Browsing by Author "Kaliappan Ilango"

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A Patient with Obese Hypoventilation Syndrome with Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: Brain Mapping and Polysomnography Outcomes
(Elsevier Taiwan LLC, 2014) Inampudi Jyothi; Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; KammellaAnanth Kumar; Rajappan Chandra Satish Kumar; Kaliappan Ilango; Ramkumar Sundaraperumal; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
[No abstract available]
Anticancer activity of Moringa oleifera mediated silver nanoparticles on human cervical carcinoma cells by apoptosis induction
(2014) Karunamoorthy Vasanth; Kaliappan Ilango; Ramasamy MohanKumar; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
Silver nanomaterial plays a crucial role in the growing field of nanotechnology as there is an increasing commercial demand for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) owing to their wide biological applications. The present investigation aims at developing anti-cancerous colloidal silver using Moringa olifera stem bark extract. Electron and atomic force microscopic images were taken to analyze the surface morphology of the synthesized AgNPs. The effects of synthesized AgNPs were tested against human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) and cell morphology was further evaluated using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The efficiency of green synthesized AgNPs was studied with the help of fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and was shown to induce apoptosis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HeLa cells. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Assessment of serum leptin and resistin levels in association with the metabolic risk factors of pre- and post-menopausal rural women in South India
(2013) Tanu Priya; Minakshi G. Chowdhury; Karunamoorthy Vasanth; Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; Kaliappan Ilango; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
AbstractObjectives Menopausal status is related with weight gain, abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism leading to metabolic syndrome susceptibility. The aim of this study is to determine circulating serum leptin and resistin levels and to correlate these levels in relationship with the metabolic factors in pre- and post-menopausal women. Methods A cross-sectional study has been carried out for 34 subjects who were in post-menopause and 31 subjects who had regular menstruation in south Indian rural women. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting lipid profile, fasting leptin and resistin levels were measured. Results In a total of 65 subjects, the mean age of pre-menopausal group was 38.65 ± 6.21 and that of post-menopausal group was 55.32 ± 6.32. Fasting serum leptin level was increased considerably in post-menopausal women when compared to pre-menopausal women (P = 0.018). Resistin has no significant relationship with metabolic factors except Body Mass Index (BMI) in both the groups. Triglycerides and FBS were lower in pre-menopausal group when compared to post-menopausal group (P < 0.001). Leptin was well correlated with BMI in pre-menopausal women (r2 = 0.7120, P < 0.0001) as well as post-menopausal women (r2 = 0.2470, P = 0.0028). Leptin also had significant correlation with FBS in both pre (r2 = 0.1373, P = 0.0402) and post-menopausal women (r2 = 0.2141, P = 0.0401). Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with the leptin levels in post-menopausal women (P < 0.001). Conclusion Leptin was found to have significant association with metabolic factors when compared to resistin in pre- and post-menopausal women and there is no doubt that association of BMI and FBS elevates the level of leptin in both the category. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Diabetes India.
Comparative inhibitory potential of selected dietary bioactive polyphenols, phytosterols on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 with fluorometric high-throughput screening
(Springer, 2015) Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; Ramasamy Mohan Kumar; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey; Kaliappan Ilango
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) inhibition by the bioactive molecules of dietary supplements or herbal products leading to greater potential for toxicity of co-administered drugs. The present study was aimed to compare the inhibitory potential of selected common dietary bioactive molecules (Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, β-Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Quercetin and Rutin) on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 to assess safety through its inhibitory potency and to predict interaction potential with co-administered drugs. CYP450-CO complex assay was carried out for all the selected dietary bioactive molecules in isolated rat microsomes. CYP450 concentration of the rat liver microsome was found to be 0.474 nmol/mg protein, quercetin in DMSO has shown maximum inhibition on CYP450 (51.02±1.24 %) but less when compared with positive control (79.02±1.61 %). In high throughput fluorometric assay, IC50 value of quercetin (49.08±1.02–54.36± 0.85 μg/ml) and gallic acid (78.46±1.32–83.84±1.06 μg/ml) was lower than other bioactive compounds on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 respectively but it was higher than positive controls (06.28±1.76–07.74±1.32 μg/ml). In comparison of in vitro inhibitory potential on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, consumption of food or herbal or dietary supplements containing quercetin and gallic acid without any limitation should be carefully considered when narrow therapeutic drugs are administered together. © 2014, Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India).
