Browsing by Author "Kajal Singh"

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Appraisal on accumulation of nanoenabled agrochemicals in plants with subsequent morphophysiological implications
(Elsevier, 2024) Pradeep Kumar; Kajal Singh; Amit Kumar Singh; Nancy Singh; Sakshi Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Tatiana Minkina; Sunil Kumar Mishra; Kavindra Nath Tiwari
The use of agricultural goods that are nanoenabled with nanotechnology, including nanoemulsions, nanoherbicides, nanofertilizers, and nanopesticides, to enhance the efficacy of agrochemical distribution to crop plants has become a more practical option. Many experiments have shown that the use of nanoagrochemicals has the efficacy of lowering the negative effects of chemical-derived fertilizer on the natural environment, in addition to significantly boosting crop yield. Still, new evidence suggests that goods made using nanotechnology not only have the ability to boost agricultural productivity but also bring about changes to the condition of the crop. There have been reports of variations in the amount of carbohydrates, amino acids, and starch present, in addition to the necessary metals. The levels of verbi gratia, albumin, globulin, and prolamin have dramatically increased in rice that has been subjected to CeO2-engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), whereas the levels of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus have risen in different crops that received treatments treated with CeO2, CuO, and ZnO ENPs. On the other hand, researchers found that Mo and Ni levels dropped in both cucumbers and kidney beans after they were treated with synthetic nanoparticles made of CeO2 and ZnO, respectively. However, brief studies on the particular effects of nanoenabled agrochemical in agricultural area have been disscussed. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Design, Synthesis, DFT, docking Studies, and antimicrobial evaluation of novel benzimidazole containing sulphonamide derivatives
(Academic Press Inc., 2024) Kajal Singh; Vishal K. Singh; Richa Mishra; Ashwani Sharma; Archana Pandey; Santosh K. Srivastava; Himani Chaurasia
In silico approaches have been employed to design a new series of benzimidazole-containing sulphonamide derivatives and qualified compounds have been synthesized to analyze their potential as antimicrobial agents. Antibacterial screening of all synthesized compounds was done using the broth microdilution method against several human pathogenic bacteria, viz. Gram-positive bacteria [B. cerus (NCIN-2156), B. subtilis (ATCC-6051), S. aureus (NCIM-2079)] and Gram-negative bacteria [P. aeruginosa (NCIM-2036), E. coli (NCIM-2065), and a drug-resistant strain of E. coli (U-621)], and the compounds presented admirable MIC values, ranging between 100–1.56 µg/mL. The combinatorial analysis showed the magnificent inhibitory efficiency of the tested compounds, acquired equipotent to ten-fold more potency compared to original MIC values. An immense synergistic effect was exhibited by the compounds during combination studies with reference drugs chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole was presented as fractional inhibitory concentration (∑FIC). Enzyme inhibition studies of all synthesized compounds were done by using peptidyl transferase and dihydropteroate synthase enzymes isolated from E. coli and S. aureus and each of the compound presented the admirable IC50 values, where the lead compound 3 bound to peptidyl transferase (of S. aureus with IC50 363.51 ± 2.54 µM and E. coli IC50 1.04 ± 0.08 µM) & dihydropteroate synthase (of S. aureus IC50 3.51 ± 0.82 µM and E. coli IC50 2.77 ± 0.65 µM), might account for the antimicrobial effect, exhibited excellent inhibition potential. Antifungal screening was also performed employing food poisoning methods against several pathogenic fungal species, viz A. flavus, F. oxysporum, A. niger, and A. brassicae. The obtained result indicated that few compounds can prove to be a potent drug regimen against dreaded MDR strains of microbes. Structural activity relationship (SAR) analysis and docking studies reveal that the presence of electron-withdrawing, polar, and more lipophilic substituents positively favor the antibacterial activity, whereas, electron-withdrawing, more polar, and hydrophilic substituents favor the antifungal activities. A robust coherence has been found in in-silico and in-vitro biological screening results of the compounds. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.
