaluate the effect of different slow-release fertilizers on NUE and grain yield of rice, a pot experiment was conducted during kharif 2017 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. The experiment comprised thirteen treatments including control, Polymer (PCU) and Neem coated urea (NCU) and their combination with Farm yard manure (FYM) and Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The combined application of PCU, NCU, FYM and PGPR in treatment T12 provided highest grain yield 47.98 gpot−1and followed by T8 46.60 gpot−1. The result showed that, compared with the PCU treatment T2 (PCU100 Split), the Agronomic efficiency (AE) and Apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (ANR%) of the mixed doses of coated urea treatment T12 (PCU50 NCU50 FYM10 PGPR Basal) increased by 20.38% and 28.48% respectively. Therefore, application of FYM and PGPR with coated urea improved rice yield, nutrient uptake and their use efficiency and potentially recommended in eastern plain of the Indo-Gangetic Plain for the sustainable production of rice crop. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Evaluation of PGPR and different concentration of phosphorus level on plant growth, yield and nutrient content of rice (Oryza sativa)
(Elsevier B.V., 2014) Lavakush; Janardan Yadav; Jay Prakash Verma; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Ashok Kumar
The aims of this study were to boost growth attributes, yield and nutrient uptake of rice by different treatment combination of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and various phosphorus fertilizer doses. PGPR strains e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa BHUJY16, P. aeruginosa BHUJY20, Pseudomonas putida BHUJY13, P. putida BHUJY23 and Pseudomonas fluorescens BHUJY29 were known as combined Pseudomonas culture (CPC). The treatment combinations of (CPC+Azotobacter chroococcum+Azospirillum brasilense+60kgha-1 P2O5) and (CPC+A. chroococcum+A. brasilense+30kgha-1 P2O5) showed greater significant (31.66 and 32.00gpot-1) and (29.99 and 30.28gpot-1) grain yield of rice as compared to control during first and second year pot experiments, respectively. The treatment combination (CPC+A. chroococcum+A. brasilense+60kgha-1 P2O5) was recorded significantly higher plant growth attribute, yield, nutrient contents in grain and straw of rice followed by combination of (CPC+A. chroococcum+A. brasilense+30kgha-1 P2O5), (CPC+A. chroococcum+60kgha-1 P2O5) as compared to control during both year of experiments. PGPR combination with 60kgha-1 phosphorus (P) was found higher growth and yield; while PGPR with 30kgha-1 P gave approximately similar results of growth and yield due to more availability of NPK in the soil by cumulative effect of PGPR activities in the rhizosphere soil. So that treatment combinations of PGPR with 30kgha-1 P was found economically cheaper than the PGPR with 60kgha-1 P. Hence, the treatment combination of PGPR strains of Pseudomonas culture with A. chroococcum+A. brasilense+30kgha-1 P2O5 may be used as more effective combination for rice production. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Evaluation of plant growth promoting activities of microbial strains and their effect on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in India
(2014) Jay Prakash Verma; Janardan Yadav; Kavindra Nath Tiwari; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal
The aims of our study were to enhance growth, yield and disease control of chickpea by various combinations of microbial strains (Mesorhizobium, Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichoderma harzianum). Pseudomonas and Trichoderma showed positive IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) production, phosphate solubilisation and antagonistic activities against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani as compared to other strains. In two year investigations, tetra-inoculants have shown significant growth attributes, yield and phytopathogen growth inhibition followed by tri-inoculants than control. Therefore, tetra-inoculants (Mesorhizobium- Azotobacter-Pseudomonas-Trichoderma) may be used as efficient biofertilizer and bio-control agent for chickpea production (Cicer arietinum L.) in eastern Uttar Pradesh. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Forms of manganese in red soils of vindhyan region
(2011) Y.V. Singh; Rajesh Kumar; Surendra Singh; Janardan Yadav; P.K. Sharma
[No abstract available]
Implication of microbial consortium on biomass and yield of chickpea under sustainable agriculture
(Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Romania, 2018) Jay Prakash Verma; Janardan Yadav
Five indigenous soil microbes were isolated from chickpea rhizosphere soils of different location of Jaunpur, Mirzapur, Varanasi and Azamgarh district of eastern Uttar Pradesh. The microbial strains were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa BHUPSB01, Pseudomonas putida BHUPSB04, Bacillus megaterium BHUPSB14, Paenibacillus polymyxa BHUPSB16 and Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC05 by biochemical and molecular characterization. The isolated strains were tested for their plant growth promoting properties. All strains were found positive for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ammonia production, and phosphate solubilization. Furthermore, the strain P. aeruginosa showed siderophore and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, and inhibited the growth of fungal pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. The different treatment combinations of soil -bacteria enhanced nodulation, plant growth and yield of chickpea under the glasshouse and field experiments, respectively. The microbial consortium of P. aeruginosa and Mesorhizobium sp. showed more significant nodulation and biomass dry weight followed by P. polymyxa and Mesorhizobium as compared to Mesorhizobium alone and uninoculated control under glasshouse and field condition, respectively. Similarly, significant increases in grain yield and grain protein were recorded in microbial consortium of P. aeruginosa BHUPSB01 and Mesorhizobium sp. BHURC05. The present study confirmed that Mesorhizobium sp. and P. aeruginosa is an effective microbial consortium for biomass and grain production of chickpea in Indo-Gangetic plain of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. © 2018, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Romania. All rights reserved.
