Browsing by Author "M.K. Yadav"

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Assessment of climate change impact on different pigeonpea maturity groups in north Indian condition
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2021) M.K. Yadav; C. Patel; R.S. Singh; K.K. Singh; R. Balasubramanian; R.K. Mall; M.K. Singh; S.M. Singh; S.K. Yadav
The CROPGRO-pigeonpea model embedded in DSSAT v4.7.5 was used to assess the impact of climate change on phenology and grain yield of reference genotype of different pigeonpea maturity groups. The impact of climate change delayed reproductive stages (anthesis, maturity) and decreased grain yield of reference genotype of different pigeonpea maturity groups were evident in all scenarios. Short duration genotypes (MN5, ICPL88039, Prabhat, UPAS120) showed progressively higher decrease in yield as compared to medium (Maruti, Asha, ICP7035) and long (Bahar, MAL13) duration genotypes with each successive increase in scenatio from RCP2.6 to RCP8.5 and projected year from 2010 to 2095. Anthesis was delayed 9 days in MN5 to 20 days in Bahar and maturity delayed 15 days in MN5 to 24 days in Bahar with RCP 8.5 in year 2095 in comparison to RCP2.6 in years 2010, whereas, grain yield was decreased 14% in Bahar to 66% in MN5 among genotypes of different maturity groups. © 2021, Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Assessment of climate change impact on productivity of different cereal crops in Varanasi, India
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2015) M.K. Yadav; R.S. Singh; K.K. Singh; R.K. Mall; C.B. Patel; S.K. Yadav; M.K. Singh
Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT v4.5) Cropping System Model (CSM) was used to study the impact of climate change and variability on productivity of different kharif (rice, maize, jowar and bajra) and rabi crops (wheat and barley) at Varanasi. Keeping in view the observed trends in climate variability, productivity of different kharif and rabi crops were simulated under plausible synthetic climatic scenarios of changes in temperature, solar radiation and carbon dioxide. Productivity of kharif crops viz. rice, maize, jowar and bajra and rabi crops viz. wheat, and barley decreased with an increase in temperature or a decrease in solar radiation above normal. However, productivity of different kharif and rabi crops increased under expected enhanced CO2 concentrations. Highest productivity decreased in barley crop (40.7%) of rabi season and minimum in rice crop (5%) of kharif season with an increase of 3.0 0C in temperature from normal. Whereas, maximum productivity decreased in barley crop (5.0%) of rabi season and minimum in jowar crop (1.8%) of kharif season with a decrease of 2.5 per cent in solar radiation from normal. Highest productivity increase in barley crop (58.2%) of rabi season and lowest in jowar crop (4.2%) of kharif season were simulated under expected enhanced CO2 concentration of 660 ppm. The maximum decrease in productivity of barley crop (45%) in rabi season and minimum in rice crop (7%) in kharif season were simulated when a decrease in temperature by 30C and solar radiation by 2.5 percent from normal. Highest counter-balance on productivity of rice crop (13%) in kharif season and lowest in barja crop (-23%) of kharif season were simulated when an increase in temperature by 30C from normal under expected enhanced CO2 concentration of 660 ppm. © 2015, Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Assessment of climate change impact on pulse, oilseed and vegetable crops at Varanasi, India
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2016) M.K. Yadav; R.S. Singh; K.K. Singh; R.K. Mall; Chandrabhan Patel; S.K. Yadav; M.K. Singh
Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT v4.6.1) was used to study the impact of climate change and variability on productivity of different monsoon (pigeonpea and groundnut) and winter season crops (chickpea, mustard, tomato and potato) at Varanasi. Keeping in view the observed trends in climate variability, productivity of different cash crops were simulated under plausible synthetic climatic scenarios of changes in temperature and carbon dioxide. Productivity of pigeonpea and groundnut in monsoon season and mustard, tomato and potato in winter season decreased with an increase in temperature. Productivity of different pulse, oilseed and vegetable crops increased under expected enhanced CO2 concentrations. Highest productivity decreased in pigeonpea crop (96.0%) in monsoon season and minimum in tomato crop (4.0%) in winter season with an increase of 3.0 °C in temperature above normal. Highest productivity increase in mustard crop (164.0%) in winter season and lowest in pigeonpea crop (33.0%) in monsoon season were simulated under projected enhanced CO2 concentration of 760 ppm. Highest counter-balance in productivity of mustard crop (150%) followed by tomato crop (81%) during winter season and lowest in pigeonpea crop (99%) during monsoon season were simulated when an increase in temperature by 3.0 °C above normal under projected enhanced CO2 concentration of 760 ppm. © 2016, Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Assessment of climate change impact on wheat crop using MarkSim GCM in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2018) C. Patel; A.K. Nema; R.S. Singh; M.K. Yadav; K.K. Singh; S.K. Singh; P.K. Rai; S.M. Singh
