Browsing by Author "Md. Rezaul Islam"

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An Insight into COVID-19 and Traditional Herbs: Bangladesh Perspective
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Md. Mominur Rahman; Sheikh Shohag; Md. Rezaul Islam; Shomaya Akhter; Sadia Afsana Mim; Rohit Sharma; Abdur Rauf
SARS-CoV-2 was first discovered in Wuhan in late 2019 and has since spread over the world, resulting in the present epidemic. Because targeted therapeutics are unavailable, scientists have the opportunity to discover new drugs or vaccines to counter COVID-19, and therefore a number of synthetic bioactive compounds are now being tested in clinical studies. Due to its broad therapeutic spectrum and low adverse effects, medicinal herbs have been used as traditional healing medication in those countries for ages. Due to a lack of synthetic bioactive antiviral medications, pharmaceutical and alternative therapies have been developed using a variety of herbal compositions. Due to the wide-spread availability of herbal and dietary products worldwide, people frequently use them. Notably, the majority of Bangladeshi people continue to use a variety of natural plants and herbs to treat various types of diseases. This review article discusses how previous research has shown that some herbs in Bangladesh have immunomodulatory and antiviral effects and how their active ingredients have been gathered. Even though FDA-approved medications and vaccines are available for the treatment of COVID-19, the purpose is to encourage the use of herbal medicine as immunomodulators and vaccine adjuvants for the treatment of COVID-19 prevention. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
Emerging global concern of Langya henipavirus: Pathogenicity, virulence, genomic features, and future perspectives
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Shopnil Akash; Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Rohit Sharma
[No abstract available]
Emerging Role of Neuron-Glia in Neurological Disorders: At a Glance
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Md. Yamin; Md. Mohaimenul Islam; Md. Taslim Sarker; Atkia Farzana Khan Meem; Aklima Akter; Talha Bin Emran; Simona Cavalu; Rohit Sharma
Based on the diverse physiological influence, the impact of glial cells has become much more evident on neurological illnesses, resulting in the origins of many diseases appearing to be more convoluted than previously happened. Since neurological disorders are often random and unknown, hence the construction of animal models is difficult to build, representing a small fraction of people with a gene mutation. As a result, an immediate necessity is grown to work within in vitro techniques for examining these illnesses. As the scientific community recognizes cell-autonomous contributions to a variety of central nervous system illnesses, therapeutic techniques involving stem cells for treating neurological diseases are gaining traction. The use of stem cells derived from a variety of sources is increasingly being used to replace both neuronal and glial tissue. The brain's energy demands necessitate the reliance of neurons on glial cells in order for it to function properly. Furthermore, glial cells have diverse functions in terms of regulating their own metabolic activities, as well as collaborating with neurons via secreted signaling or guidance molecules, forming a complex network of neuron-glial connections in health and sickness. Emerging data reveals that metabolic changes in glial cells can cause morphological and functional changes in conjunction with neuronal dysfunction under disease situations, highlighting the importance of neuron-glia interactions in the pathophysiology of neurological illnesses. In this context, it is required to improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and create potential novel therapeutics. According to research, synaptic malfunction is one of the features of various mental diseases, and glial cells are acting as key ingredients not only in synapse formation, growth, and plasticity but also in neuroinflammation and synaptic homeostasis which creates critical physiological capacity in the focused sensory system. The goal of this review article is to elaborate state-of-the-art information on a few glial cell types situated in the central nervous system (CNS) and highlight their role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders. © 2022 Md. Mominur Rahman et al.
