Browsing by Author "Jitendra Jethani"

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Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review
(Adis, 2022) Kirandeep Kaur; Bharat Gurnani; Swatishree Nayak; Nilutparna Deori; Savleen Kaur; Jitendra Jethani; Digvijay Singh; Sumita Agarkar; Jameel Rizwana Hussaindeen; Jaspreet Sukhija; Deepak Mishra
Digital eye strain (DES) is an entity encompassing visual and ocular symptoms arising due to the prolonged use of digital electronic devices. It is characterized by dry eyes, itching, foreign body sensation, watering, blurring of vision, and headache. Non-ocular symptoms associated with eye strain include stiff neck, general fatigue, headache, and backache. A variable prevalence ranging from 5 to 65% has been reported in the pre-COVID-19 era. With lockdown restrictions during the pandemic, outdoor activities were restricted for all age groups, and digital learning became the norm for almost 2 years. While the DES prevalence amongst children alone rose to 50–60%, the symptoms expanded to include recent onset esotropia and vergence abnormalities as part of the DES spectrum. New-onset myopia and increased progression of existing myopia became one of the most significant ocular health complications. Management options for DES include following correct ergonomics like reducing average daily screen time, frequent blinking, improving lighting, minimizing glare, taking regular breaks from the screen, changing focus to distance object intermittently, and following the 20-20-20 rule to reduce eye strain. Innovations in this field include high-resolution screens, inbuilt antireflective coating, matte-finished glass, edge-to-edge displays, and image smoothening graphic effects. Further explorations should focus on recommendations for digital screen optimization, novel spectacle lens technologies, and inbuilt filters to optimize visual comfort. A paradigm shift is required in our understanding of looking at DES from an etiological perspective, so that customized solutions can be explored accordingly. The aim of this review article is to understand the pathophysiology of varied manifestations, predisposing risk factors, varied management options, along with changing patterns of DES prevalence post COVID-19. © 2022, The Author(s).
Low-dose atropine 0.01% for the treatment of childhood myopia: A pan-India multicentric retrospective study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2024) Rohit Saxena; Vinay Gupta; Rebika Dhiman; Elizabeth Joseph; Sumita Agarkar; R. Neena; Damaris Magdalene; Jitendra Jethani; Sandra C. Ganesh; Minal Patil; Pooja Gogri; Shailesh Gadaginamath; Pradhnya Sen; Jaspreet Sukhija; Deepak Mishra; Jyoti H. Matalia; Anupam Sahu; Smita Kapoor; Shruti Nishanth; Shweta Chaurasia; Neelam Pawar; Nilutparna Deori; Viswanathan Sivaraman; Anamika Bordoloi; Shailja Tibrewal; Davinder Singh; Priyanka Prasad; Swati Phuljhele; Namrata Sharma
Objective The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-dose atropine 0.01% in controlling myopia progression among Indian children over a 2-year period. Methods This retrospective study, conducted across 20 centres in India, monitored the progression of myopia over 2 years after initiating treatment with 0.01% atropine eye drops. This included children between 6 and 14 years with baseline myopia ranging from -0.5 D to -6 D, astigmatism≤-1.5 D, anisometropia ≤ -1 D and documented myopia progression of ≥0.5 D in the year prior to starting atropine. Subjects with any other ocular pathologies were excluded. Results A total of 732 children were included in the data analysis. The mean age of the subjects was 9.3±2.7 years. The mean myopia progression at baseline (1 year before starting atropine) was -0.75±0.31 D. The rate of myopia progression was higher in younger subjects and those with higher baseline myopic error. After initiating atropine, myopia progression significantly decreased to -0.27±0.14 D at the end of the first year and -0.24±0.15 D at the end of the second year (p<0.001). Younger children (p<0.001) and higher baseline myopia (p<0.001) was associated with greater myopia progression and poor treatment response (p<0.001 for both). Conclusion Low-dose atropine (0.01%) effectively reduces myopia progression over 2 years in Indian children. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.