Browsing by Author "Lovkush Satnami"

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Detection and Diagnosis of Important Soil-Borne Diseases: An Overview
(Springer, 2022) Md Mahtab Rashid; Gagan Kumar; Saroj Belbase; Jiwan Paudel; Basavraj Teli; Raina Bajpai; Dhuni Lal Yadav; Lovkush Satnami; Dawa Dolma Bhutia; Shrvan Kumar; Ankita Sarkar
Soil borne pathogens are major group of phytopathogen causing numerous soil-borne diseases. Due to their persistent behaviour, huge losses in yield have been reported. Thus, to build an effective and precise management approach, these soil-borne diseases must be detected early, quickly, and accurately. The most common methods for identifying plant diseases in the past were basically based on morphological approaches and such approaches are highly time-consuming and lab or intensive. Molecular detection techniques could address these issues with greater precision and dependability. Collection of information regarding pathogen presence through molecular approach assist in taking timely decisions for early-stage treatments and pre-plant evaluation of the fields. Nowadays, polymerase chain reaction along with high-throughput sequencing methods provides a best window to check the soil health status, in which specific conserved region present in the microbes (16s and ITS) are amplified and sequenced. However, the effect of environmental condition on dynamics of phytopathogens could be exploited to develop prediction model, which allow anticipating the attack of soil borne pathogen prior to disease establishment. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. as a plant growth promoter and antagonist of major pulse pathogens
(Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development (ISPRD), 2023) Mantasha Arif; Vipin Verma; Aishwarya Priyadarshini; Lovkush Satnami; Aalok Mishra; Mariya Ansari; Anirudha Chattopadhyay; Dawa Dolma Bhutia; Ankita Sarkar
Trichoderma spp. is mostly used for the management of soil-borne diseases and some foliage and fruit diseases in a variety of crop plants. It can help the environment by reducing agrochemical pollution, promoting plant growth, and enhancing plant resistance in addition to preventing plant diseases. Trichoderma spp. also functions as a secure, affordable, efficient, and environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for several crop species. In the present study, we obtained different Trichoderma isolates from rhizospheric soil samples of different locations and tested them for their antagonistic activity against major pulse pathogens. Among seven isolates, three isolates, viz., Pipal TH-2, ATH-Kashipur, and Mz/AP-2 were found to be highly effective by inhibiting the growth of Fusarium udum (64.04 to 78.65%), Fusarium ciceris (77.77 to 82.12%), Sclerotium rolfsii (59.09 to 69.30%), Macrophomina phaseolina (52.42 to 62.72%) and Alternaria alternata (80.12 to 83.22%). These isolates were also tested for growth-promoting traits (PGPR) in the present study and isolates having both plant growth-promoting ability and biocontrol potentiality were selected and preserved for further studies. These isolates of Trichoderma spp. would be a crucial partner for achieving the Green Earth goal due to their contribution to the sustainable growth of agriculture. © 2023 Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development (ISPRD). All rights reserved.
