Browsing by Author "Joginder Singh"

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An insight into the molecular docking interactions of plant secondary metabolites with virulent factors causing common human diseases
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Ajay Kumar; Sandeep Kumar Singh; Vipin Kumar Singh; Chandra Kant; Amit Kishore Singh; Vijay Tripathi; Kalpna Singh; Vijay Kumar Sharma; Joginder Singh
Plant natural products or secondary metabolites have gained significant attention globally because of discoveries of semi-synthetic drugs novel bioactive compounds. Currently, a large part of global population relies on natural products to cure ailments and even chronic diseases and to enhance their immune system. Interestingly, the commonly used drugs for the treatment of some common human diseases like cancer, ulcer, tuberculosis, asthma, etc., have been reported to be of plant origin and recognized to elicit beneficial effects in virulent factors of diseases in vivo and in vitro. The herbal drugs are economical and considered as safe upto certain extent from major side effects. But, still there is need of rapid collection, characterization, taxonomy, certification, and storage for broad, efficient and effective use in drug design or discovery. In this review, we summarized the plants derived secondary metabolites used in treating common human diseases and emphasised the protein-ligand interactions between virulent factors of diseases namely Insulin, p53, Proteasome-associated ATPase, Enterotoxin, Choleragen, IgE with secondary metabolites Aloin, Sesamin, Alliin, Flavanon, Salannin Octyl-β-d-Glucopyranoside of plants respectively, through molecular docking. This study will play a valuable and effective role in drug designing and screening plant-derived metabolites for drug designing. © 2021 SAAB
Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of selected varieties of piper betle L. (Betel leaf)
(Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 2018) Chayanika Sarma; Prasad Rasane; Sawinder Kaur; Jyoti Singh; Joginder Singh; Yogesh Gat; Umar Garba; Damanpreet Kaur; Kajal Dhawan
Piper betle L., is an evergreen perennial creeper belonging to family Piperaceae and is known to possess numerous medicinal properties. Current study focuses on evaluating antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of betel leaf. For the present study, distilled water, hexane, acetone and ethanolic extracts of two varieties of betel leaves: Meetha paan and Banarasi paan were used. Biochemical tests such as proximate analysis (moisture, ash, protein, lipids, minerals viz., sodium and potassium), antioxidant activity tests (DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenolics, ascorbic acid, reducing power) and antimicrobial test (antibacterial and antifungal susceptibility test) against four pathogens viz., B. subtilis, E. coli, A. niger and S. cerevisiae were determined. Ethanolic extract had the highest antioxidant activity (89.46% inhibition), while the aqueous extract exhibited lowest antioxidant activity (62.03% inhibition). With increasing concentration (5, 10, 25 and 50 µg/mL), the reducing power of leaf extracts also increased. The ascorbic acid was not significant in Banarasi paan (5.21mg/100 g) and Meetha paan (5.20mg/100 g). The highest antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract (Banarasi paan) may be attributed to the presence of phytosterols in the leaf varieties. Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential study will help to build a database and promote the utilization of betel leaf as a medicinal herb. © 2018, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias. All rights reserved.