GFLD-CM3 model was used to generate weather data under RCPs scenario i.e. RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5 for years 2010, 2035, 2065 and 2095 for Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The generated data were used to assess the impact of climate change on phenology and yield of wheat crop using CERES-Wheat model. The results revealed that the impact climate change hastened reproductive stages (anthesis, maturity) and decreased yield in all scenarios. The impact was highest under RCP 8.5. Days to antheis and days to maturity were proj ected to reduce by 22 days and 24 days, respectively in 2095 whereas, grain yield decreased by 61.0 per cent. © 2018, Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Biodiversity of edible mushrooms in Vindhya forest of northern India
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2016) M.K. Yadav; Ram Chandra; P.K. Dhakad
Various fleshy fungi are traditional food use which were collected from Vindhya forest region and other location for their morphological characterization. Present study deals with the diversity of fleshy fungi in Vindhya forest of northern India. Vindhya forest region is very common for diversity of fleshy fungal population. Extensive surveys were conducted from July 2012 to September 2012 and July 2013 to September 2013. The fleshy fungi were collected date wise as per as possible correct scientific name with citation of authors name and taxonomic position. Some other information also recorded such as collecting date and place, habit, single/ branching and growing substrates. The fleshy fungi were collected during this study included eight species of Pleurotus, two species of Volvariella, Lentinus, Lycoperdon and Agaricus and one species of Cococybe, Calocybe, Flammulina, Tricholoma, Auricularia, Hypomyces, Armillaria, Russula and Ganoderma. © 2016, Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Calibration and validation study of sugarcane (DSSAT-CANEGRO V4.6.1) model over north indian region
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2016) A.H. Bhengra; M.K. Yadav; Chandrabhan Patel; P.K. Singh; K.K. Singh; R.S. Singh
The DSSAT CANEGRO model was calibrated and validated using field experimental data (1997- 2013) from four locations of north Indian region. The genetic coefficients for 10 cultivars of sugarcane were estimated.R2 obtained between measured and simulated stalk yield was 0.69 with the nRMSE (7.50%) and D-index (0.91) and R2 between measured and simulated sucrose mass was 0.57 with the nRMSE (11.75%) and D-index (0.85). The model underestimated both the stalk fresh mass as well as sucrose mass by 2 and 6 per cent only, respectively. Hence,the CANEGRO model can be used to simulate the phenology and yield attributes of sugarcane cultivars of north India particularly of Uttar Pradesh region. The model can also be used to evaluate and improve the present practices of sugarcane crop management to obtain increased cane production and sugar recovery. © Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Comparative evaluation of locally available casing materials for quantitative and qualitative effect on two strains of agaricus bisporus (Lange)
(Connect Journal, 2017) M.K. Yadav; Ram Chandra; S.K. Yadav; P.K. Dhakad; A.K. Srivastava; P.K. Dwivedi; Sushreeta Naik
Casing materials are important practice for enhancement of quantitative and qualitative production of white button mushroom [Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing]. This investigation was done to study the effects of seven different casing materials such as Soil+ Cotton wastes (2:1), Soil+ Cotton wastes + Jute Coirpith (1:1:1), Jute Coirpit + Soil (1:1), Jute Coirpith + Soil + Sand (1:1:1), Vermi-compost+ Sand + Cotton wastes + Soil (1:1:1:1), Vermi-compost+ Saw dust+ Cotton wastes + Soil (1:1:1:1) and Vermi-compost+ Cotton wastes + Soil (1:1:1) on production and harvest quality of two strains S-1 and S-2 of A. bisporus. Result was found significantly differences in yield potential and growth behavior of mushroom due to type of casing materials. The Jute Coirpith + Soil (1:1) was gave better yield potential and growth behavior in both strains. The Soil+ Cotton wastes + Jute Coirpit (1:1:1) and Jute Coirpit + Soil + Sand (1:1:1) were good for same. Lowest yield and poor quality were obtained from Vermi-compost+ Cotton wastes + Soil (1:1:1) and Vermi-compost+ Saw dust+ Cotton wastes + Soil (1:1:1:1). Finally higher yield with fruit body quality of A. bisporus may be achieved by application of suitable casing materials. This investigation will help to farmers for selection and better utilization of locally available casing materials for obtaining higher yield of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus).