Exploring the recent trends in perturbing the cellular signaling pathways in cancer by natural products
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Taslim Sarker; Mst. Afroza Alam Tumpa; Md. Yamin; Tamanna Islam; Moon Nyeo Park; Md. Rezaul Islam; Abdur Rauf; Rohit Sharma; Simona Cavalu; Bonglee Kim
Cancer is commonly thought to be the product of irregular cell division. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the major cause of death globally. Nature offers an abundant supply of bioactive compounds with high therapeutic efficacy. Anticancer effects have been studied in a variety of phytochemicals found in nature. When Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anticancer drugs are combined with natural compounds, the effectiveness improves. Several agents have already progressed to clinical trials based on these promising results of natural compounds against various cancer forms. Natural compounds prevent cancer cell proliferation, development, and metastasis by inducing cell cycle arrest, activating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and down-regulating activated signaling pathways. These natural chemicals are known to affect numerous important cellular signaling pathways, such as NF-B, MAPK, Wnt, Notch, Akt, p53, AR, ER, and many others, to cause cell death signals and induce apoptosis in pre-cancerous or cancer cells without harming normal cells. As a result, non-toxic “natural drugs” taken from nature’s bounty could be effective for the prevention of tumor progression and/or therapy of human malignancies, either alone or in combination with conventional treatments. Natural compounds have also been shown in preclinical studies to improve the sensitivity of resistant cancers to currently available chemotherapy agents. To summarize, preclinical and clinical findings against cancer indicate that natural-sourced compounds have promising anticancer efficacy. The vital purpose of these studies is to target cellular signaling pathways in cancer by natural compounds. Copyright © 2022 Rahman, Sarker, Alam Tumpa, Yamin, Islam, Park, Islam, Rauf, Sharma, Cavalu and Kim.
Exploring the role of nanomedicines for the therapeutic approach of central nervous system dysfunction: At a glance
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Md. Mominur Rhaman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Shopnil Akash; Mobasharah Mim; Md. Noor alam; Eugenie Nepovimova; Martin Valis; Kamil Kuca; Rohit Sharma
In recent decades, research scientists, molecular biologists, and pharmacologists have placed a strong emphasis on cutting-edge nanostructured materials technologies to increase medicine delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The application of nanoscience for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s disease (HD), brain cancer, and hemorrhage has the potential to transform care. Multiple studies have indicated that nanomaterials can be used to successfully treat CNS disorders in the case of neurodegeneration. Nanomedicine development for the cure of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system is critical. Nanoparticles may act as a drug transporter that can precisely target sick brain sub-regions, boosting therapy success. It is important to develop strategies that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and improve the effectiveness of medications. One of the probable tactics is the use of different nanoscale materials. These nano-based pharmaceuticals offer low toxicity, tailored delivery, high stability, and drug loading capacity. They may also increase therapeutic effectiveness. A few examples of the many different kinds and forms of nanomaterials that have been widely employed to treat neurological diseases include quantum dots, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and micelles. These unique qualities, including sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to traverse the BBB when employed in nano-sized particles, make these nanoparticles useful for imaging studies and treatment of NDs. Multifunctional nanoparticles carrying pharmacological medications serve two purposes: they improve medication distribution while also enabling cell dynamics imaging and pharmacokinetic study. However, because of the potential for wide-ranging clinical implications, safety concerns persist, limiting any potential for translation. The evidence for using nanotechnology to create drug delivery systems that could pass across the BBB and deliver therapeutic chemicals to CNS was examined in this study. Copyright © 2022 Rhaman, Islam, Akash, Mim, Noor alam, Nepovimova, Valis, Kuca and Sharma.