Applicability of new sustainable and efficient green metal-based nanoparticles for removal of Cr(VI): Adsorption anti-microbial, and DFT studies
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Simranjeet Singh; T.S.S.K. Naik; C. Thamaraiselvan; S.K. Behera; Pavithra. N; Bidisha Nath; P. Dwivedi; Joginder Singh; Praveen C. Ramamurthy
Artemisia absinthium leaves were utilized as a reducing agent for green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (particle size 17 nm). Synthesized green-ZnO (g-ZnO) were characterized by SEM/EDX, FTIR, XRD, UV, and BET analyses and then further used as an adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) ions from simulated wastewater. Optimal pH, temperature and adsorbent dosage were determined through batch mode studies. High removal efficiency and adsorption capacity were observed at pH 4, 0.25 g L−1 dosage, and 25 mg L−1 concentration of Cr(VI). Experimental data were modelled with different adsorption kinetics (Elovich model, PFO, PSO, IDP model) and isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin), and it was found the adsorption process was well fitted to Langmuir with an R2 value greater than>0.99. Computational calculation showed that the g-ZnO nanoparticles became ∼14 times more dynamic with delocalized surface states making them a relevant platform to adsorb Cr with greater work function compatibility supporting the experimental findings. The Qmax adsorption capacity of g-ZnO was 315.46 mg g−1 from Langmuir calculations. Thermodynamic calculations reveal that the Cr (VI) adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, with a positive ΔS value representing the disorder at the solid-solution interface during the adsorption. In addition, the present study has demonstrated that these g-ZnO nanoparticles show strong antibacterial activities against P. aeruginosa (MTCC 1688) and E. coli (MTCC 1687). Also, the novel g-ZnO adsorbent capacity to remove Cr(VI) from simulated water revealed that it could be reused at least six times with higher removal rates during regeneration experiments. The results obtained from adsorption and antimicrobial activities suggest that g-ZnO nanoparticles could be used effectively in real-time wastewater and agricultural safety applications. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Arsenic-induced responses in plants: Impacts on biochemical processes
(wiley, 2022) Sanjay Kumar; Varsha Rani; Simranjeet Singh; Dhriti Kapoor; Daljeet Singh Dhanjal; Ankita Thakur; Mamta Pujari; Praveen C. Ramamurthy; Joginder Singh
Arsenic (As) overaccumulates into plants because of mineralization, mining activities, irrigation with contaminated groundwater, wood preservatives, herbicides, insecticides, and fertilization with solid municipal wastes. The state of arsenic (III) and (V) triggers an overproduction of reactive oxygen species like hydroxyl radical, oxide radical, and hydrogen peroxide, causing oxidative damage of various biochemicals like nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. These ions also stimulate various enzymes like catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and nonenzymatic components like glutathione, ascorbate, carotenoid, and A-tocopherol inside the plants and act as antioxidants. Therefore, the toxicity of arsenic is stated to negatively affect the productivity as well as the quality of plants and impact the well-being and health of animals and humans consuming it. With passing time, plants have started evolving and developing strategies to curb the toxic effect induced by arsenic via mechanisms like accumulation of compatible solutes (mannitol, glycine betaine, sugar, and proline), biosynthesis of polyphenols, compartmentalization, and metal-binding proteins. Moreover, exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO), phosphate, proline, and potassium has been reported to reduce arsenic toxicity substantially. In this chapter, we explored the effects of arsenic on biochemical processes, oxidative stress, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and protein metabolism in arsenic-induced plants. We also discussed some directions to uncover the precise molecular mechanism involved in ameliorating arsenic-induced toxicity responses in different plants. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Beneficial microbiomes for bioremediation of diverse contaminated environments for environmental sustainability: present status and future challenges
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Divjot Kour; Tanvir Kaur; Rubee Devi; Ashok Yadav; Manali Singh; Divya Joshi; Jyoti Singh; Deep Chandra Suyal; Ajay Kumar; Vishnu D. Rajput; Ajar Nath Yadav; Karan Singh; Joginder Singh; Riyaz Z. Sayyed; Naveen Kumar Arora; Anil Kumar Saxena
