Browsing by Author "Kalyan Sarma"

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A 5-Year Prospective Study on Incidence and Clinico-pathological Changes Associated with Naturally Occurring Trypanosomosis in Dogs of Mizoram, India
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Kalyan Sarma; Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda; Parimal Roychoudhury; Sonjoy Kumar Borthakur; Vijayakumar Jawalagatti; Hridayesh Prasad; Suvendu Kumar Behera; Neeraj Thakur; Nikitasha Bora; Dhruba Das
Purpose: The present research was taken to study the hospital-based incidence and clinico-pathological changes associated with naturally occurring trypanosomosis in dogs of Mizoram. Methods: A 5-year prospective study on hospital-based incidence and clinico-pathological changes associated with naturally occurring trypanosomosis in dogs of Mizoram was carried out during the study period from April, 2015 to March, 2020. Trypanosoma evansi infection was confirmed by microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Non-infected clinically healthy dogs (n = 6) served as control. Blood samples were collected to study the haemogram and serum samples were used for the evaluation of serum biochemical parameters and oxidant-antioxidant parameters. Results: During the study period, an overall incidence of 0.25% was recorded for trypanosomosis in dogs. The most consistent clinical findings noticed were anorexia/inappetence, pyrexia, depression/lethargy, pale mucous membrane, dehydration and lymphadenomegaly. Anaemia, granulocytopenia, lymphocytosis and thrombocytopenia were the major findings noticed in trypanosomosis affected dogs. The profile of vital organ function revealed that the mean values of total protein, albumin and random blood glucose were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, whereas the mean values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in dogs affected with trypanosomosis. The mean value of lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher, whereas the mean values of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant activity (TAOA) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in trypanosomosis affected dogs. When total erythrocyte count (TEC) was correlated with LPO (r = − 0.631, P < 0.05), a negative correlation was found, while in case of GSH (r = 0.757, P < 0.05), SOD (r = 0.767, P < 0.05) and TAOA (r = 0.713, P < 0.05), it was positively correlated. Conclusion: A negative correlation of TEC count with LPO, while a positive correlation with GSH, SOD and TAOA signify the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of anaemia induced by T. evansi infection in dogs. The present study findings might be helpful to clinicians when treating clinical cases of this kind. Incorporation of organ protective drugs and antioxidants in the treatment schedule may result in better prognosis. © 2021, Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Antioxidant supplementation during treatment of outpatient dogs with parvovirus enteritis ameliorates oxidative stress and attenuates intestinal injury: A randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Gollahalli Eregowda Chethan; Ujjwal Kumar De; Mithilesh Kumar Singh; Vishal Chander; Raguvaran Raja; Babul Rudra Paul; Om Prakash Choudhary; Neeraj Thakur; Kalyan Sarma; Hridayesh Prasad
A prospective randomized controlled clinical study was conducted to determine whether antioxidant supplementation as an adjunct therapy alters hemogram, oxidative stress, serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein-2 (IFABP-2) level, fecal viral load, clinical score (CS) and survivability in outpatient canine parvovirus enteritis (CPVE) dogs. The dogs with CPVE were randomized to one of the five treatment groups: supportive treatment (ST) alone, ST with N-acetylcysteine (ST+NAC), resveratrol (ST+RES), coenzyme Q10 (ST+CoQ10) or ascorbic acid (ST+AA). The primary outcome measures were reduction of CS and fecal HA titre, and enhancement of survivability. Secondary outcome measures were reduction of oxidative stress indices and IFABP-2 level from day 0 to day 7. The mean CS and HA titre were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from day 0 to 7 in ST and all antioxidant groups. The supplementations of NAC, RES and AA along with ST markedly (P < 0.05) reduced the concentrations of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and IFABP-2 on day 7 as compared to ST alone. Additionally, NAC and RES supplementations markedly (P < 0.05) improved the total leukocyte count and neutrophil count in CPVE-affected dogs. NAC and RES could serve as better antioxidants for the amelioration of oxidative stress in CPVE but, the antioxidants did not confer any additional benefits in reduction of CS, fecal HA tire, or survivability when compared with ST alone. © 2023
LEPTOTROMBIDIUM DELIENSE INFESTATION IN DOMESTIC DOGS FROM INDIA, A VECTOR OF SCRUB TYPHUS: A CASE REPORT
(West Bengal Veterinary Alumni Association, 2022) G.E. Chethan; Kalyan Sarma; Nikitasha Bora; H.V. Manjunathachar; Neeraj Thakur; Snehil Gupta; Champak Deka; S.N. Chaithra; Vijayakumar Jawalagatti; J.B. Rajesh; Kuldeep Dhama
Scrub typhus is a vector-borne, zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Several members of the genus Leptotrombidium have gained importance due to their potential role as vectors as well as reservoirs for O. tsutsugamushi. The larvae of Leptotrombidium species are primary parasites of ground-dwelling rodents. However, changes in climate, host specificity makes them to adapt to other animals and play a role in the perpetuation of various (re)- emerging pathogens between animals and humans. Two male mongrel dogs aged six months were presented to the College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Mizoram, India with a history of skin lesions and intense pruritus. Routine skin scraping examination of samples revealed the presence of Leptotrombidium deliense larvae. Considering the public health importance of L. deliense infestation, an attempt was made to screen the dogs for O. tsutsugamushi and other haemoprotozoans. Microscopic and molecular tests were negative for haemoprotozoan parasites and O. tsutsugamushi, respectively. Both the dogs were successfully treated with parenteral ivermectin and topical fipronil spray © 2022. Exploratory Animal and Medical Research. All Rights Reserved.
Naturally occurring Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle: Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors, haemato-biochemical alterations, oxidant/antioxidant status and serum trace mineral levels
(Academic Press, 2022) Dhruba Das; Kalyan Sarma; Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda; Parimal Roychoudhury; Justus Babykutty Rajesh; Parthasarathi Behera; Hridayesh Prasad; Hniang Lalrinkima; Fatema Aktar; Nikitasha Bora; Champak Deka; Neeraj Thakur; Thingujam Chaa Tolenkhomba
The present investigation was undertaken to map the distribution of Anapalsma species infection in cattle from the Aizawl region of Mizoram, India, in relation to various risk factors, and to study the haemato-biochemical alterations, oxidant/antioxidant status and serum trace mineral levels in cattle with naturally occurring Anapalsma marginale infection. The study was carried out over 31 months from June 2019 to December 2021. A total of 401 cattle blood samples were collected and screened for the presence of Anaplasma spp. by microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Non-infected clinically healthy cattle (n = 21) served as control. Blood samples were collected to study the haemogram and serum samples were used for the evaluation of biochemical parameters, oxidative stress indices and trace minerals. During the study period, an overall prevalence of 15.71% was recorded for A. marginale infection in cattle. The prevalence of A. marginale infection was highly associated with age, sex, breed and tick infestation status of animals, floor system and management of farms, and season. The mean values of total erythrocyte count (TEC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total platelet count, total protein, albumin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, whereas the mean values of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cattle infected with A. marginale. A negative correlation of TEC with LPO, and a positive correlation with SOD, GSH, TAC, Cu and Zn suggest a possible link between oxidative stress and the haemolytic crisis noticed in bovine anaplasmosis. Incorporation of antioxidants and organ protective drugs as an adjunct therapy may result in better prognosis. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd