Browsing by Author "Manisha Srivastava"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Effect of organic amendments on soil mycoflora
(2010) Ravindra Kumar; Seweta Srivastava; Manisha Srivastava; Asha Sinha
In present study, the influences of different organic soil amendments on soil fungi was studied. Soil organisms carry a wide range of processor that are important for soil health and partially in both natural and managed agricultural scales. The total number of organisms, the diversity of species and activity of soil biota will fluctuate as soil environment changes. Three types of soil amendments and fertilizers viz., urea, FYM and vermicompost were used to amend the cultivated agricultural soil. The fungi were isolated from soil by using dilution plate technique and soil plate method. The dynamics of soil fungi were observed qualitatively as well as quantitatively. The maximum number of fungi was recorded when soil amended with FYM (40.6xl04 g-1), urea (38.8xl04 g-1) of dry soil at different concentration 2.0, 1.5 and 2.0%, respectively. In control where soil was not amended with any organic amendment, the number of fungi was 13.0xl04 to 16.8x104 g-1 14.4xl04 to 16.8x104 g-1 13.8xl04 to 16.8xl04 g-1 in urea, FYM and Vermicompost, respectively. A total 25 fungi were observed during the experimental period. Eighteen were observed when soil amended with urea, twenty-two observed when soil amended with FYM and 20 when soil amended with vermicompost. In control soil only fifteen fungi were recorded. The result showed that the number of fungi was increased in amended soil. Qualitatively, the fungi Rhizopus stolomfer, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Trichoderma harzianum, Penicillium citrinum, Alternaria alternata and Curvularia lunata, White Sterile Mycelium and Black Sterile Mycelium were observed. © 2010 Academic Journals Inc.
Effect of seed-borne mycoflora on protein and amino acid content of Jatropha curcas L. Seeds during storage
(2013) Seweta Srivastava; Manisha Srivastava; Ravindra Kumar; Asha Sinha
Jatropha curcas is a non-edible oil crop predominately used to produce bio-diesel. J. curcas seed meal (with 1 -2 % residual oil) has 58 -64 % crude protein (90 % of which is present in the form of true protein) and levels of essential amino acids except lysine are higher which were constantly effected by the seed-borne mycoflora during storage. The objective of this study was to estimate the change in protein and amino acid content of Jatropha seeds after deterioration. For protein and amino acid estimations fresh, stored as well as infested Jatropha seeds were used. Whole seed and kernels were infested with six fungi isolated from Jatropha curcas seeds during storage viz. Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium chlamydosporum and Penicillium glabrum separately. Four different concentrations of seed samples viz. 50μl, 100μl, 150μl and 200μl were taken for the protein and amino acid estimation of stored as well as infested Jatropha seeds. Protein content of two years stored Jatropha seeds at 200μl concentration is much less as compared to fresh seeds. Minimum protein content was found in Fusarium chlamydosporum infested Jatropha seeds i.e., 10μg/ml which is very less as compared to fresh seeds i.e., 110.67μg/ ml at 50μl concentration respectively. Protein profiling by SDS-PAGE revealed that the maximum number of bands was shown by fresh Jatropha seeds and kernels. The presence or absence of bands in protein profiling might be responsible for presence or absence of protein of that size. Surprisingly, amino acids of infested seeds were increased due fungal infection and maximum amino acids content was found in Aspergillus flavus infested kernels at 200μl concentration followed by Fusarium chlamydosporum and Aspergillus flavus infested Jatropha kernels.
Evaluation of Cymbopogon martinii oil extract for control of postharvest insect deterioration in cereals and legumes
(IAMFES, 2007) Rajesh Kumar; Manisha Srivastava; N.K. Dubey
The essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii was tested for its potency as a botanical pesticide to protect stored wheat (Triticum aestivum) and gram (garbanzo bean, Cicer arietinum) from insect infestation. The C. martinii oil was potent as a fumigant in stored gram. The oil was an effective repellent against the beetles Callosobruchus chinensis and Tribolium castaneum. Geraniol, the major component of the oil, was not as effective as the oil itself. C. martinii oil significantly affected oviposition, adult development, and mortality of C. chinensis in cow peas (Vigna unguiculata). The C. martinii oil when used as fumigant did not affect viability, germination, and seedling growth of gram. Because of its insecticidal and semiochemical nature, the oil could be used as an alternative to synthetic pesticides in an integrated pest management program to protect stored food commodities. Copyright ©, International Association for Food Protection.
