Browsing by Author "Manoj Parihar"

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A consortium of arbuscular mycorrizal fungi improves nutrient uptake, biochemical response, nodulation and growth of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) under salt stress
(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Rajendra Prasad Meena; Dinesh Chandra Joshi
The present study was conducted to examine the accumulation of nutrients, antioxidant enzymes activity, growth and yield of pea influenced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under salt stress. This study included four treatments i.e. single species AMF (Rhizophagus intraradices), formulated AMF (Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices), and multi species AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus and Gigaspora sp.) along with control (non-mycorrhizal). The AMF inoculation found to be effective in reducing the negative effects of salt stress by improving the antioxidant enzyme system, greater ionic balance, and by regulating the malondialdehyde and phenolic compounds, which resulted in higher growth and yield of pea. Seed yield increased by ~24, 40 and 54% in Rhizophagus intraradices, Funneliformis mosseae + Rhizophagus intraradices and Rhizophagus fasciculatus + Gigaspora sp. respectively in comparison to control treatments. Overall, consortium based application of AMF belonging to different family i.e. multi species (Rhizophagus fasciculatus and Gigaspora sp.) was found superior than single AMF inoculation to improve the pea production under salt stress environment. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
An Overview of Micronutrients: Prospects and Implication in Crop Production
(Springer International Publishing, 2020) Hanuman Singh Jatav; L. Devarishi Sharma; Rahul Sadhukhan; Satish Kumar Singh; Surendra Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Manoj Parihar; Surendra Singh Jatav; Dinesh Jinger; Sunil Kumar; Sukirtee
Micronutrients are important for plant growth and they significantly play an important role in balanced crop nutrition. They are vital for appropriate growth and development of plants in their entire life span. A deficiency of any one of the micronutrients in the soil can limit the growth of plants, even when all other nutrients are available in adequate amounts. The deficiency of micronutrients is widespread in many areas due to the nature of soils, high pH, low organic matter, salt stress, continuous drought, high bicarbonate content in irrigation water and imbalanced application of fertilisers. In India, the most deficient micronutrient in the soil is Zn, followed by B. In recent years, the deficiency of micronutrient has risen to a great extent. Zn and B deficiencies are focussed mainly for their adverse impacts on human health and food production. This chapter attempts to examine the defects of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B and Mo deficiency in the soil and crops as well as the management of micronutrient deficiencies by way of fertilisation, development of agronomic strategies and creation of awareness of micronutrient dose. Deficiencies of Zn and B cause some severe complications in crop production in India. In view of the problems, we discuss the importance of micronutrients in agriculture and their roles and ways to improve crop productivity. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
Application of Sewage Sludge in a Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) System Influences the Growth, Yield, Quality and Heavy Metals Accumulation of Rice and Wheat in the Northern Gangetic Alluvial Plain
(MDPI, 2022) Surendra Singh Jatav; Satish Kumar Singh; Manoj Parihar; Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani; Ahmed Gaber; Akbar Hossain
For a sustainable and profitable agriculture production system, balanced and integrated use of nutrients is a key strategy. In addition, partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with organics ones reduces both environmental concerns and economic costs and provides greater soil health benefits. With this hypothesis, an experiment was conducted to assess the yield and economic benefits of a rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) as influenced by the joint application of sewage sludge (SSL) and fertilizer. The treatments comprised: without fertilizer or SSL; 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF); 100% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 100% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL; 50% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 60% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 50% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL; 60% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL and 70% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The result of our study indicate that the highest percent increase in mean plant height i.e., ~14.85 and ~13.90, and grain yield i.e., ~8.10 and ~18.90 for rice and wheat, respectively, were recorded under 100% RDF + 30 Mg SSL ha−1 treatment compared to 100% RDF, while 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL produced a statistically equivalent grain yield of 100% RDF in RWCS. The application of 20 and 30 Mg SSL ha−1 along with recommended or reduced fertilizer dose, significantly increased the heavy metal content in plant and soil systems above that of 100% RDF, but this enhancement was found within permissible limits. Moreover, the reduced use of SSL i.e., 20 Mg SSL ha−1, resulted in lower heavy metal content in grain and soil than did the 30 Mg ha−1 SSL treatment, but significantly higher than in the absolute control or 100% RDF treatment. In summary, the use of 20 Mg ha−1 SSL along with 70% RDF provided a safer, profitable and sustainable option in a rice-wheat cropping system in the middle Ganegatic alluvial plain. © 2022 by the authors.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza: A versatile component for alleviation of salt stress