Metabolic reprogramming of tomato plants under Ralstonia solanacearum infection
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Raman Ramesh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; R. Gangaraj; Lovkush Satnami; Ratna Prabha; Renu; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Nagendra Pal Rai
Comprehensive metabolomic investigation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar Hawaii 7998 and variety Kashi Adarsh was performed to establish metabolic basis of resistance and susceptibility against bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Using LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics, leaf samples were analyzed at 5 and 10-day post-inoculation, revealing significant metabolic distinctions between the plants. The resistant cultivar Hawaii 7998 demonstrated remarkably lower disease incidence (15.19%) compared to the susceptible variety (86.81%) underpinned by distinct metabolic profiles. Our analysis annotated metabolites across different treatment groups, with significant differential regulation in pathways related to phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and primary metabolism. Hawaii 7998 exhibited higher constitutive levels of defense-related compounds and mounted more robust metabolic responses against the pathogen. The resistant cultivar Hawaii 7998 under non-treated condition showed enhanced accumulation of total phenolic content (32.81 and 35.17 mg GAE g-1 at 5 and 10DAI respectively) compared to susceptible plants. High antioxidant activities in terms of DPPH (43.52 and 47.19% in non-inoculated and 56.74 and 66.75% in pathogen inoculated condition at 5 and 10DAI respectively) and ABTS (44.36 and 48.06% in control and 58.24 and 64.05% in treated plants) were observed in Hawaii 7998, which was significantly high as compared to Kashi Adarsh. Network analysis showed complex interactions between metabolic pathways, highlighting key regulatory nodes in disease resistance, including carotenoid biosynthesis, trehalose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid pathways. Annotation of biomarker metabolites that included solasodine, biotin, uridine, phosphatidylcholine, asparagine, coumaryl alcohol and linolenic acid revealed cultivar-specific and pathogen interaction specific biomarkers in tomato. These findings are particularly significant in the uncovering the molecular mechanisms of plant-pathogen interaction and offer crucial insights for developing bacterial wilt-resistant tomato varieties, thereby contributing to food security. © 2025
Metabolomics Unveiled Metabolic Reprogramming in Tomato Due to Beneficial (Bacillus subtilis) and Pathogenic (Alternaria solani) Tripartite Interaction
(Springer, 2025) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Lovkush Satnami; Nagendra Pal Rai; Ratna Prabha; Renu; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Tusar Kanti Behera
The interaction between beneficial microbes and pathogens in crop plants can lead to complex metabolic reprogramming. Our study employed LC–MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach to elucidate the metabolic changes in tomato plants induced due to the inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis (BV4) and the pathogen Alternaria solani. Multivariate analyses (MVA) revealed distinct metabolic signatures associated with BV4 inoculation, pathogen infection, and their combined treatment. We observed that plant’s inoculation with beneficial microbe BV4 induced up-regulation of metabolites involved in constitutive metabolism, like glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, potentially supporting plant growth. Pathogen infection majorly triggered up-regulation of specialized metabolites, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and oxylipins, suggesting enhanced defense responses. The combined treatment however, exhibited a synergistic effect, with up-regulation of metabolites involved in both constitutive and specialized metabolism, suggesting a primed state for defense responses. Galactose metabolism emerged as the most enriched pathway across all treatments indicating its importance in plant defense through cell wall reinforcement, signaling and antimicrobial specialized metabolite production. ROC-based biomarker analysis putatively identified metabolites, including quercetin, salvigenin, delfinidin-3-O-glucoside, and asparagine, as potential biomarkers for distinguishing various treatment conditions. This study provides insights into the metabolic reprogramming in tomato plants in response to beneficial microbe-pathogen interactions and highlights the potential of untargeted metabolomics in elucidating complex plant-microbe interactions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Metabolomics Unveiled Metabolic Reprogramming in Tomato Due to Beneficial (Bacillus subtilis) and Pathogenic (Alternaria solani) Tripartite Interaction
(Springer, 2024) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Lovkush Satnami; Nagendra Rai; Ratna Prabha; Renu; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Tusar Kanti Behera