Improved Nutrient Management Practices for Enhancing Productivity and Profitability of Wheat under Mid-Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
(MDPI, 2022) Hanuman Prasad Parewa; Janardan Yadav; Vijay Singh Meena; Deepranjan Sarkar; Sunita Kumari Meena; Amitava Rakshit; Rahul Datta
Two-year field experiments were conducted to study the effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers, farmyard manure (FYM), and bio-inoculants on wheat productivity and profitability. Results specified that judicious application of inorganic fertilizers, FYM, and bio-inoculants significantly increased the productivity and profitability of wheat. Data suggested that the aggregate levels of fertilizer up to 100% NPK ha−1 resulted in significant increases in all growth attributes, grain yield (+206%), straw yield (+177%), and harvest index (+7%) as compared to control. Meanwhile, plots with the application of 10 t ha−1 FYM significantly (p < 0.05) increased grain yield (+26%) and straw yield (+22%) as compared to the control. Similarly, significant enhancement in grain and straw yields was observed with the application of PGPR + VAM over no-inoculation. Results showed that the significantly higher grain and straw yield attained by application of 75% NPK fertilizer + 10 t ha−1 FYM was at par with the application of 100% NPK fertilizer alone. Further, net returns (profitability) and B:C ratio (2.37) were significantly higher with fertilization with 75% NPK + 10 t ha−1 FYM along with PGPR + VAM as compared to 100% NPK alone. Overall, it can be concluded that the combination of 75% NPK and 10 t ha−1 FYM along with PGPR + VAM represented the optimum for net return and B:C ratio and reduced (25%) dose of NPK as compared to the rest of the treatment combinations. © 2022 by the authors.
Influence of inorganic and organic nutrient sources on soil enzyme activities
(2011) Trilok Nath Rai; Janardan Yadav
Pot experiments during rabi 2004-05 and 2005-06 in lysimeter and an incubation study in laboratory were conducted with 12 treatments comprising of recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) i.e. NPK (120, 60 and 60 kg ha-1), RDF +10 kg N through 5 organic sources viz., farmyard manure (FYM), carpet waste (CW), pressmud (PM), digested sludge (DS) and poultry manure (PyM), and alone treatments of above organic wastes equivalent to 120 N ha-1 on wheat cv. HUW-533 in lysimeter at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi. The content of nitrogen in above organics was 0.5, 12, 1.0, 1.0 and 2.5%, respectively. All the integrated treatments of RDF +10 kg N ha-1 through each of the above five organic sources showed greater urease activity than the other treatments at different days after incubation (DAI) whereas the activity of dehydrogenase (DHA) and alkaline phosphatase were more with absolute treatments of the above organic sources of nutrients. In case of incubation study, highest and significant urease (300 μg urea hydrolyzed g-1 h-1) activity was recorded at 30 DAI in the treatment receiving full doses of RDF + 85 kg CW ha-1 followed by treatments of RDF + 2 t FYM and RDF + 1 t PM significantly superior over absolute control (T1). Similarly, maximum build-up of dehydrogenase (74.5 μg TPF g-1day-1) and alkaline phosphatase (90.7 μg pNP produced g-1 h-1) was found in the soils treated with FYM (T8) and with press-mud (T10) at 30 DAI and 120 DAI, respectively.