Effect of culture media, pH and temperature on mycelial growth of Agaricus bisporus strains
(Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2014) M.K. Yadav; Ram Chandra
The several fungi are edible mushrooms and are saprophytic basidiomycetes, which have been successfully cultivated at commercial level worldwide using lignocellulose wastes as substrates for their cultivation. In the present investigation that were the studies of effect of different culture media, pH and temperature on mycelia growth of strains (S-79, A-15 and Delta) of A. bisporus. Five culture media were tested for the radial growth and measured the mycelia growth on PDA of three strains S-79, A-15 and Delta were obtained fast and full growth (9 cm) completed in 8, 10 and 12 days respectively. The effect of different pH were tested for the radial growth and measured the mycelial growth on 9 pH of all three strains S-79, A-15 and Delta were obtained fast and full growth (9 cm) completed in 12, 12 and 14 days respectively. The growth of mycelial in 8pH was good performance in all strains of A. bisporus followed by 7 pH. Mycelial growth was much slow on 6 pH and full growth completed in 18 days. The effect of different temperature was evaluated on mycelia growth of strains of A. bisporus. Mycelial growth of all three strains on 25°C was obtained fast and full growth (9 cm) completed in 8, 10 and 14 days respectively, followed by growth of mycelial at 20°C and 30°C were similar performance in all strains of A. bisporus and the mycelial growth was much slow on 15°C and full growth completed in 18 days.
Effect of date and level of earthing and nitrogen on productivity and nutrient availability in soils of ratoon sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
(2011) C.M. Dev; R.K. Singh; Gaurav Mahajan; M.K. Yadav; U.S. Ram
A field experiment was carried out during the spring seasons of 2008-09 and 2009-10 at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh to find out the exact time and the height of earthing up and optimum dose of nitrogen for getting higher productivity, monetary returns, and changes in the fertility status of soils for ratoon sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) at Varanasi. Earthing up on 25th April up to 20 cm height with 210 kg N/ha gave the highest cane yield, net returns and B:C ratio.
Effect of nitrogen levels and weed management practices on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa) intercropping system under ridge-furrow planting system
(2009) M.K. Yadav; R.S. Singh
A field experiment was conducted during 2004-05 and 2005-06 at Varanasi to find out the effect of nitrogen levels (0 and 25 kg N/ha for pigeonpea and 50,75 and 100 kg N/ha for rice) and weed management practices(weedy check, pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha, pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing and 2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing) on growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] and rice (Oryza sativa L.), pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter and nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns. Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns. Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to rice did not show any significant effect on growth, yield attributes and yields of pigeonpea as well as pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, whereas growth, yield attributes and yields of rice significantly increased up to 75 kg N/ha. Weed numbers, weed dry matter, nitrogen removal by weeds increased with increasing N levels up to 100 N/ha in rice. Among weed management practices, 2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing found at par with pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing in respect of growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpea. Significantly higher values of growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield were recorded with 2 hand weedings than other weed management practices. In respect to growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield; next weed management practice in order of superiority was pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing which gave significantly higher net returns among all weed management practices.
Effect of organic nitrogen sources on yield quality and nutrient uptake of rice (Oryza sativa) under different cropping system
(2013) S.K. Yadav; Yogeshwar Singh; R.P. Kumar; M.K. Yadav; Kalyan Singh
A field experiment was conducted during 2005-06 and 2006-07 to study the effect of organic nitrogen sources on yield, quality and nutrient uptake of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different cropping systems. Among the cropping system, rice-potato-onion gave the highest rice grain equivalent yield (355.7 q ha-1) and maximum net return (Rs.268656 ha-1). However the organic nitrogen nutrition (1/3FYM +1/3poultry manure + 1/3vermicompost) with bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB) had the highest rice grain equivalent yield (353.1 q ha-1) net monetary return (Rs.292454 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.07). The application of organic manure alone or along with biofertilizers inoculation significantly improved the quality parameters, nutrient uptake and fertility status of soil over control. Organic nutrition treatments i.e. (1/3FYM +1/3poultry manure + 1/3vermicompost) with bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB) and also without bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB) significantly improved availability of major (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), and secondary (sulphur) nutrients over control under the study and the maximum gain of major (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and secondary (sulphur) nutrients was associated with the application of organic matter (1/3FYM +1/3poultry manure + 1/3 vermicompost) along with bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB).