Correlation of serum leptin and resistin levels with the metabolic risk factors of pre- and postmenopausal women in South India
(2013) Tanu Priya; Minakshi G. Chowdhury; Karunamoorthy Vasanth; Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; Kaliappan Ilango; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
Background: Menopausal status is related to weight gain and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism leading to metabolic syndrome (METS) susceptibility. Purpose: To determine circulating serum leptin and resistin levels and to correlate these levels in relation to the metabolic factors in pre- and postmenopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 34 individuals who were postmenopausal and 31 individuals who had regular menstruation among south Indian rural women. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting lipid profile, fasting leptin, and fasting resistin levels were measured. Results: In a total of 65 women, the mean age of the premenopausal group was 38.65±6.21 years and that of the postmenopausal group was 55.32±6.32 years. The fasting serum leptin level was increased considerably in postmenopausal women when compared to premenopausal women (p=0.018). Resistin had no significant relationship with metabolic factors except body mass index (BMI) in both of the groups. Triglycerides (TG) and FBS were lower in the premenopausal group when compared to the postmenopausal group (p<0.001). Leptin was well correlated with BMI in premenopausal women (r2=0.7120, p<0.0001) as well as postmenopausal women (r2=0.2470, p=0.0028). Leptin also had a significant correlation with FBS in both pre- (r2=0.1373, p=0.0402) and post-menopausal women (r2=0.2141, p=0.0401). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was positively associated with leptin levels in postmenopausal women (p<0.001). Conclusion: Leptin was found to have significant association with metabolic factors when compared to resistin in pre- and postmenopausal women and there is no doubt that association of BMI and FBS elevates the level of leptin in both categories. © 2013.
Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Mangiferin, Ellagic acid and Hydroxycitric acid in polyherbal formulation
(EManuscript Services, 2014) Ananth Kumar Kammalla; Mohan Kumar Ramasamy; Aruna Agarwal; G.P. Dubey; Kaliappan Ilango
The US patented polyherbal formulation for the prevention and management of Type II diabetes and its vascular complications was used for the present study. The formulation consists of roots of Salacia species, leaves of Lagestroemia parviflora and fruit rind of Garcinia indica. The use of reversed phase C18 HPLC column was used and eluted with isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and phosphoric acid buffer solution enabled the efficient separation of chemical markers within 20min. Validation of the method was performed in order to demonstrate its selectivity, accuracy, precision, repeatability and recovery. All calibration curve shows good linear correlation coefficients (r2>0.995) within tested ranges. Three markers in this polyherbal formulation were quantified were Mangiferin (1.53% w/w), Ellagic acid (0.9655 w/w), Hydroxycitric acid (5.3% w/w). Intra and inter day RSDs of retention times and peak areas were less than 3%. The recoveries were between 95% and 102.5%. In conclusion a method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of three markers in this polyherbal formulation. The established RP-HPLC method was simple, precise and accurate and can be used for the quality control of the raw materials as well as formulations.
Effect of Dioscorea bulbifera and its Major Bioactive Compound, Diosgenin on CYP450 Mediated Drug Metabolism
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2015) Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; Kaliappan Ilango; Ramasamy Mohan Kumar; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) inhibition by the bioactive molecules of herbs leading to greater potential for toxicity of co-administered drugs. Diosgenin is an important bioactive steroidal sapogenin from Dioscorea bulbifera belonging to the triterpene group and is of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this study was, to find whether D. bulbifera and Diosgenin influences the effect on rat CYP450 enzymes and its important isoforms (CYP3A4, CYP2D6) by using high through put screening. CYP450-CO Complex assay was performed in rat pooled liver microsomes to calculate percentage inhibition of test samples on CYP450. IC values were determined by fluorometric assays of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Mode of inhibition of Diosgenin on these CYPs were further assessed by molecular docking studies with the Glide (Schrodinger Inc. U.S.A.). In CYP450 inhibition assay, the inhibitory potential of herb extract (40.44±1.28 %) was found to be less than positive control (72.08±1.96 %). In fluorometric assay, herb extract exhibited higher IC values (96.21 ± 1.32 to 180.42±0.12 µg/ml) when compared to positive inhibitors and lower than Diosgenin (172.54±0.52 to 201.86±1.49 µg/ml) on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Based on the inhibitory potential, test substances exhibited very less interaction capacity, thereby leading to less significant herb-drug interaction with co-administered drugs.Further clinical studies are required to fully assess the safety of Diosgenin in terms of CYP450. © 2015, © 2015 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.
