Browsing by Author "Jyoti Gupta"

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Alteration in transforming growth factor-β1 gene expression in hypertrophic scar
(National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), 2014) Jyoti Gupta; Amol Patel; Pradeep Jain
In human, development of hypertrophic scar is a complex interaction of growth factors, cytokines and abnormal processes of wound healing. The exact role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in pathogenesis of scar has not been well looked into Indian setup. Hence, the present study becomes imperative to understand its pathogenesis with the aim to evaluate the role of cytokine, such as, TGF-β1, before and after 6 months of application of a herbal cream. This study is intended to find out the differential expression of TGF-β1 gene after the herbal cream treatment and improvement in the hypertrophic scar. The total RNA was isolated from the samples using Trizol and cDNA was prepared for RT-PCR analysis. The expression of TGF-β1 was high in 72.5% cases of hypertrophic scar, while 27.5% cases showed lower expression before treatment. After 6 months of application of the herbal cream, the expression of TGF-β1 gene was significantly down regulated (77.5%), while no changes were observed in 22.5% of hypertrophic scar cases. The variation in the gene expression of TGF-β1 could be due to several factors, such as, different age group, depth of injury and delay in healing of wounds. However, the efforts have been made to cure such patients as they suffer from psychological problems, especially with the scars on exposed parts of the body including face.
Designing, synthesis of selective and high-affinity chalcone-benzothiazole hybrids as Brugia malayi thymidylate kinase inhibitors: In vitro validation and docking studies
(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2015) Koneni V. Sashidhara; Srinivasa Rao Avula; Pawan Kumar Doharey; L. Ravithej Singh; Vishal M. Balaramnavar; Jyoti Gupta; Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya; Sushma Rathaur; Anil K. Saxena; Jitendra Kumar Saxena
In our continuing search for safe and efficacious antifilarials, a series of novel chalcone-benzothiazole hybrids have been synthesized and evaluated for their Brugia malayi thymidylate kinase (BmTMK) enzyme inhibition activity. Their selectivity towards BmTMK was studied and compared to the human TMK (HsTMK) by an in silico method. Out of seventeen derivatives, compounds 34 and 42 showed higher interactions with the BmTMK active site. MolDock docking model revealed the interactions of these two derivatives and the results corroborated well with their in vitro antifilarial activities. Our studies suggest that these hybrids are selective towards the BmTMK enzyme and may serve as potential therapeutic agents against filariasis. © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Human acrocentric chromosome and their association with nucleolar organizer regions in down syndrome
(Scientific Publishers of India, 2011) Ajit Kumar Saxena; Divya Singh; Jyoti Gupta
In human five chromosomal loci encode ~ 360 copies ribosomal genes are called nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). These are located on the short arm of the acrocentric chromo somes. The exact role of NORs is not known but it helps in the assembly of ribosomes during cell division (mitosis). In the present case study the Down syndrome case used as model of non - disjunction event because of having an extra copy of acrocentric chromosome become imperative to know the associations between acrocentric chromosomes and NORs sites associated transcriptional event. In this case high incidence of NORs expression (>60%/cell) were observed. However, this study of NORs explores the mechanism of transcription during neuronal differentiation causes "mental retardation" has not been documented earlier in the literature.