(Technoscience Publications, 2016) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit
Salt-affected soil is one of the most serious abiotic stress that causes reduced plant growth, development and productivity worldwide. Plants, in their natural environment, are colonized both by external and internal microorganisms. These microorganisms, particularly beneficial bacteria and fungi, can improve plant performance under stress environments and, consequently, enhance yield. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are associated with the roots of over 80% terrestrial plant species including halophytes, hydrophytes and xerophytes. In this respect, bioreclamation using mycorrhiza for alleviating salt stress would be a better option. AM fungi promote plant growth and salinity tolerance by different ways, such as enhancing nutrient acquisition, producing plant growth hormones, improving rhizospheric and soil conditions, altering the physiological and biochemical properties of the host and defending roots against soil-borne pathogens.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza: a viable strategy for soil nutrient loss reduction
(Springer Verlag, 2019) Manoj Parihar; Vijay Singh Meena; Pankaj Kumar Mishra; Amitava Rakshit; Mahipal Choudhary; Ram Prakash Yadav; Kiran Rana; Jaideep Kumar Bisht
Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi’s (AMF) role in plant nutrition and stress management is well known, but very few researches and studies have been conducted so far on the fungal ability to reduce different nutrient losses (runoff, leaching and volatilization) from the soil system. This important ecosystem service of AMF had been neglected largely. From the recent findings, it has been confirmed that mycorrhizal symbiosis has potential to check the losses of applied nutrients. The role of soil biota in nutrient cycling is indispensable and determines the nutrient availability to plants. Among these biota, AMF’s association with plants is the most prevalent, but the exact mechanisms followed by AMF in nutrient cycling, transformation and reducing nutrient loss ability are still inconclusive. In this review, we will try to unlock this particular aspect of AMF which is important to achieve global food demand in a sustainable way. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: Inoculum Production and Application
(Springer Nature, 2024) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Alok Adholeya; Yinglong Chen
This 2-volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry, and other ecosystems, along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It contains the current advancement in basic and molecular techniques, challenges, opportunities, and determinates of various AMF production methods and major tools and techniques for their field application. Production and development of AMF is rapidly evolving and requires a multidisciplinary approach with up-to-date knowledge to broaden and strengthen the perspective of researchers involved in this domain. The volumes offer new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and others interested in mycorrhiza. The first volume covers some basic isolation techniques, enumeration, and molecular studies with recent advances in various in-vitro and in-vivo production technologies, regulatory issues, and application methodologies for field inoculation. It also discusses AMF application in various agroecosystems for sustainable agricultural production and a healthier planet. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: Nutrient and Crop Management
(Springer Nature, 2024) Manoj Parihar; Alok Adholeya; Amitava Rakshit; Yinglong Chen
This 2 volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry and other ecosystems along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It offers new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and other individuals interested in the field of mycorrhiza.AMF provides favorable rhizospheric environment to the plant with numerous direct and indirect mechanisms, in exchange of soil nutrients and photosynthetically fixed carbon. Other than the species composition and diversity determination of natural ecosystem, AMF play a vital role in maintaining the soil quality, agricultural sustainability and environmental integrity. The second volume provide comprehensive knowledge on AMF role in nutrient cycling, nutrient exchange and their acquisition under normal and stress condition. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mediated salt tolerance by regulating antioxidant enzyme system, photosynthetic pathways and ionic equilibrium in pea (Pisum sativum L.)