In silico and network pharmacology analysis of fucosterol: a potent anticancer bioactive compound against HCC
(Springer, 2024) Kajal Singh; Pradeep Kumar; Amit Kumar Singh; Nancy Singh; Sakshi Singh; Kavindra Nath Tiwari; Shreni Agrawal; Richa Das; Anuradha Singh; Bhuwal Ram; Amit Kumar Tripathi; Sunil Kumar Mishra
The Fucaceae family of marine brown algae includes Ascophyllum nodosum. Fucosterol (FSL) is a unique bioactive component that was identified through GC-MS analysis of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. nodosum. Fucosterol's mechanism of action towards hepatocellular cancer was clarified using network pharmacology and docking study techniques. The probable target gene of FSL has been predicted using the TargetNet and SwissTargetPred databases. GeneCards and the DisGNet database were used to check the targeted genes of FSL. By using the web programme Venny 2.1, the overlaps of FSL and HCC disease demonstrated that 18 genes (1.3%) were obtained as targeted genes Via the STRING database, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network with 18 common target genes was constructed. With the aid of CytoNCA, hub genes were screened using the Cytoscape software, and the targets' hub genes were exported into the ShinyGo online tool for study of KEGG and gene ontology enrichment. Using the software AutoDock, a hub gene molecular docking study was performed. Ten genes, including AR, CYP19A1, ESR1, ESR2, TNF, PPARA, PPARG, HMGCR, SRC, and IGF1R, were obtained. The 10 targeted hubs docked with FSL successfully. The active components FSL of ASD, the FSL, are engaged in fatty liver disease, cancer pathways, and other signalling pathways, which could prove beneficial for the management of HCC. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Nano- and Nano-Biochar: Overview, Production, and Characteristics
(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Pradeep Kumar; Kajal Singh; Amit Kumar Singh; Nancy Singh; Sakshi Singh; Shreni Agrawal; Richa Das; Vishnu D. Rajput; Tatiana Minkina; Sunil Kumar Mishra; Kavindra Nath Tiwari
The global climate is shifting due to emissions of greenhouse gases and changes in agricultural practices. The atmosphere is being exposed to an increasing number of carbon-based molecules and pollutants as a result of human population growth, expanding factory output, and expanding agronomic practices. As a result, not only is wasted energy produced, but the atmosphere is also contaminated. With suitable techniques and management, these emissions could be converted to charcoal solids. Such carbon-based materials, often known as “biochar,” are used in a wide range of industries, particularly agricultural production. Because of its crystalline characteristics, biochar can also be referred to as nano biochar (NBC). By using certain procedures, biochar can be transformed into NBC. In this case, the physiological and biological attributes of this valuable substance improve while better methods are used to reduce pollution discharges, remediate soil, produce energy, and manage waste. The planting area has recently expanded in an effort to increase crop yield. Scientists and farmers are now seeking ways to increase productivity per unit area as this technique has changed significantly. However, in other cases, increased production per unit area puts pressure on the cultivated land. If the situation is not properly managed, the soil will be overharvested of these essential nutrients, and eventually, the topsoil will be depleted of them. In certain circumstances, it is best to incorporate soil treatments. The soil is given various modifications to help with its physicochemical and biological features. Biochar is one of these materials that also improves the effectiveness of fertilizers and irrigation water. NBC enhances the conditions for crop growth and aids in effective soil conservation. © 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Nanoparticles for crop improvement and management
(De Gruyter, 2024) Richa Das; Pradeep Kumar; Shreni Agrawal; Kajal Singh; Nancy Singh; Sakshi Singh; Jyoti Vishwakarma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Amit Kumar Singh; Tatiana M. Minkina; Indrani Bhattacharya; Sunil Kumar Mishra; Kavindra Nath Tiwari
Agriculture is the mainstay, especially for developing countries. Climate changes globally and a rapidly expanding population are posing new challenges to food security, necessitating effective crop enhancement technologies that provide excellent crop quality and quantity. Chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers are commonly used to address biotic stressors in crop production, but these have serious consequences for crop quality and health. Nanotechnology is a novel and scientific method employed in designing, manipulating, and developing beneficial nanoparticles. Materials of nanometer-scale sizes that range from 1 nm to 100 nm are produced using nanotechnology. Due to their small sizes, they have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio (as compared to bulk forms), thereby conferring unique and desirable physical traits. The nanotechnology application in agriculture is outstandingly advancing in order to improve food quality, minimize agricultural inputs, boost nutritional content, and extend shelf life. Crop improvement, crop growth, crop protection, soil enhancement, stress tolerance, and precision farming all benefit from nanotechnology. Nanomaterials provide a platform for delivering agrochemicals and other macromolecules required for plant growth improvement and stress tolerance. Smart agrochemical delivery boosts production by regulating nutrients and water requirements. Both the quality and quantity of agriculture can be improved by using nanoparticles to transform genes and supply macromolecules that encourage expression of genes. The motive of the chapter is to highlight importance of different nanoparticles in abiotic stress, detection of pathogen, seed germination, crop growth, quality enrichment, and supplementation of macronutrients and micronutrients. © 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. All rights reserved.