Role of stem cell research in therapeutic purpose - A hope for new horizon in medical biotechnology
(2010) Ajit Kumar Saxena; Divya Singh; Jyoti Gupta
While the WHO's general alignment for malignancies & diabetic impacts only one quarter of the world's population, the Indian population is negatively skewed outside of such malignancies & diabetic range. Stem cells (SCs) are undifferentiated highly specialized kinds of cell types having capacity to renew itself, found in different tissue or organ. SCs are capable of dividing for long period of time to furnish grow different cell types with specific functions. It took about twenty years to gain knowledge of how to grow embryonic stem cell in-vitro. The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to renew or maintain and repair the injured tissue in which they are found. SCs are classified in to two categories on the basis of their origin and their functional properties. First the embryonic stem cells originate from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, while second is of adult stem cells. Another category of stem cells are the amniotic fluid derived embryonic cells (AFEc) having equally important cells which transform into various types of tissues present in fat, bone, muscles, liver and blood vessels. The main advantage of AFEc is to use these cells without or disturbing or touching embryo. Embryonic stem cell expresses specific markers of self renewal and pluripotency including transcription factor like SOX-2, LIF etc. Bone - marrow contains two kinds of stem cells, one haemotopoietic which form the blood and second stroma which form mixed cell population like bone, cartilage fat and fibrous connective tissue. Cellular differentiation of stem cells is inimitable and based on either intrinsic or extrinsic signals and during migration cancer stem cell loses cell polarity which leads to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (ENT). These signals named genes which carry coded instructions (novel molecules) for all the structure and function. External signals are chemical molecules secreted by other neighboring cell through physical contact (paracrine regulation). Efforts are being done to grow both embryonic and adult stem cells using "tissue culture engineering" in vitro. SCs could be used for various therapeutic purposes like Parkinson's patients , Alzheimer's disease & other neurological disorders patients, repairing for damaged heart muscles and for type I diabetes patients as an alternative source of chemotherapy including trauma patients which is not only expensive but lack of side effect too. © 2010 Old City Publishing, Inc.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-oxycoumarin derivatives as a new class of antifilarial agents
(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2015) Sweta Misra; Lav Kumar Singh; Priyanka; Jyoti Gupta; Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya; Diksha Katiyar
Abstract A series of 4-oxycoumarin derivatives was synthesized, characterized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for antifilarial activity against the human lymphatic filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. A majority of the compounds studied showed potent in vitro activity with low IC50 values in the micro molar (μM) range (0.014-1.73 and 0.0056-0.43) against adult worms and microfilariae, respectively. Compounds 8 and 9 were identified to be the most promising antifilarial candidate molecules exhibiting activity in the nanomolar (nM) range. The IC50 values for compound 8 were 14 nM and 5.6 nM while for compound 9 were 94 nM and 13 nM, respectively, for adult worm and microfilaria. These two compounds also displayed promising adulticidal activity (74.9 ± 4.8% and 69.4 ± 2.8%, respectively) in the primary rodent (jird) screen. This study also serves as a starting point for investigating structure-activity relationship with different amino substituents. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
Therapeutic potential of silicone gel sheet treatment and alteration in transforming growth factor beta gene expression in hypertrophic scars
(Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, 2018) Jyoti Gupta; Vaibhav Jain; Pradeep Jain
Background: The management and prevention of hypertrophic scars is a challenging problem. Various efforts are made by the researchers to understand the mechanism of the abnormal healing and also to offer better therapy to control these unusual scars. Silicone gel sheet is widely used as the first-line therapy for hypertrophic scars. Objective: The present study has been designed to find out the efficacy of silicone gel sheet treatment on transforming growth factor beta gene(s) expression. Subjects and Methods: The total RNA was isolated from forty hypertrophic scar cases with median age of 42 years before starting the treatment and at 6 months after the silicone gel sheet therapy using Trizol. The cDNA was synthesized for the quantitative gene expression analysis of transforming growth factor beta gene (1, 2, and 3) by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The observations showed that the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF β)-1 and -2 gene in hypertrophic scars was much higher, i.e., 2.6- and 3.8-fold, respectively, when evaluated and compared with controls. The present study also evaluated the efficiency of silicone gel sheet treatment therapy in hypertrophic scars in relation to altered expression of TGF-beta genes. After 6 months of therapy, the mRNA expression of TGF β-2 gene was significantly downregulated (P = 0.01) and β-3 insignificantly upregulated. Patients’ assessment scale showed complete cure in 12.5% of cases, and major improvement was observed in 45% of cases. Conclusion: The silicone gel sheet therapy is useful for treating the hypertrophic scars by downregulating expression of profibrotic TGF β-1 and -2 genes. © 2018, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.