Effect of organic nitrogen sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping sequence
(2013) S.K. Yadav; Yogeshwar Singh; M.K. Yadav; Subhash Babu; Kalyan Singh
A two year of field experimentation was carried out at Varanasi from 2005-07 to study the effect of organic nitrogen sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping sequence. The soil was sandy clay loam in the texture with pH 7.4, moderately fertile, being low in organic carbon (0.50%), available nitrogen (185.5 kg/ha). The experiment on rice based cropping sequences with 3 organic N nutrition treatments was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Seven rice based cropping sequences [rice-potato-onion; rice-green pea-onion; rice-potatocowpea (green pod); rice-green pea-cowpea (green pod); rice-rajmash (green pod)-onion; rice-rajmash (green pod)-cowpea (green pod) and rice-maize (green cob)-cowpea (vegetable)] were assigned to main plots and three treatments comprising nitrogen application (control; organic manure; organic manure + bio-fertilizer) were allocated to sub plots. The system productivity was the highest (355.73 q/ha) with rice-potato-onion cropping sequence under investigation. Among the manurial treatment, organic nitrogen nutrition with biofertilizers had the highest rice grain equivalent yield (353.08 q/ha) and net monetary return (292 454). The application of organic manure alone or along with biofertilizers inoculation significantly improved the N, P, K and S uptake by cropping sequence over control. However maximum improvement in soil health related to soil organic carbon, available nutrient status, soil micro-organism population were observed in organic nitrogen sources alone or along with biofertilizers.
Effect of organic nutrient sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil biological properties of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping sequence
(2013) S.K. Yadav; Subhash Babu; Yogeshwar Singh; M.K. Yadav; G.S. Yadav; Suresh Pal; Raghavendra Singh; Kalyan Singh
A field experiment was carried out at Varanasi for two years (2005-2007) to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) based cropping sequence. Seven rice-based cropping sequences viz. rice-potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)-onion (Allium cepa L); rice-green pea (Pisum sativum var. hortense)-onion; rice-potato-cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis); rice-green pea-cowpea; rice-rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-onion; rice-rajmash-cowpea and rice-maize (Zea mays L.)-cowpea were assigned to main plots and three treatments of nitrogen application viz. control; organic manure; organic manure + biofertilizer were allotted to sub plots. Highest rice equivalent yield (35.57 t/ha), monetary net returns (268.7×103/ha), production efficiency (96.81 and 98.11 kg/ha/day) and irrigation efficiency (504.8 and 511.6 kg/ha-cm) were found under rice-potato-onion cropping sequence. Among the organic treatments, the highest rice equivalent yield (35.3 t/ha), production efficiency (95.7 and 97.8 kg/ha/day), irrigation efficiency (515.7 and 527.4 kg/ha-cm) and soil biological indictors like dehydrogenase activities, urease activities, soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen were obtained under organic nutrient management combined with biofertilizers.
Evaluation of DSSAT-CERES model for irrigation scheduling of wheat crop in varanasi region of Uttar Pradesh
(Association of Agrometeorologists, 2017) Chandrabhan Patel; A.K. Nema; R.S. Singh; M.K. Yadav; S.K. Singh; Shiv Mangal Singh
The DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model (V-4.6) was calibrated and validated using field experiment data (2008-2014) collected on phenology, yield and yield attributes of four cultivars (HUW 234, Kundan, HUW 510 and PBW 373) of wheat for Varanasi. The simulated yields were very close to observed grain yield as evident from R2 of 0.96 with nRMSE (4.92%) and D-index (0.99). The simulated phenological events and yield attributes of wheat cultivars were also in good agreement. Therefore, the model was used for evaluation of irrigation scheduling in wheat crop. The results revealed that the model performance was good under three, four and five irrigation scheduling while poor performance was observed under two and one irrigation treatments. © 2017, Association of Agrometeorologists. All rights reserved.
Genome wide in silico characterization of Dof gene families of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.)
