Browsing by Author "Lokender Kumar"

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Molecular Mechanisms and Applications of N-Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Mediated Quorum Sensing in Bacteria
(MDPI, 2022) Lokender Kumar; Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel; Kusum Kharga; Rajnish Kumar; Pradeep Kumar; Jessica Pandohee; Sourabh Kulshresha; Kusum Harjai; Sanjay Chhibber
Microbial biodiversity includes biotic and abiotic components that support all life forms by adapting to environmental conditions. Climate change, pollution, human activity, and natural calamities affect microbial biodiversity. Microbes have diverse growth conditions, physiology, and metabolism. Bacteria use signaling systems such as quorum sensing (QS) to regulate cellular interactions via small chemical signaling molecules which also help with adaptation under undesirable survival conditions. Proteobacteria use acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) molecules as autoinducers to sense population density and modulate gene expression. The LuxI-type enzymes synthesize AHL molecules, while the LuxR-type proteins (AHL transcriptional regulators) bind to AHLs to regulate QS-dependent gene expression. Diverse AHLs have been identified, and the diversity extends to AHL synthases and AHL receptors. This review comprehensively explains the molecular diversity of AHL signaling components of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chromobacterium violaceum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Escherichia coli. The regulatory mechanism of AHL signaling is also highlighted in this review, which adds to the current understanding of AHL signaling in Gram-negative bacteria. We summarize molecular diversity among well-studied QS systems and recent advances in the role of QS proteins in bacterial cellular signaling pathways. This review describes AHL-dependent QS details in bacteria that can be employed to understand their features, improve environmental adaptation, and develop broad biomolecule-based biotechnological applications. © 2022 by the authors.
Recent advancements in photodynamic therapy and cancer biosensor using natural products
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Akshansh Sharma; Sounok Sengupta; Lokender Kumar; Tarun Upadhyay; Atul Kabra; H. Lalhlenmawia; Deepak Kumar; Jay Singh
Cancer is one of the utmost lethal diseases that disrupts metabolic pathways in a biological system where human cells acquire the transition from normal growth stages to neoplastic growth states, leading to the development of malignant tumours. It continues to be a problem for the world health, requiring constant innovation in prevention, early detection and treatment methods. Cancer biosensors have become potent diagnostic tools that allow for the quick and accurate identification of cancer biomarkers. Additionally, natural products have drawn interest owing to their potential for use in cancer therapy and cancer diagnosis. This review aims to highlight the applicability of plant-based, marine-based and microbe-based biosensors. Combining these biosensors with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), a non-invasive therapeutic approach, offers a lot of potential for targeted cancer therapy. This review also elaborates on the value of natural materials as sources of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and demonstrates their advantages such as, raised selectivity, fewer adverse reactions, and better therapeutic results. Moreover, the combination of photodynamic therapy using natural products with cancer biosensors provides a cutting-edge strategy in oncology. The care of cancer may be revolutionised as research advances by addressing problems and improving these methods, opening the door for more efficient, patient-specific interventions. © 2023