Browsing by Author "Khushaboo Pandey"

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A Critical Review on Clinical Application of Separation Techniques for Selective Recognition of Uracil and 5-Fluorouracil
(Springer India, 2016) Khushaboo Pandey; Rama Shankar Dubey; Bhim Bali Prasad
The most important objectives that are frequently found in bio-analytical chemistry involve applying tools to relevant medical/biological problems and refining these applications. Developing a reliable sample preparation step, for the medical and biological fields is another primary objective in analytical chemistry, in order to extract and isolate the analytes of interest from complex biological matrices. Since, main inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) diagnosable through uracil analysis and the therapeutic monitoring of toxic 5-fluoruracil (an important anti-cancerous drug) in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficient patients, require an ultra-sensitive, reproducible, selective, and accurate analytical techniques for their measurements. Therefore, keeping in view, the diagnostic value of uracil and 5-fluoruracil measurements, this article refines several analytical techniques involved in selective recognition and quantification of uracil and 5-fluoruracil from biological and pharmaceutical samples. The prospective study revealed that implementation of molecularly imprinted polymer as a solid-phase material for sample preparation and preconcentration of uracil and 5-fluoruracil had proven to be effective as it could obviates problems related to tedious separation techniques, owing to protein binding and drastic interferences, from the complex matrices in real samples such as blood plasma, serum samples. © 2015, Association of Clinical Biochemists of India.
Predictive ability of urinary biomarkers for outcome in children with acute kidney injury
(Springer Verlag, 2017) Om P. Mishra; Avinash K. Rai; Pradeep Srivastava; Khushaboo Pandey; Abhishek Abhinay; Rajniti Prasad; Rabindra N Mishra; Franz Schaefer
Background: Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and interleukin 18 (IL-18) were found to be useful for early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI). The objective of this study was to determine the predictive ability of biomarkers for mortality and variation in levels in relation to different stages of AKI, need for dialysis, etiologies, and with duration of hospital stay. Methods: Urinary NGAL, NAG, and IL-18 levels were measured in 50 children with AKI and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. AKI was classified as per pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage (RIFLE) criteria. Results: Median NGAL, NAG, and IL-18 values were significantly increased in AKI patients compared with controls (p < 0.001), with significant increase among risk, injury, and failure stages. Nonsurvivors had significantly higher median levels of NGAL (p = 0.008) and NAG (p = 0.018) than survivors. NGAL had highest area under the curve (AUC) at 0.750 [confidence interval (CI) 0.580–0.920], followed by NAG at 0.724 (CI 0.541–0.907), with sensitivity and specificity of 75 % each; and IL-18 (AUC 0.688, CI 0.511–0.864), with sensitivity 62.5 % and specificity 70.8 %, for predicting mortality. Values were significantly higher in patients who required peritoneal dialysis (PD) than in those in whom it was not indicated. Levels were comparable among different etiologies. Only NGAL level was found to be a significant risk factor associated with longer duration of hospital stay. Conclusions: Urinary NGAL and NAG had modest predictive ability for mortality. Children requiring dialysis had significantly raised levels, and the NGAL level had significant association with duration of hospital stay. © 2016, IPNA.