(Akademiai Kiado Rt., 2020) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Gopal Tiwari; Surendra Singh Jatav
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in improving the plant tolerance to salt stress. In the present study, we investigated the influence of AM fungi inoculation on various physiological, biochemical and nutritional aspects of pea grown under salt stress. The AM fungi inoculation successfully reduced the negative effects of salinity by improving the antioxidant enzyme system, a greater accumulation of compatible organic solutes, a higher content of photosynthetic pigment and a balanced uptake of nutrients, which resulted in higher growth and yield. Seed yield was found to be significantly higher by ~ 24, 40 and 54% in T2 (Rhizoglomus intraradices), T3 (Funneliformis mosseae and R. intraradices) and T4 (Rhizoglomus fasciculatum and Gigaspora sp.), respectively, as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants. Overall, a mixed application of R fasciculatum and Gigaspora sp. was superior to other mycorrhizal treatments, which can be attributed to specific compatibility relationships or functional complementarity that exists between symbionts. © 2020, Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Abundance, Interaction with Plants and Potential Biological Applications
(Springer, 2020) Manoj Parihar; Manoj Chitara; Priyanaka Khati; Asha Kumari; Pankaj Kumar Mishra; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Vijay Singh Meena; Ashish Kumar Singh; Mahipal Choudhary; Jaideep Kumar Bisht; Hanuman Ram; Arunava Pattanayak; Gopal Tiwari; Surendra Singh Jatav
Beneficial microbes associated with plant roots play an important role to achieve higher agriculture production for burgeoning population in sustainable way. Among various microbes, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi interaction with higher land plants is unique as they occupy position both inside and outside of roots. AM fungi as a natural symbionts of land plants provide various ecological services, in particular by improving plant water and nutrition availability, soil health and fertility, alleviating stress condition and wasteland management. Mycorrhizae as a broader group of fungi include seven types of members, i.e. arbuscular, ecto, ectendo, arbutoid, monotropoid, ericoid and orchidaceous, while arbuscular and ectomycorrhizae are the most abundant and ubiquitous. In this chapter, we focus on AM fungi and provide an overview on mycorrhizal interaction, benefits, processes, production development and potential application domain under various conditions. Along with recent advances in AM fungi role under various stress condition, reclamation of problematic wastelands and production aspects, we also discuss about the basic features of AM fungi with past developments to provide an overall glimpse of this plant-fungal interaction. In spite of its growing trends, AM fungi’s current application and market sharing are far below to full potential. Regarding this, current challenges, constraints and strategies for future road map to overcome these problems are also discussed briefly. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
Bio-inoculants in Horticultural Crops
(Elsevier, 2024) Amitava Rakshit; Vijay Singh Meena; Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto; Manoj Parihar; Adalberto Benavides Mendonza; H.B. Singh
Bio-inoculants in Horticultural Crops, Volume Three in the Advances in Bio-inoculant series, focuses on real-time application of novel microbes that have been proven to enhance and improve plant health and productivity. The book provides comprehensive information on a range of biological approaches and mechanisms for the improvement of horticultural crops being practiced in different production systems. Covering the subject from historical developments to recent advances in microbial interventions, it addresses the potential role and bio-mechanism of bio-inoculants for challenges including stress tolerance, production, commercialization, application methodology, challenges and future roadmap for sustainable production system of horticultural crops. This volume will be useful to scientists, academicians, and students of horticulture, agriculture microbiology, plant protection, and other related subjects. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Biopesticides: Volume 2: Advances in Bio-inoculants
(Elsevier, 2021) Amitava Rakshit; Vijay Singh Meena; P.C. Abhilash; B.K. Sarma; H.B. Singh; Leonardo Fraceto; Manoj Parihar; Anand Kumar Singh