(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2015) N. Malviya; S. Gupta; V.K. Singh; M.K. Yadav; N.C. Bisht; B.K. Sarangi; D. Yadav
The DNA binding with One Finger (Dof) protein is a plant specific transcription factor involved in the regulation of wide range of processes. The analysis of whole genome sequence of pigeonpea has identified 38 putative Dof genes (CcDof) distributed on 8 chromosomes. A total of 17 out of 38 CcDof genes were found to be intronless. A comprehensive in silico characterization of CcDof gene family including the gene structure, chromosome location, protein motif, phylogeny, gene duplication and functional divergence has been attempted. The phylogenetic analysis resulted in 3 major clusters with closely related members in phylogenetic tree revealed common motif distribution. The in silico cis-regulatory element analysis revealed functional diversity with predominance of light responsive and stress responsive elements indicating the possibility of these CcDof genes to be associated with photoperiodic control and biotic and abiotic stress. The duplication pattern showed that tandem duplication is predominant over segmental duplication events. The comparative phylogenetic analysis of these Dof proteins along with 78 soybean, 36 Arabidopsis and 30 rice Dof proteins revealed 7 major clusters. Several groups of orthologs and paralogs were identified based on phylogenetic tree constructed. Our study provides useful information for functional characterization of CcDof genes. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
Geochronology and oxygen fugacity of the pelitic granulite from the Diwani hills, NE Gujarat (NW India)
(Cambridge University Press, 2023) Manish Kumar; D. Prakash; C.K. Singh; M.K. Yadav; S. Tewari; Pradip K. Singh; B. Mahanta
The Diwani hills are located SE of Balaram-Abu Road in the Banaskantha district of north Gujarat. The crystalline rocks of the Diwani hill area are a diverse assemblage of Precambrian metamorphic and igneous rocks. These rocks are petrologically more complex and date back to the Aravallis or earlier. The mineralogical assemblages such as grt-sp-opx-qz of these rocks indicate their origin in anhydrous or dry conditions, implying metamorphism under pyroxene granulite facies. These granulitic rocks were subjected to Delhi orogenic deformation and were later intruded by the Erinpura granite. Textural and microstructural relationships, mineral chemistry, P-T-X pseudosection modelling and the oxidation state of pelitic granulites from the Diwani hill area of north Gujarat are all part of the current approach. The winTWQ program and pseudosection modelling in the NCKFMASHTO model system utilizing Perple_X software were used to restrict the P-T evolution of these pelitic granulites. The unification of these estimates shows that the pelitic granulites reached their pressure and temperature maxima at 8.6 kbar and 770 °C, respectively. The oxygen fugacity (log fO2) versus temperature computations at 6.2 kbar revealed log fO2-T values of -13.0 and 765 °C, respectively. The electron microprobe dating of monazite grains separated from the granulites of the Diwani hills yields ages ranging from 769 Ma to 855 Ma. The electron microprobe dating presented here from the Diwani hills provides evidence for a Neoproterozoic (Tonian) metamorphic event in the Aravalli-Delhi Mobile Belt. © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press.
Geochronology and phase equilibria modelling of ultra-high temperature sapphirine + quartz-bearing granulite at Usilampatti, Madurai Block, Southern India
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2018) D. Prakash; R. Yadav; S. Tewari; H.E. Frimmel; N. Koglin; H.K. Sachan; M.K. Yadav
Sapphirine-bearing granulite from Usilampatti in the Madurai block of southern India preserves a variety of mineral textures and reactions that help in reconstructing a three-stage metamorphic evolution. Corroded biotite, sillimanite and quartz inclusions within garnet represent relics from the prograde history. Peak metamorphic conditions were attained with the development of sapphirine + quartz in textural equilibrium (Stage 1). This was followed by nearly isothermal decompression, leading to the formation of sapphirine + cordierite at Stage 2. Subsequent retrograde hydration (Stage 3) is only locally evident. Using the Perple_X software and the model system NCKFMASH, the peak P-T conditions were estimated from core compositions, and the retrograde evolution was deduced from rim or symplectite compositions of different minerals as computed by isopleths of XMg garnet, XCa garnet, XMg orthopyroxene, XMg sapphirine and XMg biotite. The P-T conditions for Stage 1 thus obtained, and supported by thermodynamic modelling using the winTWQ programme, is approximately 9 kbar and 940°C. Stage 2 conditions were constrained as 6.7 kbar and 900°C. Dating of zircon and monazite in the sapphirine-bearing granulite and associated gneisses by the U-Pb method using LA-ICP-MS indicates metamorphic overprint of zircon (lower intercept ages of discordant data arrays) at 546 ± 8 and 547 ± 11 Ma and metamorphic growth of