Browsing by Author "Manoj Kumar Chitara"

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Development Prospective and Challenges of Nanotechnology in Sustainable Agriculture
(Springer Nature, 2024) Shalini Singh Visen; Dinesh Jinger; Manoj Parihar; Gopal Tiwari; Rajendra Prasad Meena; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Surendra Singh Jatav
Sustainable intensification in agriculture with novel techniques proposed to achieve food security of burgeoning population across the world. Existing practices of crop production are becoming unsustainable. In this regard, nanotechnology (NT) can be a crucial driver for the imminent agri-tech revaluation which promises the sustainable food production. It offers plentiful applications in agriculture sector which include nano-fertilizers (NFs), nano-pesticides (NPs), and nano-herbicides (NHs) etc. NT helps indetermining the soil quality of different land use system and thus it sustains the soil health. Use NPs minimizes the application dose of notorious pesticides and its exposure to human beings. It also has significantly positive influences on germination, growth and development of crop plant. Before exploiting the NT, extensive research is needed to ascertain the risk and environmental issues associated with this technique. In this book chapter, we have elaborated the most promising areas and strategies for the implementation of NT in agriculture to enhance the quality of natural resources (land, water, energy) through better use efficiency of inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides). In addition, challenges and risk assessments along with future strategy are also discussed in order to present this technique more viable for sustainable agro-ecosystem. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Exploring the role of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma in tripartite interaction with plant and pathogens
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Chetan Keswani; Kartikay Bisen; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Harikesh Bahadur Singh
Exploitation of agriculturally important microorganisms in plant growth promotion and antagonistic potential is a well-investigated area. Trichoderma spp. are widely acknowledged for their potential to parasitize plant pathogenic fungi and have been efficiently utilized for biocontrol of wide range of seed and soil-borne phytopathogens. The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. is largely credited to production of various antimicrobial secondary metabolites and has also been reported for plant growth promotion, management of the phytopathogens, and induction of systemic resistance in plants. Secondary metabolites-based formulation may have an additional benefit of longer shelf-life and immediate effect in comparison to spore-based formulations. Hence, this chapter will focus on the role of biosynthesized antimicrobial secondary metabolites of Trichoderma in tripartite interactions. © 2017 Springer International Publishing AG.
Role of AM fungi in growth promotion of high-value crops
(Elsevier, 2022) Manoj Parihar; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Hanuman Ram; Asha Kumari; Gopal Tiwari; Kiran Rana; Bisweswar Gorain; Utkarsh Kumar; Jaideep Kumar Bisht; Lakshmi Kant
In order to meet the food demands of burgeoning population, innovative and efficient management practices are required for sustainable agricultural production. The high value crops (HVCs) including vegetables, horticulture, fruit and field crops such as potato, cotton, sugarcane etc. not only strengthen the financial security of farmers but also ensure their food, fiber and nutritional availability. To improve the productivity of HVCs, use of beneficial microbial symbionts such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is very promising and eco-friendly approach. The AMF form association with most of the land plants including agricultural and HVCs. They provide numerous benefits to the plants including better availability of water and nutrients, alleviate various biotic and abiotic stresses and promote plant growth. However, AMF response in improving the plant performance depends upon several other aspects such as soil environment, AMF strains, plant genotypes, agricultural management practices etc. In this regard, future research must be towards optimization of AMF plant association, suitable inoculum production and application techniques and co-inoculation of AMF with other plant growth promoting bacteria. In the present chapter we will discuss the state-of-the-art of potential of AMF to improve the production of HVCs, its application in micro-propagation program, commercialization and future advancement for sustainable production system. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Role of plant-associated microbes in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils
(CRC Press, 2021) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Hanuman Singh Jatav; Vishnu D. Rajput; Ashish Kumar Singh; Kiran Rana; Surendra Singh Jatav; Mohsina Anjum; Tatiana Minkina; Utkarsh Kumar
[No abstract available]
The Risk Associated with Crop Ecosystem Management and Pesticides Pollution
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Manoj Kumar Chitara; Rajesh Pratap Singh; Prince Kumar Gupta; Dhruv Mishra; Surendra Singh Jatav; Sachin Sharma; Hanuman Singh Jatav
Pesticides are large groups of chemical compounds including herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, rodenticides, and plant growth regulators etc., commonly used for crop protection against pests. Indiscriminate utilization of pesticides could adversely impose the risk to food safety, the environment and the living population. Farmers are ignoring the risk associated with pesticides used, safety guidelines, and protective directives in crop management. The improper utilization of pesticides caused the degradation of the quality and fertility of the soil as well as disturbing the nutrient cycling, which leads to heavy metal deposition and toxicity. Excessive exposure of the pesticide to the insect population will be created the development of insect pest resistance, resurgence and decline of the population of the natural enemies. Disposal of unwanted pesticides waste is responsible for the pollution of the water reservoir, groundwater, and pond water sources. The bio-magnification of contaminant cause health associated risk in human beings and animal at different levels of the food chain. In this chapter, we are discussing in detail the risk associated with pesticide application and crop management. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
The structure, function, and utility of the rhizosphere microbiome of cereal crops
(Elsevier, 2022) Manoj Kumar Chitara; Sachin Sharma; Manoj Parihar; B. Jeevan; Prashanth A. Sangannavar; Amit Kumar; Kutala Sathyanarayana; Jalaja S. Kumar; Reeta Luikham; Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam
Rhizosphere microbiomes are very complex ecosystems on the earth and play an important role in plant growth promotion, nutrient recycling, and soil fertility. The diversity of rhizosphere microbiomes in cereal crops is primarily regulated by soil type, root exudates, host genotype, and land use patterns. It is essential to understand the dynamic responses of rhizosphere microbiomes to physical, chemical, and biological changes for developing sustainable agricultural practices in disturbed soil ecosystems. This chapter is aimed to address the structure and function of rhizosphere microbiomes of cereal crops with a special emphasis on biotechnological applications for its yield improvement. Mechanisms of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in cereal crops production have been selectively highlighted in this chapter with suitable examples. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.