Exploring the Therapeutic Effect of Neurotrophins and Neuropeptides in Neurodegenerative Diseases: at a Glance
(Springer, 2023) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Fatema Akter Supti; Puja Sutro Dhar; Sheikh Shohag; Jannatul Ferdous; Shakil khan shuvo; Aklima Akter; Md. Sarowar Hossain; Rohit Sharma
Neurotrophins and neuropeptides are the essential regulators of peripheral nociceptive nerves that help to induce, sensitize, and maintain pain. Neuropeptide has a neuroprotective impact as it increases trophic support, regulates calcium homeostasis, and reduces excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In contrast, neurotrophins target neurons afflicted by ischemia, epilepsy, depression, and eating disorders, among other neuropsychiatric conditions. Neurotrophins are reported to inhibit neuronal death. Strategies maintained for “brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) therapies” are to upregulate BDNF levels using the delivery of protein and genes or compounds that target BDNF production and boosting BDNF signals by expanding with BDNF mimetics. This review discusses the mechanisms of neurotrophins and neuropeptides against acute neural damage as well as highlighting neuropeptides as a potential therapeutic agent against Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), the signaling pathways affected by neurotrophins and their receptors in both standard and diseased CNS systems, and future perspectives that can lead to the potent application of neurotrophins and neuropeptides in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
In silico investigation and potential therapeutic approaches of natural products for COVID-19: Computer-aided drug design perspective
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Shopnil Akash; Sadia Afsana Mim; Md. Saidur Rahaman; Talha Bin Emran; Esra Küpeli Akkol; Rohit Sharma; Fahad A. Alhumaydhi; Sherouk Hussein Sweilam; Md. Emon Hossain; Tanmay Kumar Ray; Sharifa Sultana; Muniruddin Ahmed; Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez; Polrat Wilairatana
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a substantial number of deaths around the world, making it a serious and pressing public health hazard. Phytochemicals could thus provide a rich source of potent and safer anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. The absence of approved treatments or vaccinations continues to be an issue, forcing the creation of new medicines. Computer-aided drug design has helped to speed up the drug research and development process by decreasing costs and time. Natural compounds like terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoid derivatives have a perfect impact against viral replication and facilitate future studies in novel drug discovery. This would be more effective if collaboration took place between governments, researchers, clinicians, and traditional medicine practitioners’ safe and effective therapeutic research. Through a computational approach, this study aims to contribute to the development of effective treatment methods by examining the mechanisms relating to the binding and subsequent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The in silico method has also been employed to determine the most effective drug among the mentioned compound and their aquatic, nonaquatic, and pharmacokinetics’ data have been analyzed. The highest binding energy has been reported -11.4 kcal/mol against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (7MBG) in L05. Besides, all the ligands are non-carcinogenic, excluding L04, and have good water solubility and no AMES toxicity. The discovery of preclinical drug candidate molecules and the structural elucidation of pharmacological therapeutic targets have expedited both structure-based and ligand-based drug design. This review article will assist physicians and researchers in realizing the enormous potential of computer-aided drug design in the design and discovery of therapeutic molecules, and hence in the treatment of deadly diseases. Copyright © 2022 Rahman, Islam, Akash, Mim, Rahaman, Emran, Akkol, Sharma, Alhumaydhi, Sweilam, Hossain, Ray, Sultana, Ahmed, Sobarzo-Sánchez and Wilairatana.
Insights into the Promising Prospect of G Protein and GPCR-Mediated Signaling in Neuropathophysiology and Its Therapeutic Regulation
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Sadia Afsana Mim; Nasrin Sultana; Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Kamal Dua; Mohammad Amjad Kamal; Rohit Sharma; Talha Bin Emran
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are intricately involved in the conversion of extracellular feedback to intracellular responses. These specialized receptors possess a crucial role in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Most nonsensory GPCRs are active in almost 90% of complex brain functions. At the time of receptor phosphorylation, a GPCR pathway is essentially activated through a G protein signaling mechanism via a G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK). Dopamine, an important neurotransmitter, is primarily involved in the pathophysiology of several CNS disorders; for instance, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and ADHD. Since dopamine, acetylcholine, and glutamate are potent neuropharmacological targets, dopamine itself has potential therapeutic effects in several CNS disorders. GPCRs essentially regulate brain functions by modulating downstream signaling pathways. GPR6, GPR52, and GPR8 are termed orphan GPCRs because they colocalize with dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in neurons of the basal ganglia, either alone or with both receptors. Among the orphan GPCRs, the GPR52 is recognized for being an effective psychiatric receptor. Various antipsychotics like aripiprazole and quetiapine mainly target GPCRs to exert their actions. One of the most important parts of signal transduction is the regulation of G protein signaling (RGS). These substances inhibit the activation of the G protein that initiates GPCR signaling. Developing a combination of RGS inhibitors with GPCR agonists may prove to have promising therapeutic potential. Indeed, several recent studies have suggested that GPCRs represent potentially valuable therapeutic targets for various psychiatric disorders. Molecular biology and genetically modified animal model studies recommend that these enriched GPCRs may also act as potential therapeutic psychoreceptors. Neurotransmitter and neuropeptide GPCR malfunction in the frontal cortex and limbic-related regions, including the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and brainstem, is likely responsible for the complex clinical picture that includes cognitive, perceptual, emotional, and motor symptoms. G protein and GPCR-mediated signaling play a critical role in developing new treatment options for mental health issues, and this study is aimed at offering a thorough picture of that involvement. For patients who are resistant to current therapies, the development of new drugs that target GPCR signaling cascades remains an interesting possibility. These discoveries might serve as a fresh foundation for the creation of creative methods for pharmacologically useful modulation of GPCR function. © 2022 Md. Mominur Rahman et al.