Erratum: Assessment of serum leptin and resistin levels in association with the metabolic risk factors of pre- and post-menopausal rural women in South India (Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews (2013) 7 (233-237))
(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Tanu Priya; Minakshi G. Chowdhury; Karunamoorthy Vasanth; Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar; Kaliappan Ilango; Aruna Agrawal; Govind Prasad Dubey
[No abstract available]
Management of Cognitive Determinants in Senile Dementia of Alzheimer’s Type: Therapeutic Potential of a Novel Polyherbal Drug Product
(Springer International Publishing, 2014) Ananya Sadhu; Prabhat Upadhyay; Aruna Agrawal; Kaliappan Ilango; Dipankar Karmakar; Gur Prit Inder Singh; Govind Prasad Dubey
Background and Objective: The enigmatic etiology of neurodegenerative diseases poses a challenge for the development of novel and efficient drugs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a polyherbal (test) formulation on cognitive functions, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in healthy elderly as well as senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type (SDAT) patients.; Method: A randomized double-blind placebo- and active-controlled clinical trial was performed in healthy elderly subjects and SDAT patients with an age range of 60–75 years. The polyherbal test formulation along with a placebo was given to healthy elderly subjects while the SDAT patients received either the test formulation containing extracts of Bacopa monnieri (whole plant), Hippophae rhamnoides (leaves and fruits) and Dioscorea bulbifera (bulbils) at a dose of 500 mg or donepezil drug (Aricept) at a dose of 10 mg, twice daily, for a period of 12 months. After every three months, cognitive functions were assessed by determining the mini mental state examination (MMSE) score, digital symbol substitution (DSS; subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised), immediate and delayed word recall (digital memory apparatus—Medicaid systems, Chandigarh, India), attention span (Attention Span Apparatus—Medicaid systems, Chandigarh, India), functional activity questionnaire (FAQ) and depression (geriatric depression scale) scores. Further inflammatory markers and level of oxidative stress were analyzed using standard biochemical tests.; Results: The trial was performed in 109 healthy subjects and 123 SDAT patients of whom 97 healthy subjects and 104 SDAT patients completed the study. Administration of the test formulation for a period of 12 months was effective in improving cognitive functions in the SDAT patients, when compared to the donepezil-treated group, as determined by the DSS (38.984 ± 3.016 vs 35.852 ± 4.906, P = 0.0001), word recall immediate (3.594 ± 1.003 vs 2.794 ± 0.593, P < 0.0001) and attention span (4.918 ± 1.239 vs 4.396 ± 0.913, P = 0.0208) scores. A significant improvement in the FAQ (11.873 ± 2.751 vs 9.801 ± 1.458, P < 0.0001) and depression (16.387 ± 2.116 vs 21.006 ± 2.778, P < 0.0001) scores was also observed, whereas no significant differences were observed in the MMSE and word recall delayed scores. The level of inflammation and oxidative stress was markedly reduced in the SDAT patients treated with the test formulation when compared to the donepezil-treated group indicating a likely mechanism of action of the test formulation (homocysteine 30.22 ± 3.87 vs 44.73 ± 7.11 nmol/L, P < 0.0001; C-reactive protein [CRP] 4.751 ± 1.149 vs 5.887 ± 1.049 mg/L, P < 0.0001; tumour necrosis factor alpha [TNF–α] 1139.45 ± 198.87 vs 1598.77 ± 298.52 pg/ml, P < 0.0001; superoxide dismutase [SOD] 1145.92 ± 228.75 vs 1296 ± 225.72 U/g Hb, P = 0.0013; glutathione peroxidase [GPx] 20.78 ± 3.14 vs 25.99 ± 4.11 U/g Hb, P < 0.0001; glutathione [GSH] 9.358 ± 2.139 vs 6.831 ± 1.139 U/g Hb, P < 0.0001; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] 131.62 ± 29.68 vs 176.40 ± 68.11 nmol/g Hb, P < 0.0001). Similarly, when healthy elderly subjects treated with the test formulation for 12 months were compared to the placebo group, a significant (P < 0.001) improvement in cognitive measures (MMSE, DSS, word recall delayed but not immediate, attention span, FAQ and depression scores) and a reduction in inflammation (reduction in homocysteine, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels) and oxidative stress levels (reduction in SOD, GPx and TBARS and increase in GSH) was observed. This indicated a protective effect of the test formulation in managing cognitive decline associated with the ageing process.; Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this novel polyherbal formulation for the management and treatment of SDAT. © 2014, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
Quantitative analysis of heavy metals in medicinal plants collected from environmentally diverse locations in India for use in a novel phytopharmaceutical product
(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2015) Ananya Sadhu; Prabhat Upadhyay; Praveen K. Singh; Aruna Agrawal; Kaliappan Ilango; Dipankar Karmakar; Gur Prit Inder Singh; Govind Prasad Dubey
It is important to monitor the quality of the phytopharmaceutical product as its therapeutic potential depends on standardized delivery of active ingredients present in the botanical source. Minimal presence of toxic impurities like heavy metals (HMs) is warranted to ensure product safety and prevent hazardous health impacts. In the present study, conducted as part of the development of a novel phytopharmaceutical product, the chemical profile of 13 heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co, Mo, V, Cr, As, Pb, Hg, and Cd) was studied in the whole plant, fruit, and rhizome of Bacopa monnieri, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Dioscorea bulbifera, respectively, from environmentally diverse regions in India. Most samples had HM profiles within permissible limits as established by regulatory authorities, with the exception of Cd and Hg in low-altitude regions. This study indicates geographical regions in India suitable for procuring raw materials to develop and manufacture phytopharmaceutical products. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.