The interaction between beneficial microbes and pathogens in crop plants can lead to complex metabolic reprogramming. Our study employed LC–MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach to elucidate the metabolic changes in tomato plants induced due to the inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis (BV4) and the pathogen Alternaria solani. Multivariate analyses (MVA) revealed distinct metabolic signatures associated with BV4 inoculation, pathogen infection, and their combined treatment. We observed that plant’s inoculation with beneficial microbe BV4 induced up-regulation of metabolites involved in constitutive metabolism, like glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, potentially supporting plant growth. Pathogen infection majorly triggered up-regulation of specialized metabolites, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and oxylipins, suggesting enhanced defense responses. The combined treatment however, exhibited a synergistic effect, with up-regulation of metabolites involved in both constitutive and specialized metabolism, suggesting a primed state for defense responses. Galactose metabolism emerged as the most enriched pathway across all treatments indicating its importance in plant defense through cell wall reinforcement, signaling and antimicrobial specialized metabolite production. ROC-based biomarker analysis putatively identified metabolites, including quercetin, salvigenin, delfinidin-3-O-glucoside, and asparagine, as potential biomarkers for distinguishing various treatment conditions. This study provides insights into the metabolic reprogramming in tomato plants in response to beneficial microbe-pathogen interactions and highlights the potential of untargeted metabolomics in elucidating complex plant-microbe interactions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Microbial Exudates as Biostimulants: Role in Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Mitigation
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Mariya Ansari; B. Megala Devi; Ankita Sarkar; Anirudha Chattopadhyay; Lovkush Satnami; Pooraniammal Balu; Manoj Choudhary; Muhammad Adnan Shahid; A. Abdul Kader Jailani
Microbes hold immense potential, based on the fact that they are widely acknowledged for their role in mitigating the detrimental impacts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which were extensively employed during the Green Revolution era. The consequence of this extensive use has been the degradation of agricultural land, soil health and fertility deterioration, and a decline in crop quality. Despite the existence of environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives, microbial bioinoculants encounter numerous challenges in real-world agricultural settings. These challenges include harsh environmental conditions like unfavorable soil pH, temperature extremes, and nutrient imbalances, as well as stiff competition with native microbial species and host plant specificity. Moreover, obstacles spanning from large-scale production to commercialization persist. Therefore, substantial efforts are underway to identify superior solutions that can foster a sustainable and eco-conscious agricultural system. In this context, attention has shifted towards the utilization of cell-free microbial exudates as opposed to traditional microbial inoculants. Microbial exudates refer to the diverse array of cellular metabolites secreted by microbial cells. These metabolites enclose a wide range of chemical compounds, including sugars, organic acids, amino acids, peptides, siderophores, volatiles, and more. The composition and function of these compounds in exudates can vary considerably, depending on the specific microbial strains and prevailing environmental conditions. Remarkably, they possess the capability to modulate and influence various plant physiological processes, thereby inducing tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, these exudates facilitate plant growth and aid in the remediation of environmental pollutants such as chemicals and heavy metals in agroecosystems. Much like live microbes, when applied, these exudates actively participate in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, engaging in continuous interactions with plants and plant-associated microbes. Consequently, they play a pivotal role in reshaping the microbiome. The biostimulant properties exhibited by these exudates position them as promising biological components for fostering cleaner and more sustainable agricultural systems. © 2023 by the authors.
Roots of resistance: Unraveling microbiome-driven plant immunity
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Lovkush Satnami; Renu; Ratna Prabha; Birinchi K. Sarma; Nagendra Rai
The intricate interplay between microbiome and plant immunity represents a frontier in plant biology with significant implications for agriculture and ecosystem management. This review explores intricate relationship between plant immunity and the microbiome, highlighting its significance in addressing current agricultural and environmental challenges. The plant immune system, comprising pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), plays crucial role in shaping microbial communities in the rhizosphere. Phytohormones such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene are the key modulators of plant defenses and contribute to rhizosphere microbiome composition. The concept of defense priming and plant immune memory emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing crop resilience against phytopathogens and environmental stresses. Root exudates and plant defense signatures actively influence rhizosphere microbiome structure, establishing a bidirectional relationship between plants and their microbial partners. This interaction is particularly relevant in the context of climate change, where plants face increasing biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding and leveraging these complex interactions holds promise for developing more sustainable agricultural practices, reducing reliance on chemical inputs, and ensuring food security in the face of global challenges. We have stressed upon the importance of viewing the plant-soil-microbiome system as an integrated unit or holobiont. As agriculture grapples with the challenges of feeding a growing population under changing environmental conditions, harnessing the power of plant-microbiome interactions presents a promising strategy for improving food security and promoting ecosystem health. © 2024 The Author(s)