Investigation of the New Inhibitors by Modified Derivatives of Pinocembrin for the Treatment of Monkeypox and Marburg Virus with Different Computational Approaches
(AMG Transcend Association, 2023) Shopnil Akash; Md. Rezaul Islam; Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Saddam Hossain; Md. A. K. Azad; Rohit Sharma
The widespread occurrence of Monkeypox and Marburg virus fatalities all over the globe has prompted biologists, pharmacologists, chemists, and pharmacists to develop potent drug agents. This study generated eight compounds from pinocembrin derivatives by adding different functional groups to identify new effective drugs against Monkeypox and Marburg virus. Before the computational screening, they were optimized by material studio 08 in Density Functional Theory (DFT). Then, the "Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital" (HOMO), and the "Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital" (LUMO) were analyzed, which further turned into the measurement of the chemical reactivity such as E(gap), hardness, softness, electronegativity, index, and chemical potential, between them. All the compounds were documented to have a greater hardness and softness index. After that, sequentially, Lipinski rule analysis, molecular docking, acute toxicity, acute systemic toxicity, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR), and PASS prediction were all performed on these molecules to establish a potent medication. Firstly, the PASS prediction spectrum was taken, and these derivatives are highly potent antiviral compared with antibacterial, antifungal, and antidiabetics. The binding energy was determined using the PyRx AutoDock vina technique to identify the intermolecular protein-ligand couplings. The presentable maximum binding affinities were-9.0 kcal/mole against the Monkeypox virus (PDB ID 4QWO), and the top score against the Marburg virus (PDB 4OR8) was-8.3 kcal/mole. The pIC50 score ranges from 4.44 to 4.44 for the reported molecules. Finally, the pharmacokinetics showed that most of the ligands are free from carcinogenic effects, have better absorbance capability, have low to moderate aqueous solubility, and are ligands 01, 03, 04, 05, and 08 might penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The pinocembrin derivatives exhibited significant structural and pharmacological features and can be used as prospective antiviral medicines for Monkeypox and Marburg viruses. However, a more experimental investigation is required on a broad scale to establish them as commercial medications. © 2023 by the authors.
Multifunctional role of natural products for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease: At a glance
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Md. Mominur Rahman; Xiaoyan Wang; Md. Rezaul Islam; Shopnil Akash; Fatema Akter Supti; Mohona Islam Mitu; Md. Harun-Or-Rashid; Most. Nazmin Aktar; Most. Sumaiya Khatun Kali; Farhana Israt Jahan; Rajeev K. Singla; Bairong Shen; Abdur Rauf; Rohit Sharma
Natural substances originating from plants have long been used to treat neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a ND. The deterioration and subsequent cognitive impairments of the midbrain nigral dopaminergic neurons distinguish by this characteristic. Various pathogenic mechanisms and critical components have been reported, despite the fact that the origin is unknown, such as protein aggregation, iron buildup, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Anti-Parkinson drugs like dopamine (DA) agonists, levodopa, carbidopa, monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors and anticholinergics are used to replace DA in the current treatment model. Surgery is advised in cases where drug therapy is ineffective. Unfortunately, the current conventional treatments for PD have a number of harmful side effects and are expensive. As a result, new therapeutic strategies that control the mechanisms that contribute to neuronal death and dysfunction must be addressed. Natural resources have long been a useful source of possible treatments. PD can be treated with a variety of natural therapies made from medicinal herbs, fruits, and vegetables. In addition to their well-known anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities, these natural products also play inhibitory roles in iron buildup, protein misfolding, the maintenance of proteasomal breakdown, mitochondrial homeostasis, and other neuroprotective processes. The goal of this research is to systematically characterize the currently available medications for Parkinson’s and their therapeutic effects, which target diverse pathways. Overall, this analysis looks at the kinds of natural things that could be used in the future to treat PD in new ways or as supplements to existing treatments. We looked at the medicinal plants that can be used to treat PD. The use of natural remedies, especially those derived from plants, to treat PD has been on the rise. This article examines the fundamental characteristics of medicinal plants and the bioactive substances found in them that may be utilized to treat PD. Copyright © 2022 Rahman, Wang, Islam, Akash, Supti, Mitu, Harun-Or-Rashid, Aktar, Khatun Kali, Jahan, Singla, Shen, Rauf and Sharma.; (Figure presented.) Copyright © 2022 Rahman, Wang, Islam, Akash, Supti, Mitu, Harun-Or-Rashid, Aktar, Khatun Kali, Jahan, Singla, Shen, Rauf and Sharma.