Microbe induced degradation of pesticides in agricultural soils
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017) Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma; Janardan Yadav
The extensive use of pesticides has played hazard with living beings and the environment and also these chemicals persist and leach in environment for a long time because of more water solubility, tendency to adsorb to the soil (soil adsorption) and more half-life that is tendency to persistence in the environment. The indigenous microbial strains are more effective pesticide degrading microbes because they are survived and grow very well in particular soil environment than exo-genic microbes which brought from other agro-climatic region. In this chapter, we have attempted to discuss the recent challenge of pesticide problem in soil environment and their degradation by the use of effective indigenous pesticides degrading microorganism. Therefore, the use of pesticide degrading microbial consortia is an eco-friendly technology for sustainable agriculture production. © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
Molecular characterization of monocrotophos and chlorpyrifos tolerant bacterial strain for enhancing seed germination of vegetable crops
(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Jay Prakash Verma; Ram Krishna; Anand Kumar Gaurav; Janardan Yadav
The main aim of this study is to investigate the toxicity of organophosphate (OPs) insecticides monocrotophos (MCP) and chlorpyrifos (CLS) on plant growth promoting (PGP) properties and seed germination of brinjal, tomato and okra vegetables inoculated by Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans (BHUJP-P1), Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (BHUJP-P2), Bacillus licheniformis (BHUJP-P3) and Bacillus cereus (BHUJP-P4). Maximum increase in microbial growth (52.6% & 47.9%) with enhanced EPS production (447.67 mg/ml & 75.00 mg/ml) was showed by BHUJP-P4 and BHUJP-P3 at 10× dose of MCP and CLS over control, BHUJP-2 and BHUJP-P1 respectively. Simultaneously, both strains recorded minimum reduction in PGP activities and seed germination at 3× dose of both insecticides as compared to BHUJP-2 and BHUJP-P1, respectively. Strains BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 showed 83 and 81% of monocrotophos degradation at 50 mg/kg concentration; 81 and 80% at 150 mg/kg concentration within 5days respectively. Concurrently, these strains BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 were recorded 53 and 90% of chlorpyrifos degradation at 50 mg/kg concentration; 49% and 87% at 100 mg/kg concentration within 72 h, respectively. The OPs insecticide degrading gene opdA and opd was found in strain BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4, respectively. The multifarious biological activities of strain BHUJP-P3 and BHUJP-P4 showed maximum tolerance against insecticide, and minimum reduction in P-solubilisation, IAA, siderophore and HCN production for plant growth promotion and biological control under insecticide stress. Thus, these novel isolates may be used as biodegradation of organophosphate insecticide and plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) inoculum for enhancing seed germination of vegetables under stress insecticide. These novel strains will be environment friendly, socially acceptable and economically viable. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Multistep Structural and Chemical Evaluation of Sugarcane Baggase, Pretreated With Alkali for Enhancing the Enzymatic Saccharification by Cellulase and Xylanase of the Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 (MK443365) and Bacillus paramycoides T4 (MN370035) Mix-Culture System
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Soni Tiwari; Janardan Yadav; Rajeeva Gaur; Ranjan Singh; Tuhina Verma; Jay Shanker Yadav; Prabhash Kumar Pandey; Srikanta Kumar Rath
The enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse was significantly increased by alkali pretreatment under mild conditions. The effectiveness of different concentrations of alkali and acid pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for improving the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose has been evaluated. The sugarcane bagasse was characterized to contain 39.52% celluloses, 25.63% hemicelluloses, and 30.36% lignin. After that, sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with 5 and 10% of H2SO4 and NaOH at 121°C for 60 min. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses also showed significant molecular and surface structure changes of the sugarcane bagasse with 10% NaOH. Maximum saccharification was 489.5 mg/g from 10% NaOH pretreatment followed by 322.75, 301.25, and 276.6 mg/g from 10% H2SO4, 5% NaOH, and 5% H2SO4, respectively, which were 55.1, 32.0, 27.1, and 20.6 times higher than the that of the control. Cellulase and xylanase produced by Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 (MK443365) and Bacillus paramycoides T4 (MN370035) were used to hydrolyze the pretreated bagasse, and the optimal condition was determined to be 30 h of the enzymatic reaction with the 3:1 ratio of enzymes under the temperature of 55°C, pH 5.0, and substrate concentration of 3%, leading to celluloses and hemicelluloses conversion in the enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification that is more proficient. Copyright © 2022 Tiwari, Yadav, Gaur, Singh, Verma, Yadav, Pandey and Rath.