Biopesticide: Volume Two, the latest release in the Advances in Bioinoculant series, provides an updated overview on the active substances utilized in current bioinsecticides, along with information on which of them can be used for integrated pest management programs in agro-ecosystems. The book presents a comprehensive look at the development of novel solutions against new targets, also introducing new technologies that enhance the efficacy of already available active substances. Finally, readers will find insights into the advanced molecular studies on insect microbial community diversity that are opening new frontiers in the development of innovative pest management strategies. This book will be valuable to those prioritizing agro biodiversity management to address optimal productizing and enhanced food security. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Bioremediation of soils contaminated with Ni and Cd: An overview
(Springer Singapore, 2017) Amitava Rakshit; Sumita Pal; Manoj Parihar; H.B. Singh
Environmental pollution due to heavy metals (HM) is a concern globally since this may lead to geoaccumulation, bioaccumulation, and biomagnifications in ecosystems as they can penetrate the food sequence via anthropogenic actions such as continuous addition of waste water, sewage sludge application, and purification of metals. These metals have been widely studied and their effects on soil-plant-animal continuum regularly reviewed with varied perspective. In the present review, we sum up contemporary knowledge about bioremediation of heavy metals in particular nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) which are potential soil and water pollutants. Among the different bioremediation options available phytoremediation emerges as a sustainable and inexpensive technology. On the other hand, as phytoremediation is a dawdling process, enhancement of efficiency and for augmented stabilization or removal of HMs from soils arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi afford a smart system to press forward plant-based environmental clean-up. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
Crop Productivity, Grain Quality, Water Use Efficiency, and Soil Enzyme Activity as Influenced by Silicon and Phosphorus Application in Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa)
(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2020) Dinesh Jinger; Shiva Dhar; Anchal Dass; V.K. Sharma; Livleen Shukla; Manoj Parihar; Kiran Rana; Gaurendra Gupta; H.S. Jatav
The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of silicon (Si) and phosphorus (P) application on crop productivity, grain quality, water-use efficiency (WUE), and soil enzyme activity in aerobic rice (AR) at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. Four levels each of Si (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg Si ha–1) and P (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg P2O5 ha–1) were tested in a factorial randomized block design (FRBD) replicated thrice. The growth, yield and quality of AR were enhanced with increasing Si and P application rates and a similar trend was observed for WUE and soil enzyme activity. The highest grain yield of AR was recorded with 120 kg Si and 90 kg P2O5 ha–1 followed by 80 kg Si and 60 kg P2O5 ha–1 and the lowest in control. The grain, straw yield and water productivity increased by 10–40%, 5–30%, and 10.2–39%, respectively in different treatments over control. Though, all studied parameters showed increment with increasing dose of Si and P; however 60 kg P2O5 and 80 kg Si ha–1 were statistically superior to their other respective doses. In conclusion, supplementation of Si and P fertilizers substantially increased the AR productivity in Trans-Gangetic plains of India (Figure 1). © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Development Prospective and Challenges of Nanotechnology in Sustainable Agriculture
(Springer Nature, 2024) Shalini Singh Visen; Dinesh Jinger; Manoj Parihar; Gopal Tiwari; Rajendra Prasad Meena; Manoj Kumar Chitara; Surendra Singh Jatav
