Browsing by Author "Manisha Saini"

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Conventional, genomics, and post-genomics era of pulses breeding: Current status and future prospects
(Elsevier, 2022) Seema Sheoran; Thribhuvan R; Manisha Saini; Vinita Ramtekey; Sandeep Kumar; Ram Swaroop Meena; Arnab Banerjee; Chetan Kumar Jangir
Among food grains, pulses are the main sources of proteins, minerals and vitamins for a large section of the population. They play an important role in global food security through providing nutritious food, animal feed, source of income and various employment opportunities. Pulses are mainly cultivated by small and marginal farmers with poor resources and minimal inputs under rainfed conditions. In addition, through traditional breeding, just a few pulses genotypes have been recurrently used as parents in breeding programs for the production of new cultivars, hence, they have narrowed down their genetic base and not gained full potential of production. Therefore, to increase the speed of genetic gain in pulses, novel genomics and post-genomics tools have been extensively utilised by the plant breeders in integration with the new breeding strategies like marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS), speed breeding, genome editing tools, and high-throughput phenotyping around the world. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes for seed shape and 100-seed weight in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Rahul Kumar; Manisha Saini; Meniari Taku; Pulak Debbarma; Rohit Kumar Mahto; Ayyagari Ramlal; Deepshikha Sharma; Ambika Rajendran; Renu Pandey; Kishor Gaikwad; S.K. Lal; Akshay Talukdar
Seed size and shape are important traits determining yield and quality in soybean. Seed size and shape are also desirable for specialty soy foods like tofu, natto, miso, and edamame. In order to find stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes for seed shape and 100-seed weight, the current study used vegetable type and seed soybean-derived F2 and F2:3 mapping populations. A total of 42 QTLs were mapped, which were dispersed across 13 chromosomes. Of these, seven were determined to be stable QTLs and five of them were major QTLs, namely qSL-10-1, qSW-4-1, qSV-4-1, qSLW-10-1, and qSLH-10-1. Thirteen of the 42 QTLs detected in the current study were found at known loci, while the remaining 29 were discovered for the first time. Out of these 29 novel QTLs, 17 were major QTLs. Based on Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER), gene annotation information, and literature search, 66 genes within seven stable QTLs were predicted to be possible candidate genes that might regulate seed shape and seed weight in soybean. The current study identified the key candidate genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling soybean seed shape and weight, and these results will be very helpful in marker-assisted breeding for developing soybean varieties with improved seed weight and desired seed shape. Copyright © 2023 Kumar, Saini, Taku, Debbarma, Mahto, Ramlal, Sharma, Rajendran, Pandey, Gaikwad, Lal and Talukdar.
In silico analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory compounds obtained from soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Ayyagari Ramlal; Isha Bhat; Aparna Nautiyal; Pooja Baweja; Sahil Mehta; Vikash Kumar; Shikha Tripathi; Rohit Kumar Mahto; Manisha Saini; Bingi Pujari Mallikarjuna; Shukla Saluja; S.K. Lal; Sreeramanan Subramaniam; Iten M. Fawzy; Ambika Rajendran
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the major reasons for deaths globally. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates body hypertension and fluid balance which causes CVD. Angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE I) is the central Zn-metallopeptidase component of the RAAS playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. The available drugs to treat CVD have many side effects, and thus, there is a need to explore phytocompounds and peptides to be utilized as alternative therapies. Soybean is a unique legume cum oilseed crop with an enriched source of proteins. Soybean extracts serve as a primary ingredient in many drug formulations against diabetes, obesity, and spinal cord-related disorders. Soy proteins and their products act against ACE I which may provide a new scope for the identification of potential scaffolds that can help in the design of safer and natural cardiovascular therapies. In this study, the molecular basis for selective inhibition of 34 soy phytomolecules (especially of beta-sitosterol, soyasaponin I, soyasaponin II, soyasaponin II methyl ester, dehydrosoyasaponin I, and phytic acid) was evaluated using in silico molecular docking approaches and dynamic simulations. Our results indicate that amongst the compounds, beta-sitosterol exhibited a potential inhibitory action against ACE I. Copyright © 2023 Ramlal, Bhat, Nautiyal, Baweja, Mehta, Kumar, Tripathi, Mahto, Saini, Mallikarjuna, Saluja, Lal, Subramaniam, Fawzy and Rajendran.
Maternal effects and recessive epistasis govern green, yellow and brown seed coat color inheritance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Rahul Kumar; Akshay Talukdar; Manisha Saini; Nenavath Krishna Kumar Rathod; Raju Ratan Yadav; Rohit Kumar Mahto; Renu Nath Pandey; Kishor Gaikwad; Sanjay Kumar Lal; Amitabha Bandyopadhyay
Seed coat color is crucial for consumer preference in soybeans. This study explores the genetic mechanisms underlying yellow, green, and brown seed coats through reciprocal crosses, revealing that seed coat color is maternally inherited, with F1 seeds matching the female parental phenotype. In the F2 generation, all seeds had green coats, while F3 segregation patterns followed a two-gene epistatic model. The yellow (SKAF148) x brown (AGS457) cross segregated in a 9:3:4 ratio (green: yellow: brown), while yellow x green (SKAF148 x AGS346) segregated in a 3:1 ratio (green: yellow). Here, we report that two loci, G1 and G2, govern color expression. Dominant alleles at both loci (G1_G2_) produced green seed coats, while yellow required G1_g2g2 and brown required homozygous recessive g1g1 alleles, demonstrating recessive epistasis where g1g1 masked G2 effects. This research establishes a genetic pathway from brown to yellow to green, offering key insights into the digenic inheritance of seed coat color. The parental genotypes were inferred as G1G1g2g2 (yellow), G1G1G2G2 (green), and g1g1G2G2 (brown). These findings provide valuable guidance for breeding programs targeting consumer-preferred seed coat colors in soybeans. © The Author(s) 2025.