Browsing by Author "K.V. Bhat"

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Genetic diversity in Indian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers
(2008) Vipin Kumar; Shailendra Sharma; Amit Kumar Sharma; Mukesh Kumar; Shiveta Sharma; Sunil Malik; K.P. Singh; R.S. Sanger; K.V. Bhat
Genetic diversity of twenty-six common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions of diverse geographical origin was studied using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fifteen out of forty four primers screened showed polymorphism across present set of genotypes. A total of 124 amplicons were scored using these 15 primers. Ninety five percent of the amplified products showed polymorphism, indicating fair amount of variation at the DNA level among these accessions. Cluster analysis delineated the genotypes in to four groups. © 2008 Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society.
Phylogenetic informativeness of plastid regions in inferring the species relationships among Cucumis species
(Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2015) Nidhi Shubhanand; Madhoolika Agrawal; K. Joseph John; Shrikant Sutar; S.R. Yadav; S.R. Rao; K.V. Bhat
Molecular approaches are playing major role in phylogeny reconstruction and species relationship studies. The uniparent inheritance, small size, non recombinant nature and extremely low rate of evolution of chloroplast genome make it an appropriate marker for phylogenetic studies. In the present study, phylogenetic informativeness of two coding regions, rbcL and rpoC1 and two non-coding intergenic spacers psbA-trnH and trnL-F of plastid DNA were analysed for inferring relationships among Cucumis species. Maximum evolutionary divergence was shown by trnL-F followed by psbA-trnH region. The non-coding spacers evolved 1.62 to 9 times faster than coding regions of rbcL and rpoC1. In the phylogenetic analyses, all species of Asian origin showed clear divergence from Cucumis dipsaceus and Cucumis prophetarum, which were African in origin. Mukia maderaspatana and Dicaelospermum ritchiei showed very low evolutionary divergence and are reported close to each other. C. setosus had been confirmed as distinct species and C. callosus was found to be a wild progenitor of C. melo. © 2015, Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding. All rights reserved.
Tracking sesamin synthase gene expression through seed maturity in wild and cultivated sesame species - a domestication footprint
(2015) N. Pathak; A. Bhaduri; K.V. Bhat; A.K. Rai
Sesamin and sesamolin are the major oil-soluble lignans present in sesame seed, having a wide range of biological functions beneficial to human health. Understanding sesame domestication history using sesamin synthase gene expression could enable delineation of the sesame putative progenitor. This report examined the functional expression of sesamin synthase (CYP81Q1) during capsule maturation (0-40 days after flowering) in three wild Sesamum species and four sesame cultivars. Among the cultivated accessions, only S. indicum (CO-1) exhibited transcript abundance of sesamin synthase along with high sesamin content similar to S. malabaricum, while the other cultivated sesame showed low expression. The sesamin synthase expression analysis, coupled with quantification of sesamin level, indicates that sesamin synthase was not positively favoured during domestication. The sesamin synthase expression pattern and lignan content, along with phylogenetic analysis suggested a close relationship of cultivated sesame and the wild species S. malabaricum. The high genetic identity between the two species S. indicum and S. malabaricum points towards the role of the putative progenitor S. malabaricum in sesame breeding programmes to broaden the genetic base of sesame cultivars. This study emphasises the need to investigate intraspecific and interspecific variation in the primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools to develop superior sesame genotypes. © 2015 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.
Value addition in sesame: A perspective on bioactive components for enhancing utility and profitability
(Medknow Publications, 2014) Niti Pathak; A.K. Rai; Ratna Kumari; K.V. Bhat
Sesame seed is a reservoir of nutritional components with numerous beneficial effects along with health promotion in humans. The bioactive components present in the seed include vital minerals, vitamins, phytosterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols and unique class of lignans such as sesamin and sesamolin. The presence of phenylpropanoid compounds namely lignans along with tocopherols and phytosterols provide defense mechanism against reactive oxygen species and increases keeping quality of oil by preventing oxidative rancidity. In this article, we have reviewed the nutraceutical, pharmacological, traditional and industrial value of sesame seeds with respect to bioactive components that hold high antioxidant value. Valuable information on superior functional components of sesame will strongly promote the use of sesame seeds in the daily diet world-wide. In spite of huge repertoire of sesame germplasm collection, limited research efforts on the use of conventional and biotechnological methodologies have resulted in minimal success in developing nutritionally superior cultivars. In consequence, value addition efforts in sesame would enable development of genotypes with high antioxidant activity and subsequently prevention of free radical related diseases. Modification of bioactive components in sesame would enable production of stabilized sesame oil with enhanced shelf life and better market value.