Browsing by Author "Jyoti Shankar Tripathi"

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Antibacterial Activity of Extract of Endophytic Fungi of Gymnema sylvestre
(Springer India, 2016) Amit Ranjan; Jyoti Shankar Tripathi; Santosh Kumar Singh
Endophytic fungi were isolated from Gymnema sylvestre, a known medicinal plant for hypoglycemic activity. Isolated endophytes were screened for their antibacterial activity against an array of pathogenic bacteria. The systemic study was made on endophytic fungi of medicinal plant, G. sylvestre growing in different natural habitats of India. A total of 25 fungal isolates were recovered from different parts of G. sylvestre and they were grouped in 11 fungal genera. Potato dextrose agar medium yielded the highest number of isolates with the greatest species richness. The fungi were identified as Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Phomopsis sp., Pestalotia sp., Xylaria sp., Phyllosticta sp., Gleomastix sp., Acrimonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. and Scytalidium sp. The secret of this medicinal plant was revealed by the evaluation of the extract of its endophytic fungi having antibacterial activity. Traditionally this plant is being used since long in diabetic treatment, however it is also effective against the infection. The extracts of five fungal isolates among 25 isolates were found effective inhibitors against human pathogenic bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) a gram negative and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25323) a gram positive bacteria. © 2014, The National Academy of Sciences, India.
Characterization and evaluation of mycosterol secreted from endophytic strain of Gymnema sylvestre for inhibition of α-glucosidase activity
(Nature Research, 2019) Amit Ranjan; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Saumya Khare; Ruchita Tripathi; Rajesh Kumar Pandey; Anurag Kumar Singh; Vibhav Gautam; Jyoti Shankar Tripathi; Santosh Kumar Singh
Endophytic fungi produce various types of chemicals for establishment of niche within the host plant. Due to symbiotic association, they secrete pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds and enzyme inhibitors. In this research article, we have explored the potent α-glucosidse inhibitor (AGI) produced from Fusarium equiseti recovered from the leaf of Gymnema sylvestre through bioassay-guided fraction. This study investigated the biodiversity, phylogeny, antioxidant activity and α-glucosidse inhibition of endophytic fungi isolated from Gymnema sylvestre. A total of 32 isolates obtained were grouped into 16 genera, according to their morphology of colony and spores. A high biodiversity of endophytic fungi were observed in G. sylvestre with diversity indices. Endophytic fungal strain Fusarium equiseti was identified through DNA sequencing and the sequence was deposited in GenBank database (https://ncbi.nim.nih.gov) with acession number: MF403109. The characterization of potent compound was done by FTIR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis with IUPAC name 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-3-ol. The isolated bioactive compound showed significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 values, 4.22 ± 0.0005 µg/mL and 69.72 ± 0.001 µg/mL while IC50 values of acarbose was 5.75 ± 0.007 and 55.29 ± 0.0005 µg/mL respectively. This result is higher in comparison to other previous study. The enzyme kinetics study revealed that bioactive compound was competitive inhibitor for α-amylase and α-glucosidase. In-silico study showed that bioactive compound binds to the binding site of α-amylase, similar to that of acarbose but with higher affinity. The study highlights the importance of endophytic fungi as an alternative source of AGI (α-glucosidase inhibition) to control the diabetic condition in vitro. © 2019, The Author(s).
In vivo toxicity study of ethanolic extracts of evolvulus alsinoides & centella asiatica in swiss albino mice
(Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019) Mukesh Kumar Yadav; Santosh Kumar Singh; Manish Singh; Shashank Shekhar Mishra; Anurag Kumar Singh; Jyoti Shankar Tripathi; Yamini Bhusan Tripathi
AIM: We aimed to investigate several parameters after the in vivo acute and sub-acute administration of ethanolic extracts from E. alsinoides & C. asiatica. METHODS: Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors for in vivo toxicity study guidelines 423 and 407 of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) were followed for acute and sub-acute toxicity assays respectively. For LD50 evaluation, a single dose of ethanolic extracts of Evolvulus alsinoides L. (EEA) and ethanolic extracts of Centella asiatica (ECA) was orally administered to mice at doses of 200, 400, 800, 1600 and 2000 mg/kg. Then the animals were observed for 72 hours. For acute toxicity evaluation, a single dose of both extracts was orally administered to mice at doses of 300, 600, 1200 and 2000 mg/kg and the animals were observed for 14 days. In the sub-acute study, the extracts were orally administered to mice for 28 days at doses of 300, 600, 1200 and 2000 mg/kg. To assess the toxicological effects, animals were closely observed on general behaviour, clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, food and water intake. At the end of the study, it was performed biochemical and hematological evaluations, as well as histopathological analysis from the following organs: brain, heart, liver, and kidney. RESULTS: The oral administration of E. alsinoides and C. asiatica ethanolic extracts, i.e. EEA 300, EEA 600, EEA 1200, EEA 2000, ECA 300, ECA 600, ECA 1200 & ECA 2000 mg/kg doses showed no moral toxicity effect in LD50, acute and sub-acute toxicity parameters. CONCLUSION: In this study, we had found that E. alsinoides & C. asiatica extract at different doses cause no mortality in acute and sub-acute toxicity study. Also, histopathology of kidney, liver, heart, and brain showed no alterations in tissues morphology. © 2019 Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Santosh Kumar Singh, Manish Singh, Shashank Shekhar Mishra, Anurag Kumar Singh, Jyoti Shankar Tripathi, Yamini Bhusan Tripathi.
Neuroprotective activity of evolvulus alsinoides & centella asiatica ethanolic extracts in scopolamine-induced amnesia in swiss albino mice
(Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019) Mukesh Kumar Yadav; Santosh Kumar Singh; Manish Singh; Shashank Shekhar Mishra; Anurag Kumar Singh; Jyoti Shankar Tripathi; Yamini Bhusan Tripathi
AIM: To carry out the comparative nootropic, neuroprotective potentials of two medicinal plant species. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For neuroprotective activity; behavior models (elevated plus maze & morris water maze), in vivo antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation & reduced glutathione), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6 & TNF-α) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) assessment procedures followed at different dosages i.e. 250 & 500 mg/kg of Evolvulus alsinoides and Centella asiatica ethanolic extracts. At the end of the study, it was performed histopathological analysis of the following organs: brain, heart, liver, and kidney. RESULTS: In oral administration of different doses of ethanolic extracts of both medicinal plants i.e. Sco + EEA 250 = 2.49 ± 0.29, Sco + EEA 500 = 2.67 ± 0.36, Sco + ECA 250 = 2.33 ± 0.17, Sco + ECA 500 = 2.77 ± 0.21, Sco + EEA + ECA 250 = 2.61 ± 0.32 and Sco + EEA + ECA 500 = 2.79 ± 0.16 U/mg of protein respectively against the scopolamine induced group Sco (control) = 5.51 ± 0.35 U/mg of protein extracts shows neuroprotective and nootropic activity with reducing AChE level in the brain homogenate of swiss albino mice. CONCLUSION: Since the E. alsinoides & C. asiatica are already used in traditional Indian medicine as the neuroprotective agent and also found promising effects over inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activity. The neuroprotective effect of both plants extracts attributed to inhibition of AChE activity and improve the spatial memory formation. © 2019 Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Santosh Kumar Singh, Manish Singh, Shashank Shekhar Mishra, Anurag Kumar Singh, Jyoti Shankar Tripathi, Yamini Bhusan Tripathi.