Multifunctional Role of Natural Products for Therapeutic Approaches of Prostate Cancer: An Updated Review
(Elsevier GmbH, 2023) Md. Mominur Rahman; Galib Muhammad Abrar Ishtiaque; Shahriar Ahmed Rahat; Md. Abid Hossain; Md. Rezaul Islam; Saila Kabir Maeesa; Kajima Rifat; Shopnil Akash; Rabeya Begum; K. Hari Chandana; Rohit Sharma; Saima Naz; Abdur Rauf
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health issue affecting males globally and is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in males. Diet and physical activity can affect the possibility of getting PCa. Traditional plant-derived compounds and natural products have demonstrated promising effects against PCa in clinical settings. These natural products possess various antitumour qualities and have shown to be safe, inexpensive, and well-tolerated. Objective: The objective of this review is to thoroughly assess and describe the most recent studies on natural products and their multifunctional roles in PCa therapy methods. In order to evaluate the efficiency and safety of these natural compounds in clinical settings, it is important to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, identify prospective molecular targets, and regulatory molecules. Methodology: In 2023, our team conducted thorough searches across multiple databases for studies published from 1990 to 2023, with a major emphasis on 2010–2023, using specific keywords and headings related to natural products and PCa. We included relevant older studies published as early as 2000. Original articles and review papers were included as part of the criteria. Result: The results showed that natural compounds, plant extracts, nutraceuticals, and marine products hold great potential as therapeutic approaches for PCa. Compounds like quercetin, fisetin, genistein, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginsenosides, silymarin, berberine, celastrol, and honokiol have shown inhibitory effects on the androgen receptor axis, similar to synthetic drugs. Additionally, compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, curcumin, sulforaphane, and genistein have demonstrated promise in targeting PCa stem cells. Nutraceuticals like green tea, legumes rich in phytoestrogens, tomatoes with lycopene, buckwheat containing quercetin, and guava rich in phytochemicals have exhibited antiprostate cancer effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and displaying antioxidant properties. Moreover, marine products, including compounds like discorhabdin C, 1386A, frondoside A, and marinomycin A, have displayed potent anticancer activity against PCa cells by triggering apoptosis and exhibiting cytotoxic properties. Conclusions: These findings highlight the promising role of natural compounds, plant extracts, nutraceuticals, and marine products in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for PCa. However, further research is needed to better understand their mechanisms of action, evaluate their efficacy and safety in clinical settings, and determine optimal dosages and treatment regimens. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH
Natural products in neuroprotective therapies: Experimental and cheminformatics approaches to manage neurological disorders
(EnPress Publisher, LLC, 2024) Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Abid Hossain; Kajima Rifat; Saila Kabir Maeesa; A. M. Abu Sayem Rahman; Mahamuda Akter Mim; Nasrin Sultana; Dipongkar Ray Sobuj; Israt Jahan Tamanna; Md. Rezaul Islam; Sharifa Sultana; Arifa Sultana; Rohit Sharma; Rajeev K. Singla
Neurological disorders (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), epilepsy, despondency, and dementia have been evidenced as a rising concern among diverse geographical regions. Brain-related diseases are currently the main concern because they increase mortality and morbidity in the elderly. Regardless of the continual efforts by modern scientists to develop a promising pharmacological or surgical management, the outcome has not been satisfactory. Also, due to synthetic drugs’ associated side effects, scientists have taken the initiative to consider using natural compounds as an alternative. Hence, they obtain pretty effective results by using natural compounds. Natural ingredients are synthesized from a variety of plant and animal sources. These natural ingredients cure brain diseases through a variety of mechanisms. For effective medication advancement, the molecules must go through preliminary clinical systems that require some investment and significant speculation. In this situation, cheminformatics is fundamental in diminishing time and venture. Cheminformatics methods play a significant role in these issues, including 3-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship 3D-(QSAR), virtual screening, docking, molecular dynamic studies, and quantum chemical studies. The vital purpose of this study is to disclose different types of NDs and the neuroprotective effect of several natural products for experimental and cheminformatics-based therapy. Natural products like green tea, flavonoids, and ginseng are discussed as effective neuroprotective products. However, more investigation is expected to comprehend the better utilization of regular items in future exploratory and cheminformatics-based treatment for NDs. © 2024 by author(s).