Over the past few decades, the rapid development of agriculture and industries has resulted in contamination of the environment by diverse pollutants, including heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, plastics, and various agrochemicals. Their presence in the environment is of great concern due to their toxicity and non-biodegradable nature. Their interaction with each other and coexistence in the environment greatly influence and threaten the ecological environment and human health. Furthermore, the presence of these pollutants affects the soil quality and fertility. Physicochemical techniques are used to remediate such environments, but they are less effective and demand high costs of operation. Bioremediation is an efficient, widespread, cost-effective, and eco-friendly cleanup tool. The use of microorganisms has received significant attention as an efficient biotechnological strategy to decontaminate the environment. Bioremediation through microorganisms appears to be an economically viable and efficient approach because it poses the lowest risk to the environment. This technique utilizes the metabolic potential of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environments. Many microbial genera have been known to be involved in bioremediation, including Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Mucor, Penicillium, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Talaromyces, and Trichoderma. Archaea, including Natrialba and Haloferax, from extreme environments have also been reported as potent bioresources for biological remediation. Thus, utilizing microbes for managing environmental pollution is promising technology, and, in fact, the microbes provide a useful podium that can be used for an enhanced bioremediation model of diverse environmental pollutants. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
IMPROVED GROWTH AND COLCHICINE CONCENTRATION IN GLORIOSA SUPERBA ON MYCORRHIZAL INOCULATION SUPPLEMENTED WITH PHOSPHORUS-FERTILIZER
(African Traditional, Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative, 2014) Devendra Kumar Pandey; Tabarak Malik; Abhijit Dey; Joginder Singh; R.M. Banik
Background: Gloriosa superba produces an array of alkaloids including colchicine, a compound of interest in the treatment of various diseases. The tuber of Gloriosa superba is a rich source of colchicine which has shown anti-gout, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. However, this promising compound remains expensive and Gloriosa superba is such a good source in global scale. Increase in yield of naturally occurring colchicine is an important area of investigation. Materials and Methods: The effects of inoculation by four arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), fungi, Glomus mossae, Glomus fasciculatum, Gigaspora margarita and Gigaspora gilmorei either alone or supplemented with P-fertilizer, on colchicine concentration in Gloriosa superba were studied. The concentration of colchicine was determined by high-performance thin layer chromatography. Results: The four fungi significantly increased concentration of colchicine in the herb. Although there was significant increase in concentration of colchicine in non-mycorrhizal P-fertilized plants as compared to control, the extent of the increase was less compared to mycorrhizal plants grown with or without P-fertilization. This suggests that the increase in colchicine concentration may not be entirely attributed to enhanced P-nutrition and improved growth. Among the four AM fungi Glomus mossae was found to be best. The total colchicine content of plant (mg / plant) was significantly high in plants inoculated with Glomus mossae and 25 mg kg-1phosphorus fertilizer (348.9 mg /plant) while the control contain least colchicine (177.87 mg / plant). Conclusion: The study suggests a potential role of AM fungi in improving the concentration of colchicine in Gloriosa superba tuber. © 2014, African Traditional, Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative. All rights reserved.
Removal of Pb ions using green Co3O4 nanoparticles: Simulation, modeling, adsorption, and biological studies
(Academic Press Inc., 2023) Simranjeet Singh; Pavithra N; T.S.S.K. Naik; U. Basavaraju; C. Thamaraiselvan; S.K. Behera; Retinder Kour; Padmanabh Dwivedi; S. Subramanian; Nadeem A. Khan; Joginder Singh; Praveen C. Ramamurthy
Chemical co-precipitation synthesized novel and green cobalt-oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) utilizing cobalt nitrate as cobalt precursors. FTIR, Raman, scanning electron microscopy, UV visible, X-ray powder diffraction, and BET was used to analyze the surface characteristics, composition, and morphology, of the NPs. These green Co3O4-NPs were employed to remove Pb ions from simulated wastewater solutions at various pH, adsorbate, temperature, and dose concentrations. At dose 20 mg/L, pH 6.0, 20 mg/L (Pb(II) solution, 25 °C of temperature, and 45 min for equilibrium, nearly 99.44% of Pb ions were removed. To evaluate the kinetic data, four different kinetic equations were used. The data fit the Elovich rate equation better than the other three models. Thermodynamic and isothermal studies were also evaluated, and the maximum adsorption capacity of 450.45 mg/g was observed at 298.15 K. 0.1 M HNO3, and 0.1 HCl were used to regenerate used Co3O4-NPs. Simulation results show the strong correlation of the Co atom in the Co3O4-NPs generates active delocalized surface states, which are energetically most favorable for heavy metal (Pb ions) adsorption and removal, supporting the experimental outcomes. In concluding remarks, green Co3O4-NPs can also be used as an adsorbent to remove Pb ions from wastewater bodies. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.