Sustainable intensification in agriculture with novel techniques proposed to achieve food security of burgeoning population across the world. Existing practices of crop production are becoming unsustainable. In this regard, nanotechnology (NT) can be a crucial driver for the imminent agri-tech revaluation which promises the sustainable food production. It offers plentiful applications in agriculture sector which include nano-fertilizers (NFs), nano-pesticides (NPs), and nano-herbicides (NHs) etc. NT helps indetermining the soil quality of different land use system and thus it sustains the soil health. Use NPs minimizes the application dose of notorious pesticides and its exposure to human beings. It also has significantly positive influences on germination, growth and development of crop plant. Before exploiting the NT, extensive research is needed to ascertain the risk and environmental issues associated with this technique. In this book chapter, we have elaborated the most promising areas and strategies for the implementation of NT in agriculture to enhance the quality of natural resources (land, water, energy) through better use efficiency of inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides). In addition, challenges and risk assessments along with future strategy are also discussed in order to present this technique more viable for sustainable agro-ecosystem. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alkaline soils of hot sub humid eco-region of Middle Gangetic Plains of India
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2019) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Harikesh Bahadur Singh; Kiran Rana
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the salt affected soils of Varanasi district. Saccharum munja Roxb. was predominate among all the vegetation and shown strong AM fungal colonisation. Soil characteristics revealed their neutral to alkali nature and habituated six genera and eight different species of AM fungi i.e. Acaulospora (1), Cetraspora (1), Entrophospora (1), Funneliformis (2- F. geosporum and F. mosseae), Glomus (1), Rhizolglomus (2- R. intraradices and R. fasciculatum) in the rhizosphere of native salt tolerant vegetation. Rhizolglomus fasciculatum was the most widely distributed species under strongly alkaline condition (52.96%) while Funneliformis mosseae was well distributed under slightly (22.99%) to moderately alkaline condition (35.78%). Soil alkalinity was observed to be detrimental for AMF but members of family Glomeraceae registered their presence more frequently (∼65%) with higher spore density showing strong adaptation which might be helpful in restoration of moderately to strongly alkaline disturbed eco-region. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Does integrated nutrient management, enhance agricultural productivity?
(Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2015) Lokesh Kumar Jat; Y.V. Singh; Santosh Kumar Meena; Sunita Kumari Meena; Manoj Parihar; H.S. Jatav; Raj Kumar Meena; Vijay Singh Meena
Nowadays the global food demands of a growing human population and need for an eco-friendly strategy for sustainable soil-plant-microbes-environmental system, require significant attention when addressing the issue of enhancing agricultural productivity. One possible way to enhance crop productivity by chemical fertilization, but due to injudicious uses of chemical input in agricultural system detonated the soil, food, environmental and human health, chemical fertilization also increasing their prices 21st century. However, it is not possible to supply all the nutrient requirements of crops through organic manures. So by taking into consideration the above facts, integrated nutrient management (INM) has been developed. Here we discuss the role of INM in resolving these concerns, which has been proposed as a promising strategy for addressing these challenges. INM has multifaceted potential for the improvement of plant performance and resource efficiency while also enabling the protection of the environment and resource quality. Lower inputs of chemical fertilizer and therefore lower human and environmental costs (such as intensity of land use, N use, reactive N losses and GHG emissions) were achieved under advanced INM practices without any negative effect on crop yields. A comprehensive literature research revealed that INM increases crop yields by 8-150% as compared with conventional practices, increases water and nutrients use efficiency and the economic returns to farmers, while improving grain quality and soil health and sustainability. Strong and convincing evidence indicates that INM practice could be an innovative and environment friendly practice for sustainable agriculture worldwide. © 2015 Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Effect of sulfur fertilization, varieties and irrigation scheduling on growth, yield, and heat utilization efficiency of indian mustard (Brassica Juncea L.)