Influence of fungi on carbohydrate and phenol content of Jatropha curcas seeds during storage
(Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2014) Seweta Srivastava; Manisha Srivastava; Ravindra Kumar; Swapnil Kumar Shrivastava; Gorakh Nath Gupta; Asha Sinha
Jatropha curcas L. has been considered a potential source of seed oil for the production of biofuel. The aim of this study was to estimate the change in carbohydrate and phenolic content of Jatropha seeds after deterioration under storage condition. For estimation of carbohydrate and phenol fresh, stored as well as infested Jatropha seeds were used. Whole seed and kernels were infested with six dominant fungi viz. Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium chlamydosporum and Penicillium glabrum separately. Four different concentrations of seed samples viz. 50μl, 100μl, 150μl and 200μl were taken for the carbohydrate and phenol estimation of stored as well as infested Jatropha seeds. Carbohydrate content got reduced during storage while the phenolic content increases to show their antimicrobial effect. Maximum carbohydrate found was 50mg/ml at 200μl concentration in Fusarium chlamydosporum infested Jatropha seeds followed by Penicillium glabrum i.e., 30mg/ml and minimum carbohydrate content found was 1mg/ml at 50μl concentration in Aspergillus flavus infested Jatropha seeds and 4mg/ml in Aspergillus fumigatus at 50μl concentration in infested Jatropha kernels. Maximum Phenol content found was 190mg/100mg dry wt. in Fusarium chlamydosporum infested Jatropha kernels followed by Penicillium glabrum infested Jatropha seeds and kernels i.e., 180mg/100mg dry wt. at 200μl concentration while minimum phenol content was found nearly same i.e., 5.33mg/100mg dry wt. and 5.67mg/100mg dry wt. at 50μl and 100μl concentrations in fresh seeds, respectively.
Management of leaf curl disease of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
(2010) Susheel Kumar Pandey; A.C. Mathur; Manisha Srivastava
In present study management of chilli leaf curl disease has been studied. The management of leaf curl disease, by plant products showed that Neem Seed kernal extract (5%) found most effective than Karanj and Tumba seed extract. Management by insecticides, imidacloprid 17.8 SL (0.003%) was most effective than spinosad 48 EC (0.02%), malathion 50 EC (0.05%), acephate 75 SP (0.1%) and methyl-demeton 25EC (0.025%). Management of chilli leaf curl was done by seed extract of plants and insecticides at different concentrations. © 2010 Academic Journals Inc.
Substrate induced respiration and soluble crude protein production by soil mycobiota involved in the decomposition of Sesbania aculeatal L.
(Academic Journals Inc., 2011) Ravindra Kumar; Asha Sinha; Seweta Srivastava; Manisha Srivastava
The aim of the present study was to determine the decomposition rate of Sesbania aculeata L. by CO2 evolution and to estimate Soluble Crude Protein (SCP) production by dominant decomposing mycoflora of Sesbania aculeata L. Eight dominant decomposing mycobiota were selected for the study. In the substrate induced respiration the significant difference was observed in both sterilized and unsterilized substrate with the test fungi. The maximum CO2 evolution was observed with Aspergillus niger in sterilized (16.04 μg day -1) and unsterilized green manure (18.92 μg day -1). In other experiment conducted for the estimation of soluble crude protein production Penicillium citrinum has produced maximum SCP (26.54%) at 25°C followed by Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus niger and Curvularia lunata whereas minimum soluble crude protein production was observed in Penicillium rubrum (8.46%) at 35°C. The maximum per cent biomass reduction observed by Aspergillus niger (28.60%) at 25°C and minimum was found in Penicillium rubrum (3.80%) at 35°C. Among seven different nitrogen sources tested against Penicillium citrinum, the highest producer of SCP, potassium nitrate was found to be the best for maximum SCP production (26.54%) whereas the least suitable nitrogen source for SCP production by Penicillium citrinum was recorded to be sodium nitrate (14.85%). © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.