monazite between 542 ± 3 and 551 ± 2 Ma. Upper intercept ages for zircon point to zircon growth at approximately 2514 ± 66 Ma. Although it remains unclear whether the metamorphic age data refer to Stage 1 or Stage 2 or, most likely, a continuum between both, they clearly document a late Ediacaran age for ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism in the area, which, based on the obtained P-T path, was most likely the result of crustal thickening followed by uplift and erosion. Thus, it is concluded that the sapphirine-bearing granulites formed in response to Pan-African orogeny that led to the collision of the western and eastern Madurai domains, whereas initial zircon growth probably took place during late Neoarchaean arc magmatism that formed much of the western domain. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated nutrient management for higher yield, quality and profitability of baby corn (Zea mays)
(2010) M.K. Singh; R.N. Singh; S.P. Singh; M.K. Yadav; V.K. Singh
Field experiments were carried out on sandy loam soil at Varanasi during pre-kharif season of 2004 and 2005 to evaluate appropriate fertility levels and N sources for baby corn (Zea mays L). Experiment was laid out in split-plot design and replicated thrice with three fertility viz. F1, 60 + 12.9 + 24.9; F2, 120 + 25.8 + 49.8, and F3, 180 + 38.7 + 74.7 kg N+P+K/ha in main plots and three N sources viz. 100% N by fertilizer, 75% fertilizer N + 25% N by FYM and 50% fertilizer N + 50% N by FYM as sub plots. Significant increase in baby corn and green fodder yield and quality parameters (carbohydrate, sugar, starch, protein, N, P and K content and uptake) in baby corn were recorded with application of 120 + 25.8 + 49.8 over 60 + 12.9 + 24.9 kg N+P+K/ha. However, net returns increased significantly with each successive increase in fertility level upto highest fertility levels i.e. 180 + 38.7 + 74.7 kg N+P+K/ha. Application of N through fertilizer alone recorded significantly higher baby corn yield (2.30 t/ha mean) and net returns (Rs. 1,10,983/ha) over 50% fertilizer N + 50% N through FYM. Available N, P and K in the soil after baby corn harvest were highest with 180 + 38.7 + 74.7 kg N+P+K/ha and 50% N supplied through FYM.
New Occurrence of Sapphirine-spinel-bearing Granulite from NW of Chilka Lake, Eastern Ghats Belt, Odisha
(Geological Society of India, 2019) D. Prakash; B. Vishal; A.S. Naik; R. Yadav; S.K. Rai; S. Tewari; M.K. Yadav; S. Tiwari; S. Dash; C. Pattnaik
A new locality of sapphirine-spinel-bearing granulites from the Kaithapalli area which lies NW of Chilka Lake, Odisha is reported. The area tectonically forms a northern part of Eastern Ghats belt. It occurs as small enclaves within the khondalite and pelitic granulite. The mineral assemblage includes spinel-sapphirine-garnet-cordierite-orthopyroxene-sillimanite-biotite-k-feldspar-plagioclase-quartz. Development of reaction textures and symplectites are common in the sapphirine-spinel granulites which have been used to describe reaction history. The relative XMg values among various minerals are as follows: cordierite > biotite > sapphirine > orthopyroxene > garnet > spinel. The P-T evolution of these sapphirine-spinel granulites constrained through the pseudosection modelling in the NCKFMASH model system using Perple_X software indicate conditions of ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism. The P-T estimates computed by isopleths define a retrograde trajectory with decompression of c.2.5 kbar from P-Tmax of c.10.5 kbar at c.950 o_C. The sequence of reactions as deduced from the symplectite assemblages, together with pseudosection modelling, from the Kaithapalli area, offer greater opportunities for providing a better picture of petrological evolution of northern part of the Eastern Ghats Belt (EGB). © 2019, Geological Society of India.
Occurrence of kornerupine-bearing granulite from Kunjan locality, Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India
(Indian Academy of Sciences, 2021) D. Prakash; C.K. Singh; R.S. Kumar; R. Yadav; S.K. Rai; M.K. Yadav; Pradip K. Singh; S. Jaiswal
Kornerupine, although a rare mineral, has been reported from several locations around the world in various types of aluminomagnesian Proterozoic rocks subjected to amphibolite and granulite facies metamorphism. Here we report the occurrence of kornerupine in qua-rtzo-feldspathic gneisses near Kunjan town located in the southwestern part of Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. These kornerupine granulites show well-preserved retrogression texture, involving hydration reactions which helped develop the various mineral assemblages. The common stable assemblage in these granulites is orthopyroxene-cordierite-kornerupme-biotite-spinel-K-feldspar-plagioclase. The P-T conditions of these granulites have been derived using the winTWQ program, which gives results of ~800°C and ~6 kbar for kornerupine-bearing assemblage. The high P-T assemblage reported from this area bears a significant relationship with the metamorphic history and exhumation of the Salem-Namakkal block. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.