Rice cv. HUR105 response to zinc fertilizer combined with microbial consortia and cow dung grown in the eastern plain of Uttar Pradesh, India
(Applied and Natural Science Foundation, 2022) Jaya Prajapati; Janardan Yadav; Brajkishor Prajapati
The solubility and bioavailability of zinc in the soil determinethe efficiency of Zn fertilizers. A two-year (2018 and 2019) field experiment was performed to study the effectiveness of Zn sources combined with Zn solubilizing microorganisms, ZSM (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus + Pantoea agglomerans) and cow dung, in rice cv. HUR105 in alluvial soil at the Agriculture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. Among various treat-ments, the treatment (T8) 9.8 kg ZnO ha-1 with ZSM showed better grain and straw yields. However, 25.0 kg ZnSHH ha-1 + ZSM (T6) was found to be statistically comparable to the treatment (T8). The addition of cow dung (CD) decreased the grain yield in T11 (9.8 kg ZnO ha-1 + ZSM + 200 kg CD ha-1) and T12 (14.6 kg ZnO ha-1 + ZSM + 200 kg CD ha-1), except the treatment (T10) 4.9 kg ZnO + ZSM + 200 kg CD ha-1. Partial factor productivity of applied Zn varied from 347.2 to 1762.2 and 369.6 to 1855.6 kg grain kg-1 Zn, physiological Zn efficiency varied from 487.4 to 2075.3 and 775.5 and 2035.2 kg grain kg-1 Zn ab-sorbed, agronomic use efficiency of Zn ranged from 20.1 to 189.6 and 28.7 to 180 kg grain kg-1 Zn, the recovery efficiency of Zn fertilizer varied from 3.58 to 11.9% and 3.57 to 11.8% among the treatments in both seasons, respectively. The maximum gross and net return were documented by T8-9.8 kg ZnO ha-1 + ZSM, and 23.9% and 28.5% over the control due to higher grain yields. © 2022, Applied and Natural Science Foundation. All rights reserved.
Salt Tolerant Indigenous Zn Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from Forest Organic Soils Promotes Yield and Root Growth in Oryza Sativa under Zinc Deficient Alluvial Soil
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Jaya Prajapati; Janardan Yadav; Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal; Brajkishor Prajapati; Soni Tiwari; Jayshankar Yadav
The present study conducted to identifying and characterizing the efficient Zn solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from chickpea and peas rhizosphere owing distinct plant growth advancing qualities for zinc-inadequate alluvial soil. Out of ten, Four strains ZnJ11, (Klebsiella pneumonia- MT509804), ZnJ10 (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus- MT509803), ZnJ15A (Acinetobacter pittii- MT509805), and ZnJ2A (Pantoea agglomerans- MT509806) were selected using basal medium contained insoluble Zn minerals such as ZnO and ZnPO4 at concentrations of 2000 µg/mL. In qualitative assay, ZnJ11 showed maximum zinc solubilization efficiency (SE: 525 ± 2.9 and pH-7.5), followed by ZnJ10 showed (SE: 383 ± 3.1 and 329 ± 3.2, pH-7.5) in all three Zn sources, then ZnJ15A and ZnJ2A exhibited (SE: 306 ± 2.2 and 206 ± 1.7) respectively. Contrary to plate assay, zinc solubilization in liquid medium quantified by AAS also revealed efficacy of all the strains. Bacterial growth and Zn solubilization at variable salt concentration (0–10%) and pH (4.5–10) was measured that showed Klebsiella sp. tolerate (8% & 6.5–8.5), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (6% & 6.5–10), Acinetobacter pittii (10% & 6.5–10) and Pantoea sp. (8% & 5.5–10) respectively. In addition, all strains were showed different degree of susceptibility to tested antibiotics at variable concentrations. Simultaneously, phytostimulating properties like IAA production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, potassium solubilization, siderophore production, ammonia production, HCN and amylase, cellulose, pectinase and catalase were also tested. Bio-inoculation of A. calcoaceticus × P. agglomerans was done in rice crop (HUR 105) with different combination of zinc oxide and zinc sulfate in pot experiment. Findings revealed that root growth (31 ± 1.6), straw yield (32.4 ± 1.7), and grain yield (13 ± 2.0) in the treatment of ZnO (Zn-8.0 kg/ha) with Bio-inoculation was found superior over all treatments. The positive action of Bio-inoculation was also exhibited on growth and yield parameters. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Salt tolerant vegetable genotypes and their production potential in desert area of Rajasthan
(Arid Zone Research Association of India, 2004) Janardan Yadav; B.K. Arora; Narendra Kumar
[No abstract available]