Perspectives on the Molecular Mediators of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Strategies in the Context of Neuroprotection and Neurolongevity: An Extensive Review
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Sheikh Shohag; Shomaya Akhter; Shahidul Islam; Tonmoy Sarker; Moinuddin Khan Sifat; Md. Mominur Rahman; Md. Rezaul Islam; Rohit Sharma
Molecules with at least one unpaired electron in their outermost shell are known as free radicals. Free radical molecules are produced either within our bodies or by external sources such as ozone, cigarette smoking, X-rays, industrial chemicals, and air pollution. Disruption of normal cellular homeostasis by redox signaling may result in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Although ROS (reactive oxygen species) are formed in the GI tract, little is known about how they contribute to pathophysiology and disease etiology. When reactive oxygen species and antioxidants are in imbalance in our bodies, they can cause cell structure damage, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and other obesity-related disorders, as well as protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, glial cell activation, and subsequent cellular apoptosis. Neuron cells are gradually destroyed in neurodegenerative diseases. The production of inappropriately aggregated proteins is strongly linked to oxidative stress. This review's goal is to provide as much information as possible about the numerous neurodegenerative illnesses linked to oxidative stress. The possibilities of multimodal and neuroprotective therapy in human illness, using already accessible medications and demonstrating neuroprotective promise in animal models, are highlighted. Neuroprotection and neurolongevity may improve from the use of bioactive substances from medicinal herbs like Allium stadium, Celastrus paniculatus, and Centella asiatica. Many neuroprotective drugs' possible role has been addressed. Preventing neuroinflammation has been demonstrated in several animal models. © 2022 Sheikh Shohag et al.
Polyphenols Targeting Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury: Current Status and Future Vision
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Fahadul Islam; Sristy Bepary; Mohamed H. Nafady; Md. Rezaul Islam; Talha Bin Emran; Sharifa Sultana; Md. Amdadul Huq; Saikat Mitra; Hitesh Chopra; Rohit Sharma; Sherouk Hussein Sweilam; Mayeen Uddin Khandaker; Abubakr M. Idris
A spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when the spinal cord is deteriorated or traumatized, leading to motor and sensory functions lost even totally or partially. An imbalance within the generation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense levels results in oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation. After SCI, OS and occurring pathways of inflammations are significant strenuous drivers of cross-linked dysregulated pathways. It emphasizes the significance of multitarget therapy in combating SCI consequences. Polyphenols, which are secondary metabolites originating from plants, have the promise to be used as alternative therapeutic agents to treat SCI. Secondary metabolites have activity on neuroinflammatory, neuronal OS, and extrinsic axonal dysregulated pathways during the early stages of SCI. Experimental and clinical investigations have noted the possible importance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in moderating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators and axonal regeneration's extrinsic pathways after the SCI probable significance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in mediating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators. Furthermore, combining polyphenols could be a way to lessen the effects of SCI. © 2022 Fahadul Islam et al.