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2020) Kiran Rana; Manoj Parihar; J.P. Singh; Rajesh Kumar Singh
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of sulfur fertilization and irrigation scheduling on mustard hybrids in Varanasi, India. Experiment comprised 18 treatment combination involving three irrigation scheduling (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 IW/CPE) and two hybrids (NRCHB-506 and PAC 432) as main plot treatment and three sulfur (S) levels (0, 30 and 60 kg S ha−1) as sub-plot treatment in split-plot design replicated thrice during Rabi season (Oct–March) of 2015–16 and 2016–17. Statistical analysis of the results revealed that individually irrigation scheduling at 0.8 IW/CPE, mustard variety ‘PAC 432ʹ and sulfur application at 60 kg ha−1 reported to have maximum plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, dry matter accumulation, number of siliquae plant−1, number of seeds siliqua−1, siliqua length and seed yield. Similar results were also obtained in relation to dry matter heat use efficiency (DM-HUE) at different stages and seed yield HUE. However, the variation in most of the parameters observed with either 0.6 or 0.8 IW/CPE and application of 30 or 60 kg S ha−1 was found non-significant during the course of the trial. In terms of interaction, mustard variety ‘PAC 432ʹ irrigated at 0.8 and 0.6 IW/CPE and fertilized with 60 or 30 kg S ha−1 proved significantly superior over other treatments and recorded the highest plant height, better yield constituents and maximum yield, while the lowest values for the same were recorded in ‘NRCHB-506ʹ irrigated at 0.4 IW/CPE with no sulfur application during both the years of experimentation. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Evaluating combined effect of different coated urea with PGPR on yield and nitrogen use efficiency in lowland rice by regression model and principal component analysis approach
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Sachin Sharma; Ayush Bahuguna; Manoj Parihar; Janardan Yadav; Surendra Singh
Nitrogen (N) loss is a key problem in rice fields, which results in low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of applied N and could be a major limitation from economic and environmental perspectives. In order to improve the NUE, use of slow or controlled released N fertilizers could be a potential alternative to the conventional N inputs. With this objective to evaluate the effect of different slow-release fertilizers on NUE and grain yield of rice, a pot experiment was conducted during kharif 2017 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. The experiment comprised thirteen treatments including control, Polymer (PCU) and Neem coated urea (NCU) and their combination with Farm yard manure (FYM) and Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The combined application of PCU, NCU, FYM and PGPR in treatment T12 provided highest grain yield 47.98 gpot−1and followed by T8 46.60 gpot−1. The result showed that, compared with the PCU treatment T2 (PCU100 Split), the Agronomic efficiency (AE) and Apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (ANR%) of the mixed doses of coated urea treatment T12 (PCU50 NCU50 FYM10 PGPR Basal) increased by 20.38% and 28.48% respectively. Therefore, application of FYM and PGPR with coated urea improved rice yield, nutrient uptake and their use efficiency and potentially recommended in eastern plain of the Indo-Gangetic Plain for the sustainable production of rice crop. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Evaluation of various substrates for mycorrhizal inoculum production
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2022) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit; Kiran Rana; Gopal Tiwari; Surendra Singh Jatav; Hanuman Ram
In the present study, six media were standardized to investigate their suitability for on-farm arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) production by examining their physical condition and nutrient status which could be a major determinant of AMF propagule in the final product. The experiment was conducted with Sorghum as a host plant which was inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizoglomus intraradices. Solirite alone recorded 4.66-24.66% higher root colonization than other medium while for spore density in per g of finished product, solirite and red soil mixture (106.33) was found superior followed by solirite and biochar mixture (94.33) and solirite alone (83), respectively, and lowest in soil medium (63 to 74). Moreover, spore density and root colonization were significantly and positively correlated (R2= 0.583, P<0.05) with each other. Solirite alone or mixed with other media improved water holding capacity and porosity with optimum nutrient availability which culminated in better host plant growth and ultimately higher number of AMF propagules. © 2022 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
In Vitro Production of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: An Overview
(Springer Nature, 2024) Manoj Parihar; Amitava Rakshit
The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) forms root association with majority of land plants and both the partner get benefits from each other in mutualistic manner. The fungal partner is particularly important for ecological restoration and sustainable agriculture production. Instead of larger applicability, obligate nature of AMF imposes hindrance in research, production and its practical utility. To understand the fundamentals and practical aspects of AMF, in vitro technique could be valuable tool and several past studies found this technology as a suitable option for large scale production of AMF inoculum. In this chapter, we discuss the progress and development in various procedures and technologies made so far, their usefulness and future outlook for successful in vitro production of mycorrhizal inoculum. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.